2 10 23 https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/993c2439cf40ce3533acd5fd464fed6e.pdf e8f6dddd260453cab3ebd5682cc9bce9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 12 issue 3 2022 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Aprika vol.12 issue 3 2022 African Journal of Emergency Medicine Factors associated with HIV testing among patients seeking emergent injury care in Kigali, Rwanda Subject The topic of the resource Rwanda HIV Emergency care Global health Low- and middle-income countries Description An account of the resource Introduction: Emergency centres (ECs) can be important access points for HIV testing. In Rwanda, one in eight people with HIV are unaware of their infection status, which impedes epidemic control. This could be addressed via increased testing. This cross-sectional study evaluated factors associated with EC-based HIV testing among injured patients at the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Kigali (CHUK), in Kigali, Rwanda. Methods: Adult injury patients were prospectively enrolled between January-June 2020. Trained study personnel collected data on demographics, injury aspects, treatments, HIV testing, and disposition. The primary outcome was the completion of EC-based HIV testing. Differences between those receiving and those not receiving testing were assessed. Regression models yielding adjusted odds ratios with associated 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated to quantify magnitudes of effect. Results: Among 579 patients, the majority were under 45 years of age (78.1%) and male (74.4%). The most common mechanism of injury was road traffic accidents (50.3%). EC discharge occurred in 54.4% of cases. HIV testing was performed in 221 (38.2%) cases, of which 5.9% had a positive result. HIV testing was more likely among males (aOR = 1.69, 95% CI: 1.02–2.78; p = 0.04), cases transported by prehospital services (aOR = 2.07, 95% CI: 1.28-3.35; p = 0.003) and those receiving surgical consultation (aOR = 3.13, 95% CI: 1.99-4.94; p < 0.001). Cases with lower acuity were less likely to be tested (OR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.55-0.90; p = 0.004), as were those discharged (OR = 0.28, 95% CI: 0.18-0.43; p < 0.001). Conclusion: In the population studied, most patients did not undergo HIV testing. EC-based physician directed testing was more likely among male patients and patients with greater care needs. These results may inform approaches to increase EC-based testing services in Rwanda and other similar settings with high HIV burdens Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Aly Beeman , Catalina Gonzalez Marques , Oliver Y. Tang , Chantal Uwamahoro , Spandana Jarmale , Zeta Mutabazi , Vincent Ndebwanimana , Doris Uwamahoro , Mediatrice Niyonsaba , Andrew Stephen , Adam R. Aluisio Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived www.elsevier.com/locate/afjem Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 5 May 2022 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource PERI IRAWAN Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource ENGLISH Type The nature or genre of the resource TEXT Jurnal Internasional Keperawatan Rwanda HIV Emergency care Global health Low- and middle-income countries https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/1f1dbd1c4051fa4b3fa4ce6ab814d3bb.pdf f4e435ee4d521a93ca5f68726f3b997d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 12 issue 3 2022 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Aprika vol.12 issue 3 2022 African Journal of Emergency Medicine Emergency clinician output in a district hospital emergency centre: a cross-sectional analysis Subject The topic of the resource Emergency medicine Low- to middle-income country Crowding Patient flow Output Description An account of the resource Introduction: Appropriate and efficient staffing is a cornerstone of emergency centre performance. There is how- ever a paucity of literature describing clinician output in low- and middle-income countries with current staffing models based on anecdotal evidence. This study aimed to assess clinician output at a district level emergency centre, and how it varied depending on shift, clinician, and workload factors. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study using an existing electronic patient registry, to determine the patients consulted per hour (PPH) during each clinician shift and how this is affected by various clinician, shift, and workload factors. Data was collected over three non-contiguous randomly selected four-week cycles from Mitchells Plain Hospital’s electronic patient registry. Associations between PPH and various factors were assessed using ANOVA with post-hoc adjustments where appropriate. The correlation between PPH and workload metrics was calculated with the Pearson’s Rank correlation test. Statistical significance was defined as p < 0.05. Results: A total of 1 289 clinician shifts were analysed with an overall PPH of 0.7. A significant association between PPH and shift type (p = 0.021), clinician category (p < 0.001) and cumulative shifts (p < 0.001) were shown. There was a decline in clinician output during a shift and output was significantly decreased by the number of boarders in the emergency centre but increased with higher numbers of patients waiting at the start of the shift. Conclusion: This study describes a relatively low clinician output as compared to evidence from high-income countries and has highlighted several associations with various shift, clinician, and workload factors. The results from this study will form the basis of quality improvement interventions to improve patient throughput and will inform staffscheduling and surge planning strategies Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mary Elizabeth Hoffe , Michael McCaul , Clint Hendrikse Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived www.elsevier.com/locate/afjem Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 26 May 2022 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource PERI IRAWAN Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource ENGLISH Type The nature or genre of the resource TEXT Emergency medicine Low- to middle-income country Crowding Patient flow Output Jurnal Internasional Keperawatan https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/1f99004e6c6b98846792b8ec4627563a.pdf 231eb084ac04c89ace3a287bfc6b2eba Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 12 issue 3 2022 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Aprika vol.12 issue 3 2022 African Journal of Emergency Medicine Development of a checklist for auditing completion of patient report forms: A Delphi study Subject The topic of the resource Emergency medical services Delphi Patient report form Quality assurance Audit Description An account of the resource Introduction: Medical records are an integral part of patient care. Information loss during the handover from Emergency Care Providers to hospital staffis common and has a significant impact on patient care. Information loss can be prevented with medical documentation that is accurate, complete and contains the relevant infor- mation regarding patient management. Patient report Forms (PRF’s) are used by Emergency Care Providers to record the details of their patient care and they form part of the patients’ medical records. Quality assuring of PRF’s is required to determine if the required information has been recorded on the PRF. Checklists are one the means of quality assuring PRF, by comparing the points on the checklist to the content of the PRF. Methods: An three-round Delphi survey was conducted with experts to determine the relevant information (data elements) required for the completion of a PRF including any additional South African –specific elements. Results: Thirty-two experts participated in the Delphi survey, which identified 166 data elements for the check list and this was refined to a final 133 elements after collation by the researchers. A proposed checklist was developed. Discussion: The Delphi process is a useful technique to develop a checklist. A checklist consisting of 133 total possible data elements to quality assure PRFs was designed. Further research regarding the use and reliability of the checklist is required Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Robert Bruce Mckenzie , Robin Pap , Timothy Hardcastle Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived www.elsevier.com/locate/afjem Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available ELSEVIER Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 11 April 2022 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource PERI IRAWAN Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource ENGLISH Type The nature or genre of the resource TEXT Emergency medical services Delphi Patient report form Quality assurance Audit Jurnal Internasional Keperawatan https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/3649ef435d5a80ecdbd041cd17430816.pdf cec3845b1ffeb650407f87c3c435b3c6 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 12 issue 3 2022 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Aprika vol.12 issue 3 2022 African Journal of Emergency Medicine Comparison of inferior vena cava collapsibility and central venous pressure in assessing volume status in shocked patients Subject The topic of the resource Emergency centre Fluid bolus Shock Description An account of the resource Introduction: Determination of intravascular volume status in patients admitted to the emergency centre is critical. Physical signs of hypovolaemic, distributive, cardiogenic, and obstructive shock frequently overlap, making an accurate diagnosis of shock state difficult. This is problematic because fluid loading is considered the first step in haemodynamically unstable patients’ resuscitation. Yet, multiple studies have shown that only approximately 50% of haemodynamically unstable patients in the intensive care unit and operating theatre respond to a fluid challenge. This study aims to provide an accurate estimation of intravascular volume status using bedside noninvasive methods as an essential part of the assessment of volume status in shocked patients. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional analytical study conducted on 102 shocked patients presented to the emer- gency centre. IV fluid boluses were standardized to be administered at 500 mL every 30 min over 120 min, as clinically indicated. Concurrent measurements of inferior vena cava collapsibility index (IVC-ci) were performed shortly before the initiation of IV bolus (i.e., time 0), and then at 30, 90, and 120 min, we measured both venous collapsibility index (CI) and central venous pressure (CVP). At each session, we recorded patient demographics, fluid responsiveness, and vital sign assessments. Results: We discovered that IVC-ci at cut-offpoint 40 has a sensitivity of 93.3% and specificity of 70.7% with an AUC of 0.908 and a good 95% CI (0.84–0.975), implying that IVC-ci of 40% or higher can indicate fluid responsiveness in shocked patients. CVP, despite having a good sensitivity of 88.6%, high specificity of 100%, and a significant p-value, is not a reliable detector of fluid responsiveness due to its small AUC value and low 95% CI. Conclusion: IVC-ci could be a good tool with moderate reliability for detecting fluid responsiveness because it is a less invasive and fast method Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Monira T Ismail, Afaf A. El-iraky , Emad El-Din A. Ibrahim , Tarek H. El.Kammash , Ahmed E. Abou-Zied Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived www.elsevier.com/locate/afjem Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 11 April 2022 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource PERI IRAWAN Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource ENGLISH Type The nature or genre of the resource TEXT Emergency centre Fluid bolus Shock Jurnal Internasional Keperawatan https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/b25c542ca87fcfabbe99b965fc09466a.pdf f9beb1d3de10bc288f9abc8ab930c3ce Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 12 issue 3 2022 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Aprika vol.12 issue 3 2022 African Journal of Emergency Medicine Community ‐acquired pneumonia and its predictors of mortality in rural southwestern Nigeria: A ‐five year retrospective observational study Subject The topic of the resource Community-acquired pneumonia Predictors Mortality Rural Nigeria Description An account of the resource Introduction: The predictors of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) mortality are important outcome measures in epidemiological studies and clinical trials. There is an observed paucity of data regarding the predictors of mortality of CAP in Nigeria. Few studies from the urban centres have been reported in the literature, with none from the rural centres. The objective of this study is to ascertain the clinical presentations, risk factors, and predictors of mortality among patients admitted for CAP in rural Southwestern Nigeria. Methods: A retrospective observational study using a data form and a standardised questionnaire reviewed the 176 patients admitted to Southwestern Nigeria hospital between January 2015 and December 2019. The data were analysed using SPSS Version 22.0. The results were presented in descriptive and tabular formats. Results: A total of 176 patients were studied. Their mean age was 53.3 ± 16.8 years. There were more males, 112 (63.6%), than females. The most common clinical presentations were cough, fever and sputum expectoration. The case fatality rate was 9.1% and its predictors were older aged patients [Adjusted Odds Ration (AOR), 4.135: 95% Confidence Interval (CI) (1.389-12.315); p = 0.005], hypoxia [AOR, 11.118: 95% CI (2.607-47.405); p < 0.001], tobacco smoking [AOR, 3.632: 95% CI (1.459-9.039); p = 0.008], chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) [AOR, 10.111: 95%CI (2.370-43.139); p < 0.001], and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) [AOR, 9.444: 95% CI (4.304-20.725), p < 0.001]. Conclusion: The case -fatality rate was 9.1%, and its predictors were older age patients, patients with hypoxia, tobacco smoking, COPD, and HIV. This study strengthens the argument on the higher prevalence of CAP and its mortality in rural Southwestern Nigeria. The findings may provide an impetus for prospective research on these outcomes. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Azeez Oyemomi IBRAHIM, Olabode Muftau SHABI, Shuaib Kayode AREMU , Emmanuel Olusegun OMOSANYA , Fasanmi Tolulope KOLAWOLE , Adewumi Oluwaserimi AJETUNMOBI Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived www.elsevier.com/locate/afjem Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 29 April 2022 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource PERI IRAWAN Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource ENGLISH Type The nature or genre of the resource TEXT Community-acquired pneumonia Predictors Mortality Rural Nigeria Jurnal Internasional Keperawatan https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/792fb48fd27e50d82066e1d6718202fd.pdf fc896681c05cf5a2512fa5d5875cb7c9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 12 issue 3 2022 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Aprika vol.12 issue 3 2022 African Journal of Emergency Medicine Bedside colorimetric reagent dipstick in the diagnosis of meningitis in low–and middle–income countries: A prospective, international blinded comparison with laboratory analysis Subject The topic of the resource Meningitis Reagent dipstick Bedside diagnosis Resource-limited Global health Description An account of the resource Background: Colorimetric reagent dipstick (CRD) for leukocyte esterase (LE) has shown potential for diagnosing and ruling out bacterial meningitis. Potential advantages over traditional cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis in- clude the small quantity of CSF required, rapid results, and easy interpretation. Our study aimed to determine whether clinicians in LMICs could accurately diagnose bacterial meningitis using CRD at the bedside. Methods: A convenience sample of 143 patients requiring lumbar puncture for possible meningitis were enrolled from 1 October 2018 to 31 December 2019 at three hospitals, one each in rural Burundi, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and Kenya. CSF was analyzed using CRD followed by traditional laboratory-based analysis by techni- cians blinded to bedside results. Results were analyzed for concordance rates, sensitivity/specificity, positive and negative predictive values and impact on clinical decision-making. Results: One hundred and one patients were included in the analysis. The prevalence of bacterial meningitis in the convenience sample was 35% (35/101) as defined by microscopy or positive Gram stain. Using a threshold of “any positivity ”for LE on the CRD, bedside testing correctly identified 33/35 cases (sensitivity 94.3%) and had a NPV of 92%. When only a clearly positive ( ≥ “+ ”for LE) CRD criterion was used, sensitivity and NPV were 77.1% and 86.2%, respectively. Conclusion: Despite considerable promise, in our study, color reagent dipstick analysis of CSF did not perform well enough to rule out meningitis or screen samples for the need for microscopy. The development of a CSF-specific dipstick should be considered. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Carlan Bruce Wendler, Ladislas Mashimango , Temoi Remi , Patrick LaRochelle , Elliot Kang, B. Jason Brotherton Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived www.elsevier.com/locate/afjem Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available ELSEVIER Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 11 April 2022 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource PERI IRAWAN Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource ENGLISH Type The nature or genre of the resource TEXT Jurnal Internasional Keperawatan Meningitis Reagent dipstick Bedside diagnosis Resource-limited Global health https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/b0a0f2dc542a0c29e38adddcca25302e.pdf 02ce426e75f6940bb061aab130dd41d3 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 12 issue 3 2022 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Aprika vol.12 issue 3 2022 African Journal of Emergency Medicine A prospective, internal validation of an emergency patient triage tool for use in a low resource setting Subject The topic of the resource Triage low resource setting predictive scores Emergency department Description An account of the resource Aim: Assess the performance of a simple triage disposition score based on mental status, mobility and either oxygen saturation or respiratory rate by three principal metrics: 24 h mortality, the need for hospital admission and the urgency ranking of patient presentations. Method: Prospective observational non-interventional study of consecutive patients presenting to the emergency and outpatient departments of a low-resource sub-Saharan hospital Results: Out of 14,585 consecutive patients arriving to hospital 1,804 (12.4%) were admitted and 39 died (0.3%) within 24 hours. No patients with normal mental status or a stable independent gait died within 24 h, and 95% of those who did had an oxygen saturation < 94%. The c statistic of the score for death within 24 hours was > 0.95 and not significantly changed if respiratory rate replaced oxygen saturation as a score component, or mental status was assessed subjectively or objectively. However, an objective measure of mental status significantly reduced the c statistic for hospital admission from 0.970 SE 0.003 to 0.956 SE 0.004, p 0.002. The score attributed a higher acuity rating than the South African Triage System urgency ranking of presentations to 11.1% of patients and a lower acuity rating to 1.3%. However, 53% of the patients given a higher acuity rating were subsequently admitted to hospital and 6.1% of them died. Conclusion: The score identified patients who subsequently required hospital admission and who were likely to die within 24 hours Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Brian Kikomeko , George Mutiibwa , Pauline Nabatanzi , Alfred Lumala, John Kellett, on behalf of the Kitovu Hospital Study Group Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived www.elsevier.com/locate/afjem Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 26 May 2022 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource PERI IRAWAN Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource ENGLISH Type The nature or genre of the resource TEXT Jurnal Internasional Keperawatan Triage low resource setting predictive scores Emergency department https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/96e594c2309607ee3f8c8d6216c47c41.pdf 6e108ab5c9c61ef9a682f999bc1228f1 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 12 issue 3 2022 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Aprika vol.12 issue 3 2022 African Journal of Emergency Medicine Analysis of the demographic characteristics and clinical profile of acute ischemic strokes admitted to the emergency centre in the Somalia population Subject The topic of the resource Acute Ischemic stroke Emergency department Somalia Sub-Saharan Africa Description An account of the resource Background: Stroke is a leading cause of death and chronic disability worldwide. In Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), which includes Somalia, stroke represents a significant part of the chronic disease burden. However, there is relatively little data on risk factors, demographics, and clinical profiles. This study aimed to define the etiological, demographic characteristics, classification of stroke and functional status of patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) admitted to the emergency centre, and to create projections to evaluate the incidence and genetic aspects of stroke. Methods: The study population consisted of patients who applied to the emergency centre between 1 May 2017 and 1 May 2021 and were diagnosed with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Patient demographics, season of onset, risk factors, laboratory data, imaging results, infarct location, AIS subtype and treatment outcomes were collected, and compared. Results: A total of 3,968 patients diagnosed with ischemia stroke were included in the study. The mean age was 51.12 ± 16.43 years, and we reported male predominance (65.7%). While hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, Diabetes mellitus (DM) were more frequent among the risk factors, smoking history and alcohol consumption history were very low. HIV-infected ischemic stroke was detected at a high rate (20.9%) and was common in a relatively young age group (31.8 ± 14.3). Large-artery atherosclerosis (LAA) subtype was detected with a high rate of 67.7%. The most common clot localization was in Supratentorial location (74.3%), and according to OSCP classification, partial anterior circulation infarcts (PACI) subtype (56.3%) was the most common. And these results were again different from other studies. Discussion: While the incidence of stroke and especially HIV-associated youthful ischemic stroke continues to increase rapidly in developing countries such as Somalia, with the addition of inadequate primary health care services, stroke has become a major public health problem in African countries regarding its costs at social, psychological, and economic levels. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ebubekir Arslan , Osman Cetinkaya Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived www.elsevier.com/locate/afjem Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 22 April 2022 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource PERI IRAWAN Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource ENGLISH Type The nature or genre of the resource TEXT Acute Ischemic stroke Emergency department Somalia Sub-Saharan Africa Jurnal Internasional Keperawatan https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/ed780504132d4ebfddcaa1453d8c2807.pdf 86b160a3dcd96c0acde115b1be585d1e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 12 issue 3 2022 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Aprika vol.12 issue 3 2022 African Journal of Emergency Medicine Analysis of risk factors for wound infection after extremity fracture caused by machete cut in a resource-limited setting Subject The topic of the resource Machete cut open fracture wound infection risk factor Description An account of the resource Background: Machete cut fracture is a unique subset of open fracture. The sharp force of a wielded machete that cleanly divides soft tissue envelope with minimal or no contusion results in an open fracture wound that is relatively less prone to infection. However, in resource-limited settings, the wound infection rate after machete cut fracture is relatively high. This study aimed to determine the risk factors for wound infection after extremity machete cut fractures in a Nigerian setting. Methods: We undertook a retrospective analysis of the patients who were seen in the Emergency room of two tertiary hospitals in Nigeria with a machete cut extremity fracture from 2009 