1 10 12 https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/426fb9ca20727d6c58f5f9463cef8159.pdf e58cf26451fd0f1cebb3bc844252bfb0 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 12 issue 2 2022 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional vol.12 issue 2 2022 African Journal of Emergency Medicine Impact of implementation of sequential trauma education programs (STEPs) course on missed injuries in emergency polytrauma patients, Ismailia, Egypt Subject The topic of the resource STEPs course Training programs Trauma injuries Description An account of the resource Introduction: Trauma deaths account for 8% of all deaths in Egypt. Patients with multiple injuries are at high risk but may be saved with a good triage system and a well-trained trauma team in dedicated institutions. The incidence of missed injuries in the Emergency Centre (EC) of Suez Canal University Hospital (SCUH) was found to be 9.0% after applying Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) guidelines. However, this rate is still high compared with many trauma centers. Aim: Improve the quality of management of polytrauma patients by decreasing the incidence of missed injuries by implementing the Sequential Trauma Education Programs (STEPs) course in the EC at SCUH. Methods: This interventional training study was conducted in the SCUH EC that adheres to CONSORT guidelines. The study was conducted during the one month precourse and for 6 months after the implementation of the STEPs course for EC physicians. Overall, 458 polytrauma patients were randomly selected, of which 45 were found to have missed injuries after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. We assessed the clinical relevance of these cases for missed injuries before and after the STEPs course. Results: Overall, 45 patients were found to have missed injuries, of which 15 (12%) were pre-STEPs and 30 (9%) were post-STEPs course. The STEPs course significantly increased adherence to vital data recording, but the reduction of missed injuries (3.0%) was not statistically significant in relation to demographic and trauma findings. However, the decrease in missed injuries in the post-STEPs course group was an essential clinically significant finding. Conclusion: STEPs course implementation decreased the incidence of missed injuries in polytrauma patients. Thus, the STEPs course can be considered at the same level of other advanced trauma courses as a training skills program or possibly better in dealing with trauma patients. Repetition of this course by physicians should be mandatory to prevent more missed injuries. Therefore, the validation of STEPs course certification should be completed at least every two years to help decrease the number of missed injuries, especially in low-income countries and low-resource settings. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Adel Hamed Elbaih, Maged El-Setouhy , Jon Mark Hirshon, Hazem Mohamed El-Hariri , Monira Taha Ismail , Mohamed El-Shinawi Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived https://doi.org/10.1016/j.afjem.2022.01.002 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 25 January 2022 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource peri irawan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource english Type The nature or genre of the resource text Jurnal Internasional Keperawatan STEPs course Training programs Trauma injuries https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/61881f226df31b4da3a79456e73ba56c.pdf 39dd8260f35799e05a2af5bfa4e7b103 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 12 issue 2 2022 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional vol.12 issue 2 2022 African Journal of Emergency Medicine Pre-course online cases for the world health organization’s basic emergency care course in Uganda: A mixed methods analysis Subject The topic of the resource Emergency Blended learning Low resource Short courses Description An account of the resource Introduction: The Ministry of Health - Uganda implemented the World Health Organization’s Basic Emergency Care course (BEC1) to improve formal emergency care training and address its high burden of acute illness and injury. The BEC is an open-access, in-person, short course that provides comprehensive basic emergency training in low-resource settings. A free, open-access series of pre-course online cases available as downloadable offline files were developed to improve knowledge acquisition and retention. We evaluated BEC participants’ knowledge and self-efficacy in emergency care provision with and without these cases and their perceptions of the cases. Methods: Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs2) and Likert-scale surveys assessed 137 providers’ knowledge and self-efficacy in emergency care provision, respectively, and focus group discussions explored 74 providers’ percep- tions of the BEC course with cases in Kampala in this prospective, controlled study. Data was collected pre-BEC, post-BEC and six-months post-BEC. We used liability analysis and Cronbach alpha coefficients to establish in- tercorrelation between categorised Likert-scale items. We used mixed model analysis of variance to interpret Likert-scale and MCQ data and thematic content