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                  <text>Safety and Health at Work Vol. 13 Issue 2 2022</text>
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                <text>Safety and Health at Work Vol. 13 Issue 2 2022&#13;
Factors Associated With the Illness of Nursing Professionals Caused by COVID-19 in Three University Hospitals in Brazil (Original article)</text>
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                <text>nurse practitioners, occupational exposure, occupational health, SARS-cov-2</text>
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                <text>Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has demonstrated the importance of implementing strategic management that prioritizes the safety of frontline nurse professionals. In this&#13;
sense, this research was aimed at identifying factors associated with the illness of nursing professionals caused by COVID-19 according to socio-demographic, clinical, and labor variables.&#13;
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in three Brazilian university hospitals with 859 nursing professionals, which include nurses, technicians, and nursing assistants, between November 2020 and February 2021. We present data using absolute and relative frequency. We used Chi-square test for hypothesis testing and multiple logistic regression for predictive analysis and chances of occurrence.&#13;
Results: The rate of nursing professionals affected by COVID-19 was 41.8%, and the factors associated with contamination were the number of people in the same household with COVID-19 and obesity. Being a&#13;
nurse was a protective factor when the entire nursing team was considered. The model is significant, and its variables represent 56.61% of the occurrence of COVID-19 in nursing professionals.&#13;
Conclusion: Obesity and living in the same household as other people affected by COVID-19 increases the risk of contamination by this new coronavirus.</text>
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                <text>Larissa Bertacchini de Oliveira, Luana Mendes de Souza, Fábia Maria de Lima, Jack Roberto Silva Fhon, Vilanice Alves de Araújo Püschel, Fábio da Costa Carbogim</text>
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                <text>Elsevier Korea LLC</text>
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                <text>Sri Wahyuni</text>
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                <text>Safety and Health at Work Vol. 13 Issue 2 2022</text>
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        <name>Jurnal Internasional Keperawatan</name>
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                <text>Safety and Health at Work Vol. 13 Issue 2 2022&#13;
Effectiveness of a Training Program Based on Stress Management on NEDSA Staff and Line Staff (Original article)</text>
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                <text>Job stress, Line staff, Navy of the Islamic revolutionary Guard, Corps Staff, Stress management, Training package</text>
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                <text>Background: The purpose of present study was to determine the effectiveness of training program based on job stress management in NEDSA and line staff. &#13;
Methods: The study method of this study was quantitative and quasi-experimental research Methods: From the statistical population (all employees of the NEDSA and line staff in 2020e2021), 30 of these&#13;
people were selected by judgmental sampling method and considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The participants were first matched based on age and education and were randomly divided into&#13;
experimental and control groups. First, pre-test was taken from both groups (Job Stress Questionnaire). The experimental group was presented with a job stress management training package and no protocol was presented in the control group. After the sessions, post-test was received from both groups (experimental and control). After two months, a follow-up test was performed.&#13;
Results: The results were entered into SPSS-24 software and analyzed. The results of repeated measure showed high effectiveness of the job stress management package (researcher-made). The results showed&#13;
that the job stress management training package showed 67.5% effectiveness and also the training effect of job stress management training was stable for two months (follow-up).&#13;
Conclusion: Based on these results, Training program based on stress management can be effective in military staff.</text>
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                <text>Esfandiar Azad, Bagher Hassanvand, Mohsen Eskandari</text>
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                <text>Elsevier Korea LLC</text>
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                <text>Sri Wahyuni</text>