to 2018. The association of wound infection with population and wound characteristics as well as intervention related factors were evaluated. Sta- tistical significant factors for wound infection in the Univariable analysis were entered into a Multivariable re- gression analysis to evaluate the risk of each factor when adjusted to other factors. Results: There were 113 machete-cut fractured bones in 67 eligible patients and wound infection was a complica- tion in 45 (39.8%) of the cases (95%CI 30.3 –49.7%).The factors significantly associated with high wound infec- tion rate were smoking, haematocrit < 30%, fractures sustained outdoors, lower extremity fractures, a wound size of > 5cm in length, injury-to-hospital arrival interval > 6hrs. Multivariable regression analysis identified wound size > 5 cm (aOR 14.142, 95%CI (2.716 - 73.636); p = 0.002), injury-to- hospital arrival interval later than 6hrs (aOR 4.410, 95% CI (1.003-19.394); p = 0.050) and administration of antibiotics later than 3hrs of injury (aOR 5.736, 95%CI (aOR1.362 - 24.151; p = 0.017) as independent risk factors for wound infection. Conclusion: Wound infection after open fractures caused by machetecut is more likely to occur in patients that present later than six hours after injury, wounds more than 5cm in length and delayed antibiotic administration. Appropriate treatment protocols can be instituted with this knowledge. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Njoku Isaac Omoke, Christian Chukwuemeka Madubueze , Francis Ndubuisi Ahaotu , Chinedu Gregory Nwigwe , Anthony Anakweze Anagor , Peace Ifeoma Amaraegbulam , Agama Nnachi Egwu , Omolade Ayoola Lasebikan Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived www.elsevier.com/locate/afjem Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 14 May 2022 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource PERI IRAWAN Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource ENGLISH Type The nature or genre of the resource TEXT Jurnal Internasional Keperawatan Machete cut open fracture wound infection risk factor https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/a340f7eaf8fcd4a5f65d3174e70c300c.pdf 59725d078e238db1fdf12079c8bd7dd1 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 12 issue 3 2022 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Aprika vol.12 issue 3 2022 African Journal of Emergency Medicine After-hour trauma-radiograph interpretation in the emergency centre of a District Hospital Subject The topic of the resource Plain films X-rays Trauma imaging Fracture detection Missed fracture Description An account of the resource Introduction: Plain radiographs remain a first-line trauma investigation. Most trauma radiographs worldwide are reported by junior doctors. This study assesses the accuracy of after-hour acute trauma radiograph reporting by emergency centre (EC) doctors in an African district hospital. Methods: An institutional review board approved retrospective descriptive study over two consecutive weekends in February 2020. The radiologist report on the admission radiographs of adult trauma patients was compared with the initial EC interpretation. The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and neg- ative predictive value (NPV) for EC interpretation were calculated with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). The association between reporting accuracy and anatomical region, mechanism of injury, time of investigation, and the number of abnormalities per radiograph was assessed. Results: 140 radiographs were included, of which 49 (35%) were abnormal. EC doctors recorded (95%CI) 77% (69-84%) accuracy, 38% (25-54%) sensitivity, 97% (91-99%) specificity, 86% (65-95%) PPV and 76% (71-80%) NPV. Performance was associated with the anatomical region (p = 0.02), mechanism of injury (p = < 0.01) time of day (p = 0.04) and the number of abnormalities on the film (p = < 0.01). The highest sensitivity was achieved in reports of the appendicular skeleton (42%) and in the setting of simple blunt trauma (62%). Overall accuracy was in line with the range (44%-99%) reported in the international literature. Discussion: Accurate reporting of acute trauma radiographs is challenging. Key factors impact performance. Further training of junior doctors in this area of clinical practice is recommended. Future work should focus on assessing the impact of such training on reporting performance. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Yi-Ying Melissa Liu, Suzanne O’Hagan , Frederik Carl Holdt , Sa’ad Lahri , Richard Denys Pitcher Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived www.elsevier.com/locate/afjem Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available ELSEVIER Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 11 April 2022 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource PERI IRAWAN Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource ENGLISH Type The nature or genre of the resource TEXT Jurnal Internasional Keperawatan Plain films X-rays Trauma imaging Fracture detection Missed fracture