analysis to explore focus group discussions. Results: Participants gained and maintained significant increases in MCQ averages (15%) and Likert-scale scores over time (p < 0.001). The intervention group scored significantly higher on the pre-test MCQ than controls (p = 0.004) and insignificantly higher at all other times (p > 0.05). Nurses experienced more significant initial gains and long-term decays in MCQ and self-efficacy than doctors (p = 0.009, p < 0.05). Providers found the cases most useful pre-BEC to preview course content but did not revisit them post-course. Technological difficulties and internet costs limited case usage. Conclusion: Basic emergency care courses for low-resource settings can increase frontline providers’ long-term knowledge and self-efficacy in emergency care. Nurses experienced greater initial gains and long-term losses in knowledge than doctors. Online adjuncts may enhance health professional education in low-to-middle income countries. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Alexandra Friedman, Lee A. Wallis , Julia C. Bullick, Charmaine Cunningham, Joseph Kalanzi , Peter Kavuma , Martha Osiro , Steven Straub, Andrea G. Tenner Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived https://doi.org/10.1016/j.afjem.2022.03.005 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 24 March 2022 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource peri irawan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource english Type The nature or genre of the resource text Emergency Blended learning Low resource Short courses Jurnal Internasional Keperawatan https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/2831cfd16954253111e18b259a0c2c9b.pdf bb8899fd9501b1f90c3379a5758786ce Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 12 issue 2 2022 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional vol.12 issue 2 2022 African Journal of Emergency Medicine Utilisation of peripheral vasopressor medications and extravasation events among critically ill patients in Rwanda: A prospective cohort study Subject The topic of the resource Rwanda Vasoactive agents Peripheral vasopressors Extravasation Resuscitation Global health Description An account of the resource Introduction: In high-income settings, vasopressor administration to treat haemodynamic instability through a central venous catheter (CVC) is the preferred standard. However, due to lack of availability and potential for complications, CVCs are not widely used in low- and middle-income countries. This prospective cohort study evaluated the use of peripheral vasopressors and associated incidence of extravasation events in patients with haemodynamic instability at the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Kigali, Rwanda. Methods: Patients ≥18 years of age receiving peripheral vasopressors in the emergency centre (EC) or intensive care unit (ICU) for >1 hour were eligible for inclusion. The primary outcome was extravasation events. Patients were followed hourly until extravasation, medication discontinuation, death, or CVC placement. Extravasation incidence with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using Poisson exact tests. Results: 64 patients were analysed. The median age was 49 (Interquartile Range [IQR]:33-65) and 55% were female. Distributive shock was the most frequent aetiology (47%). Intravenous (IV) location was most commonly antecubital fossa/upper arm (31%) and forearm/hand (43%). IV gauges ≤18 were used in 58% of locations. Most patients were treated with adrenaline (66%) and noradrenaline (41%), and 11% received multiple vasopressors. The median treatment duration was 19 hours (IQR:8.5-37). Treatment discontinuation was predominantly due to mortality (41%) or resolution of instability (36%). There were two extravasation events (2.9%), both limited to soft tissue swelling. Extravasation incidence was 0.8 events per 1000 patient-hours (95% CI:0.2-2.2). Conclusion: Extravasation incidence with peripheral vasopressors was low, even with long use durations, sug- gesting peripheral infusions may be an acceptable approach when barriers exist to CVC placement. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Catalina G. Marques , Lucien Mwemerashyak, Kyle Martin, Oliver Tang, Chantal Uwamahoro , Vincent Ndebwaniman, Doris Uwamahoro , Katelyn Moretti , Vinay Sharma, Sonya Naganathan, Ling Jing, Stephanie C. Garbern, Menelas Nkeshiman, Adam C. Levine, Adam R. Aluisio Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived https://doi.org/10.1016/j.afjem.2022.03.006 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 28 March 2022 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource peri irawan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource english Type The nature or genre of the resource text Jurnal Internasional Keperawatan Rwanda Vasoactive agents Peripheral vasopressors Extravasation Resuscitation Global health https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/e30e263a975286af25e65b4f92abff42.pdf e7c0d0fb063f0463d2f01085c29d2832 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 12 issue 2 2022 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional vol.12 issue 2 2022 African Journal of Emergency Medicine Climate change and