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                <text>Safety and Health at Work Vol. 13 Issue 2 2022</text>
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                <text>Safety and Health at Work Vol. 13 Issue 2 2022&#13;
Developing the Vulnerability Factor Structure Affecting Injuries and Health Problems Among Migrant Seafood Processing Industry Workers (Original article)</text>
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                <text>Factor analysis, Migrant workers, Seafood processing, Vulnerability factors</text>
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                <text>Background: The vulnerability of international migrant workers is on the rise, affecting the frequency of occupational accidents at workplaces worldwide. If migrant workers are managed in the same way as native workers, the consequences on safety assurance and risk management will be significant. This study aimed to develop the vulnerability factor model for migrant workers in seafood processing industries because of significant risk-laden labor of Thailand, which could be a solution to control the risk effectively.&#13;
Methods: A total of 569 migrant workers were surveyed (432 Burmese and 137 Cambodian), beginning with 40 initial vulnerability factors identified in the questionnaire established from experts. The data were analyzed through descriptive analysis; exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used to ascertain the model.&#13;
Results: The result of content validity &gt;0.67 and the Cronbach’s alpha of 0.957 specified the high reliability of 40 factors. The EFA indicated a total variance of 65.49%. The final CFA validated the model and had an empirical fitting; chi-square 1⁄4 85.34, Adjust Goodness-of-Fit Index 1⁄4 0.96, and root mean square error of approximation 1⁄4 0.016. The structure concluded with three dimensions and 18 factors. Dimension 1 of the structure, “multicultural safety operation,” contained 12 factors; Dimension 2, “well-being,” contained four factors; and Dimension 3, “communication technology,” contained two factors.&#13;
Conclusion: The vulnerability factor structure developed in this study included three dimensions and 18 factors that were significantly empirical. The knowledge enhanced safety management in the context of vulnerability factor structure for migrant workers at the workplace.</text>
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                <text>Itchaya Jiaranai , Preeda Sansakorn, Junjira Mahaboon</text>
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                <text>Sri Wahyuni</text>
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                <text>Safety and Health at Work Vol. 13 Issue 2 2022</text>
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                <text>Safety and Health at Work Vol. 13 Issue 2 2022&#13;
Comparison of Overall Immunity Levels among Workers at Grape Orchard, Rose Greenhouse, and Open-Field Onion Farm (Original article)</text>
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                <text>Cytokines, Agricultural workers, Immunity, Immunoglobulins, Natural killer cell</text>
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                <text>Background: Occupational hazards in crop farms vary diversely based on different field operations as soil management, harvesting processes, pesticide, or fertilizer application. We aimed at evaluating the&#13;
immunological status of crop farmers, as limited systematic investigations on immune alteration involved with crop farming have been reported yet.&#13;
Methods: Immunological parameters including plasma immunoglobulin level, major peripheral immune cells distribution, and level of cytokine production from activated T cell were conducted. Nineteen grape&#13;
orchard, 48 onion open-field, and 21 rose greenhouse farmers were participated.&#13;
Results: Significantly low proportion of natural killer (NK) cell, a core cell for innate immunity, was revealed in the grape farmers (19.8  3.3%) in comparison to the onion farmers (26.4  3.1%) and the rose farmers (26.9  2.5%), whereas cytotoxic T lymphocyte proportion was lower in the grape and the onion farmers than the rose farmers. The proportion of NKT cell, an immune cell implicated with allergic response, was significantly higher in the grape (2.3  0.3%) and the onion (1.6  0.8%) farmers compared with the rose farmers (1.0  0.4%). A significantly decreased interferon-gamma:interleukin-13 ratio was observed from ex vivo stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells of grape farmers compared with the other two groups. The grape farmers revealed the lowest levels of plasma IgG1 and IgG4, and their plasma IgE level was not significantly different from that of the onion or the rose farmers.&#13;
Conclusion: Our finding suggests the high vulnerability of workplace-mediated allergic immunity in grape orchard farmers followed by open-field onion farmers and then the rose greenhouse farmers.</text>