emergency care in Africa: A scoping review Subject The topic of the resource Climate change Disaster preparedness Climate change adaptation Climate change resilience Emergency medicine Description An account of the resource Introduction: Climate change is a global public health emergency with implications for access to care and emer- gency care service disruptions. The African continent is particularly vulnerable to climate-related extreme weather events due to an already overburdened health system, lack of early warning signs, poverty, inadequate infras- tructure, and variable adaptive capacity. Emergency care services are not only utilized during these events but also threatened by these hazards. Considering that the effects of climate change are expected to increase in in- tensity and prevalence, it is increasingly important for emergency care to prepare to respond to the changes in presentation and demand. The aim of this study was to perform a scoping review of the available literature on the relationship between climate change and emergency care on the African continent. Methods: A scoping review was completed using five databases: Pubmed, Web of Science, GreenFILE, Africa Wide Information, and Google Scholar. A ‘grey’ literature search was done to identify key reports and references from included articles. Two independent reviewers screened articles and a third reviewer decided conflicts. A total of 1,382 individual articles were initially screened with 17 meeting full text review. A total of six articles were included in the final analysis. Data from four countries were represented including Uganda, Ghana, Tanzania, and Nigeria. Results: Analysis of the six articles yielded three key themes that were identified: climate-related health impacts that contribute to surges in demand and resource utilization, opportunities for health sector engagement, and solutions to improve emergency preparedness. Authors used the outcomes of the review to propose 10 recom- mendations for decision-makers and leaders. DXDiscussion: Incorporating these key recommendations at the local and national level could help improve pre- paredness and adaptation measures in highly vulnerable, populated areas on the African continent. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Elzarie Theron, Corey B Bills, Emilie J Calvello Hynes, Willem Stassen, Caitlin Rublee Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived https://doi.org/10.1016/j.afjem.2022.02.003 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 13 February 2022 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource peri irawan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource english Type The nature or genre of the resource text Climate change Disaster preparedness Climate change adaptation Climate change resilience Emergency medicine Jurnal Internasional Keperawatan https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/8d741290315e80be2e2f353e788a0123.pdf 0d28c5a6e4788270f6e4b95ef73a80d7 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 12 issue 2 2022 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional vol.12 issue 2 2022 African Journal of Emergency Medicine Financial burden associated with attendance at a public hospital emergency department in Johannesburg Subject The topic of the resource Out-of-pocket expenses Catastrophic healthcare expenditure CHCE Financial burden Healthcare costs Indirect medical costs Description An account of the resource Introduction: More than half of South Africans live below the poverty line. Indirect medical costs can contribute significantly to the financial burden of patients seeking medical care. The aim of this study was to determine the expenses incurred by patients and/or their escorts during a visit to the emergency centre (EC). Methods: Patients and/or their escorts presenting to an EC in Johannesburg were asked to complete the study questionnaire relating to expenses incurred during a visit to the EC. Results: Of the total 396 participants that completed the questionnaire, 108 (27.2%) did not have any source of income, 146 (36.9%) were the sole breadwinner in their household and 36 (9.1%) belonged to zero-income households. Among those earning ≤R2000 per month, the mean expenses relating to the EC visit was R240 (SD R372), equating to an average of 33.2% of mean monthly income. Transport costs were the most common expense (n=302, 76.3%), while general practitioner (GP) fees incurred prior to the EC visit accounted for the bulk of the expenses (median R450, IQR 350-820). Participants that earned >R2000 per month were significantly more likely to incur GP fees (p =0.012), while those earning ≤R2000 per month were significantly more likely to take a loan to cover EC related expenses (p =0.014). Conclusion: A visit to the EC can have a substantial financial impact on patients and their accompanying escorts in South Africa. Strategies should be aimed at identifying and assisting those that are in need of financial assistance to cover indirect healthcare costs. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource James MORROW, Abdullah E LAHER Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived https://doi.org/10.1016/j.afjem.2022.02.002 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 8 February 2022 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource peri irawan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource english Type The nature or genre of the resource text Jurnal Internasional Keperawatan Out-of-pocket expenses Catastrophic healthcare expenditure CHCE Financial burden Healthcare costs Indirect medical costs https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/c890425dadcaea7925034fb930cd624c.pdf e3b95b08b55366de6f5c16bcd7ac6083 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 12 issue 2 2022 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional vol.12 issue 2 2022 African Journal of Emergency Medicine The accuracy of nurse-led triage of adult patients in the emergency centre of urban private hospitals Subject The topic of the resource Accuracy Emergency centre Nurses South African triage scale Triage Description An account of the resource Background: Triage is applied in emergency centres (ECs) to assign degrees of urgency to illnesses or injuries to decide in which order to treat patients, especially when there are many patients or casualties, facilitating the allocation of scarce medical resources. A triage nurse determines triage priority by assessing patients using an established triage tool with specific criteria. The South African Triage Scale is widely used in South African ECs. Although the South African Triage Scale has been adopted and implemented in both private and public healthcare ECs in South Africa, few studies have assessed the accuracy of nurse-led triage in private ECs. Aim: To determine the accuracy of nurse-led triage in ECs in urban, private hospitals. Methods: A quantitative, descriptive, retrospective study was done. Three private hospitals with similar average patient volumes were purposively selected. We sampled the nursing notes as follows: 1) we stratified nursing notes by nurse qualification and then 2) for each category of nurse we stratified nursing notes according to triage priority level and 3) then systematically randomly selected the recommended number of notes from each triage priority level for each nurse category. We retrospectively audited 389 EC nursing notes to determine the accuracy of nurse-led triage. For each note, we independently applied the South African Triage Scale, and then determined agreement between our score and the score determined by the triage nurse. Results: We recorded 342 triage errors, consisting of triage early warning scores (TEWS) errors (n = 168), dis- criminator errors (n = 97) and additional investigation errors (n = 77). Overall agreement between the triage nurses and our scores was 71.7% (n = 279). Triage errors (n = 110) consisted of 3.9% (n = 15) over-triage errors and 24.4% (n = 95) under-triage errors. The highest level of agreement was between our scores and the scores of the emergency trained registered nurses (85%) and enrolled nursing assistants (78%). Conclusion: In South African ECs, the South African Triage Scale is not always correctly applied, which can lead to almost a quarter (24.4%) of cases being under-triaged and not receiving timeous care. Our results suggest that emergency trained registered nurses are well equipped to be triage nurses, and that this skill should be developed in South African nursing curricula. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Jenna Smith∗ , Celia Filmalter, Andries Masenge, Tanya Heyns Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived https://doi.org/10.1016/j.afjem.2022.02.007 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 23 February 2022 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource peri irawan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource english Type The nature or genre of the resource text Accuracy Emergency centre Nurses South African triage scale Triage Jurnal Internasional Keperawatan https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/06871071f624372ff6ead2c9fba8b3fd.pdf d314d47653a59078bb2d0d729c7ca962 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 12 issue 2 2022 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional vol.12 issue 2 2022 African Journal of Emergency Medicine Awareness, attitude and perceived knowledge regarding First Aid in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo: A cross-sectional household survey Subject The topic of the resource First aid emergency care awareness knowledge Democratic Republic of Congo Description An account of the resource Introduction: Emergency care can potentially address half of deaths and one-third of disability in low-and-middle income countries. First Aid (FA) is at the core of out-of-hospital emergency care and is crucial to empower laypersons to preserve life, alleviate suffering and improve emergency response and outcomes. This study aimed to gauge FA awareness, the attitude and perceived knowledge in households in the low socioeconomic setting of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Methods: We undertook a cross-sectional community-based household survey in twelve health zones in Kinshasa. A three-stage randomised cluster sampling was used to identify 1217 households. The head of each household or an adult representative answered on behalf of himself/herself and the household. The primary outcome was FA awareness, attitude and perceived knowledge. Results: Most households had a poor socio-economic background, with 70.0% living on <US$100 per person per month. Most respondents received formal education (98.4%), with 37.6% reaching the tertiary level. The majority (77.6%) believed that an emergency requiring FA was likely to happen in their household. There was a noticeable contrast between awareness (90.0% asserted that FA knowledge is a necessity) and positive attitude regarding FA (91.3% believed that FA increases wellbeing and survival) on one hand, and the insignificant rate of FA training (0.2%) on the other. Most (83.6%) acknowledged they did not think they had the required basic FA knowledge and skills for five selected common life-threatening emergencies. The age, area of residence and level of education of participants played a variable role regarding FA awareness, attitude and knowledge. Conclusion: Most participants reported inadequate knowledge of FA despite awareness and a positive attitude. Context-appropriate training programs are greatly needed to empower Kinshasa’s communities and equip them with lifesaving skills. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ken Diango, John Yangongo , Vera Sistenich, Eric Mafuta, Lee Wallis Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived https://doi.org/10.1016/j.afjem.2022.03.001 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 9 March 2022 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource peri irawan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource english Type The nature or genre of the resource text First aid emergency care awareness knowledge Democratic Republic of Congo Jurnal Internasional Keperawatan https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/065202222e2330f55ad12fb6e0dcede1.pdf 800b60d96fcd4d84acdb0fe03ff4a79d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 12 issue 2 2022 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional vol.12 issue 2 2022 African Journal of Emergency Medicine Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever during the COVID-19 pandemic in Africa: Efforts, recommendations and challenges at hand Subject The topic of the resource Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Description An account of the resource Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, millions have suffered globally and as a result, attention and resources for other diseases, such as Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever (CCHF), has declined. Despite a sig- nificantly lower incidence rate compared to COVID-19, CCHF has a considerably higher mortality rate at ap- proximately 30%. Both diseases share symptoms such as headache, fever, nausea and vomiting, fatigue, sore throat, however they have different modes of transmission, mortality rates, and incubation periods. Public health professionals have faced several challenges when attempting to prevent and control the spread of both diseases and despite their differences, many of the prevention methods remain the same. These include increasing public awareness regarding avoiding contact with infected individuals and animals, training healthcare professionals in emergency and preparedness for disease outbreaks and increasing the investment in medical supplies and treatment to control the spread of both diseases. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Leah Greene , Olivier Uwishem, Aderinto Nicholas , Arushi Kapoor, Christin Berjaoui, Emmanuel Adamolekun, Carlo Khoury , Fatima Elbasri Abuelgasim Mohammed, Helen Onyeaka Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived https://doi.org/10.1016/j.afjem.2022.02.004 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 13 February 2022 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource peri irawan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource english Type The nature or genre of the resource text Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Jurnal Internasional Keperawatan https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/b381674972017b79a45317178d407cb3.pdf e1d6018dd1d4763b07d666bda7c306c5 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 12 issue 2 2022 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional vol.12 issue 2 2022 African Journal of Emergency Medicine Occupational blood and body fluid exposure among emergency medical service providers in the eThekwini metropole of South Africa Subject The topic of the resource Blood exposure Blood body fluid exposure Occupational blood exposure Needlestick injuries South Africa Emergency Medical Service Providers Paramedics Description An account of the resource Introduction: Emergency Medical Service (EMS) providers in South Africa are among health care workers (HCWs) most at risk of contracting infectious diseases due to occupational exposure to blood and body fluids (BBF). While the austere, dynamic, and challenging nature of the prehospital environment appears to be one of the primary drivers to this risk, the growing prevalence of bloodborne infections within the country; particularly Hepatitis B, C and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), has inevitably compounded the