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                <text>Anju Maharjan, Ravi Gautam, JiHun Jo, Manju Acharya, DaEun Lee, Pramod Bahadur K C, Jin Gim, Sojung Sin, Hyocher Kim, ChangYul Kim, &#13;
SooYeon Lee, SooJin Lee, Yong Heo, HyoungAh Kim </text>
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                <text>Elsevier Korea LLC</text>
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                <text>Sri Wahyuni</text>
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                <text>Safety and Health at Work Vol. 13 Issue 2 2022&#13;
Cardiac Autonomic Control and Neural Arousal as Indexes of Fatigue in Professional Bus Drivers (Original article)</text>
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                <text>Background: Bus driving is a mentally demanding activity that requires prolonged attention to ensure safety. The aim of the study was to assess mental fatigue caused by driving a public bus and to find a profile of workers at higher risk.&#13;
Methods: We evaluated changes of critical flicker fusion (CFF) (index of central arousal) and heart rate variability (HRV) (index of autonomic balance) in a 6-hour driving shift on a real route, in 31 professional&#13;
bus drivers, and we tested the influence of personal factors such as sleep quality, BMI, and age. Paired t-test was used to test differences of CFF and HRV between both initial and final phase of driving, while&#13;
multiple linear regression tested the influence of personal variables on the indexes of mental fatigue. &#13;
Results: Results showed that CFF significantly decreased after 6 hours of bus driving (41.91 Hz, sd 3.31 vs. 41.15 Hz, sd 3.15; p 1⁄4 0.041), and heart rate significantly decreased in the final phase of driving, with&#13;
respect to the initial phase (85 vs. 78 bpm, p 1⁄4 0.027). Increasing age (beta 1⁄4 -0.729, p 1⁄4 0.022), risk of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (beta 1⁄4 -0.530, p 1⁄4 0.04), and diurnal sleepiness (beta 1⁄4 -0.406,&#13;
p 1⁄4 0.017) showed a significant effect on influencing mental fatigue.&#13;
Conclusion: Elderly drivers at higher risk of sleep disorders are more prone to mental fatigue, when exposed to driving activity. Monitoring indexes of central arousal and autonomic balance, coupled with&#13;
the use of structured questionnaires can represent a useful strategy to detect profile of workers at higher risk of mental fatigue in such duty.</text>
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                <text>Luigi I. Lecca, Paolo Fadda, Gianfranco Fancello, Andrea Medda, Michele Meloni</text>
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                <text>Sri Wahyuni</text>
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Burnout and Long-term Sickness Absence From the Teaching Function: A Cohort Study (Original article)</text>
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                <text>Background: The present objective was to verify whether burnout (emotional exhaustion [EE], depersonalization [DP] and low professional efficacy [PE]) is a risk factor for long-term sickness absence (LTSA;&#13;
30 consecutive days) from the teaching role.&#13;
Methods: This was a prospective cohort study with two years of follow-up that investigated 509 elementary and high-school teachers. Burnout was identified by Maslach Burnout Inventory. Poisson regression with robust variance was used to adjust for possible confounders.&#13;
Results: The incidence of LTSA was 9.4%. High EE levels were associated with LTSA in the crude analysis, but the association lost statistical significance after adjustments (for sex, age, perception of work-life&#13;
balance, general self-rated health, chronic pain and depression). High DP levels were associated with this outcome, even after all adjustments (relative risk 1⁄4 1.80; 95% confidence interval: 1.05e3.09). Low&#13;
PE levels were not related to LTSA.&#13;
Conclusion: The results reinforce the need to improve teachers’ work conditions to reduce burnout, particularly DP, and its consequences.</text>
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                <text>Denise A.J. Salvagioni, Arthur E. Mesas, Francine N. Melanda, Alberto D. González, Selma M. de Andrade</text>
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                <text>Sri Wahyuni</text>
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                <text>Safety and Health at Work Vol. 13 Issue 2 2022&#13;
Associations Between Work Characteristics, Engaged Well-Being at Work, and Job Attitudes d Findings from a Longitudinal German Study (Original article)</text>
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                <text>Job attitudes, Job characteristics, Mental well-being, Work engagement, Workplace health</text>
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                <text>Objective: The Job Demand &amp; Resources model suggests work characteristics are related to mental well-being and work engagement. Previous work describes the development of a combined construct&#13;