problem. The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge, practices, and prevalence of BBF exposure among EMS providers in the eThekwini metropole of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Methodology: This cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was completed by 96 randomly selected EMS providers who worked for the state-run ambulance service and were stationed within the eThekwini metropole. Results: A total of 41 (42.7%) of the 96 respondents indicated memorable exposure to BBF at some point in their operational career. Exposure appeared to be mostly as a result of needlestick injuries (NSI) (63.4%), followed by BBF exposure into the eyes (19.5%). At the time of exposure, a total of 40 participants (97.6%) were wearing gloves, 22% (n = 9) were wearing facemasks, and 9.8% (n = 4) were wearing eye protection. Less than half of the respondents (46, 47.9%) were aware of existing EMS espoused BBF exposure policies, and 55 (57.3%) knew about post-exposure prophylaxis for HIV. Majority of the respondents (n = 74; 77.1%) indicated that they always recapped needles, and 46.9% (n = 45) dispose of sharps containers when completely full. Conclusion: The findings suggest that BBF related knowledge and practices among EMS providers working in the eThekwini metropole may be inadequate, and may increase the risk of blood exposure. In order to improve knowledge, immediate provision of EMS-specific BBF exposure training is required. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Melvin Chetty, Kevin.P. Govender, Simpiwe Sobuwa Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived https://doi.org/10.1016/j.afjem.2022.01.001 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 25 January 2022 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource peri irawan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource english Type The nature or genre of the resource text Blood exposure Blood body fluid exposure Occupational blood exposure Needlestick injuries South Africa Emergency Medical Service Providers Paramedics Jurnal Internasional Keperawatan https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/5cad5d446858be6a02ce4c187443f536.pdf 6133814f6566d91094af6918331c3e7d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 12 issue 2 2022 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional vol.12 issue 2 2022 African Journal of Emergency Medicine Stroke in Djibouti Subject The topic of the resource Stroke, Djibouti, Khat Epidemiology, Cardiovascular risk factors Description An account of the resource Background: Stroke is a neurological emergency affecting both developed and developing countries. In Djibouti, stroke is the fourth leading cause of death. Our objective was to describe the demographic, clinical, paraclinical profile of stroke in Djibouti and identify the possible underlying risk factors. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional multicentre study carried out over a period of 6 months in the medical services of the Soudano-Djibouti military hospital, the General Peltier hospital and the emergency department of the National fund for social security health centre. Results: A total of seventy patients were included. The mean age was 59.61 years with a male predominance (sex ratio: 2.5) and a statistically significant female-related difference beyond the age of 60 years (p <10−3). Cardiovascular risk factors were mainly hypertension (73%), khat chewing (64%) and tobacco use (50%). Khat chewing and tobacco use were associated with a younger age of occurrence of stroke (p=0.020 and p=0.004, respectively). Diabetes mellitus and hypercholesterolemia were found respectively in 30% and 19% of cases, and were more associated with ischemic stroke. Coronary disease (11%), heart failure (3%) and obesity (4%) (significantly associated with the female gender; p= 0,021) were less common. Motor deficits (94%) were the most common clinical manifestations, followed by sensory deficits (51%) and alteration of consciousness (37%). Stroke was ischemic in 61.5% of patients. The most affected territory in ischemic stroke was the territory of the middle cerebral artery, and capsulo-thalamic involvement in haemorrhagic stroke which was significantly associated with the alteration of consciousness(p=0,003). Discussion: Stroke had primarily modifiable risk factors in Djiboutian patients dominated by high blood pressure, tobacco use and khat chewing especially in the male population under the age of 60 years. These findings could have implications on future preventive measures and a better approach to public health policy. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mohamed AHMED NOUR, Saloua MRABET, Mouled ALI MAIDAL , Alya GHARBI , Youssef ABIDA, Amira SOUISSI , Amina GARGOURI , Imen KACEM, Amina NASRI , Riadh GOUIDER Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived https://doi.org/10.1016/j.afjem.2022.03.002 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 16 March 2022 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource peri irawan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource english Type The nature or genre of the resource text Jurnal Internasional Keperawatan Stroke, Djibouti, Khat Epidemiology, Cardiovascular risk factors