‘engaged well-being at work’ (EWB). To what extent changes in measures of this construct are responsive to changes in job demands and resources or associated with changes in job-related attitudes has not&#13;
been established.&#13;
Methods: Longitudinal employee-level data from three waves (German Linked Personnel Panel) were used. Logistic and linear fixed effects regression analyses explored longitudinal associations between&#13;
changes in EWB for participants over a three-year period with changes in job demands and resources and job-related attitudes (job commitment, satisfaction, and turnover intentions).&#13;
Results: While job resources were associated with increased odds for a change into a healthier and/or more engaged category of EWB, job demands reduced them. Job resources were more strongly related to&#13;
higher EWB (ORrange 1⁄4 1.22 - 1.61) than job demands (ORrange 1⁄4 0.79 - 0.96). Especially psychological job demands showed negative associations with improved EWB (OR 1⁄4 0.79). A change from the least&#13;
desirable category ‘disengaged strain’ to any other category of EWB was associated with greater odds by up to 20.6 % for increased commitment and job satisfaction and lower odds for turnover intentions.&#13;
Discussion: Improving work characteristics, especially job resources, could increase employees’ EWB, emphasizing the importance of job characteristics for a healthy workplace. Because EWB seems to be&#13;
associated with job attitudes, an improvement of this indicator would be relevant for employees and employers. </text>
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Association Between Insomnia and Constipation: A Multicenter Three-year Cross-sectional Study Using Shift Workers’ Health Check-up Data (Original article)</text>
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                <text>Background: Although insomnia and constipation are highly prevalent worldwide, studies examining a possible association between them are lacking. We examined the relationship between insomnia and&#13;
constipation in shift workers who have a high prevalence of insomnia and other diseases.&#13;
Methods: This study had a multicenter cross-sectional design and conducted using health examination data including self-reported questionnaires. In total, 12,879 and 4,650 shift workers were enrolled in&#13;
Severance Hospital and Wonju Severance Hospital, respectively, during 2015-2017. Multivariate logistic regression models and subgroup analysis were performed in each center with the same protocol, using a&#13;
common data model.&#13;
Results: The mean age of the total population was 44.35 (standard deviation 1⁄4 8.75); the proportion of males was 56.9%. Female sex, being underweight and non-smoker were strongly associated with an&#13;
increased risk of constipation symptom (p &lt; 0.001). Pooled odds ratios (ORs) were calculated using ORs of both centers with weights; there was a significant doseeresponse relationship (sub-threshold 1.76&#13;
[95% confidence interval [CI] 1.62e1.91]; moderate 2.28 [95% CI 2.01e2.60]; severe 4.15 [95% CI 3.18 e5.41] in the final model, p for trend &lt; 0.001). Subgroup analysis performed by stratifying sex and&#13;
pooled ORs showed a similar trend to that of the entire group.&#13;
Conclusion: We observed a strong correlation between insomnia and constipation in this population. Our findings may help in formulating guidelines and policies to improve quality of life in shift workers&#13;
through the management of sleep quality and proper bowel function. This study is the first to report this relationship among people working in shifts.</text>
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                <text>Byung-Yoon Yun, Juho Sim, Jin-Ha Yoon, Sung-Kyung Kim</text>
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                <text>Elsevier Korea LLC</text>
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                <text>June 2022</text>
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                <text>Sri Wahyuni</text>
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                <text>PDF</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="22691">
                <text>English</text>
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                <text>Safety and Health at Work Vol. 13 Issue 2 2022</text>
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        <name>Constipation</name>
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        <name>Insomnia</name>
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      <tag tagId="2017">
        <name>Jurnal Internasional Keperawatan</name>
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        <name>Multicenter study</name>
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        <name>Shift work</name>
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