1 10 11 https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/e6b73d7278857c9f2712433282c687b2.jpg 907922696ba2bf0422e9e1d62fb0e857 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 9 issue 2 2019 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 9 issue 2 2019 https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/0fceafda3f2e9a427ceffc8761acd819.pdf 84b557c43380bd29279c0326bb8e796b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 9 issue 2 2019 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 9 issue 2 2019 African Journal of Emergency Medicine Access to acute care resources in various income settings to treat new-onset stroke: A survey of acute care providers Subject The topic of the resource Emergency Low resource Access Stroke Cerebrovascular accident Description An account of the resource Introduction: Stroke affects 15 million people annually and is responsible for 5 million deaths per annum globally. In contrast to the trend in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), stroke mortality is on the decline in high-income countries (HICs). Even though the availability of resources varies considerably by geographic region and across LMICs and HICs, evidence suggests that material resources in LMICs to implement recommendations from international guidelines are largely unmet. This study describes and compares the availability of resources to treat new-onset stroke in countries based on the World Bank’s gross national incomes, using recommendations of the American Heart Association and the American Stroke Association 2013 update. Methods: A self-reported cross-sectional survey was conducted of delegates that attended the April 2016 International Conference on Emergency Medicine using the web-based e-Survey client, Survey Monkey Inc. The survey assessed both pre-hospital and in-hospital settings and was piloted before implementation. Results: The survey was distributed and opened by 955 delegates and 382 (40%) responded. Respondents from LMICs reported significantly less access to a prehospital service (p < 0.001) or a national emergency number (p < 0.001). Access to specialist neurology services (p < 0.001) and radiology services (p < 0.001) were also significantly lower in LMICs. Conclusion: The striking finding from this study was that there was essentially very little difference between the responses between LMIC and HIC respondents with a few notable exceptions. The findings also propose a universal lack of adherence to the 2013 AHA/ASA stroke management guideline by both groups, in contrast to the good reported knowledge thereof. Carefully planned qualitative research is needed to identify the barriers to achieving the 2013 AHA/ACA recommendations. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ramadhan Chunga, Stevan R. Bruijns, Clint Hendrikse Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived www.elsevier.com/locate/afjem Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 4 January 2019 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource peri irawan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource english Type The nature or genre of the resource text Emergency Low resource Access Stroke Cerebrovascular accident Jurnal Internasional Keperawatan https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/e5d3e5a0cca3ff2b4848e681ee999fe0.pdf 28b1af727a2c42e66ca318297f73dac2 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 9 issue 2 2019 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 9 issue 2 2019 African Journal of Emergency Medicine Cochrane, evidence-based medicine and associated factors: A cross-sectional study of the experiences and knowledge of Ethiopian specialists in training Subject The topic of the resource Cochrane Evidence-based medicine Resident doctors Residency training program Ethiopia Description An account of the resource Introduction: Evidence-based healthcare is a core competency for practicing healthcare practitioners and those in speciality training. In sub-Saharan Africa, little is known about the teaching of evidence-based medicine (EBM) in residency program. This survey evaluated the experiences and knowledge of Cochrane, EBM and associated factors among Ethiopian specialists in training. Methods: A convenient sample of trainee specialists completed a pretested self-administered survey. The majority (93%) were ≤30 years old, males (63%) and 41% in paediatrics speciality. The associations of categorical variables with EBM knowledge was assessed by Fisher’s exact or Chi-Square tests. Covariates contributing to EBM knowledge were identified using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: Eighty-three trainees participated in the survey (response rate 88.2%). About 75% have heard about Cochrane but no one recognized Cochrane South Africa. Only 25% of the trainees knew the Cochrane Library but none used it in clinical practice. Most (78%) have heard of EBM, 15% had attended EBM course, 96% wanted to attend EBM course and 81% had positive attitudes to EBM. Trainees EBM knowledge was associated with awareness of Cochrane [Adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=8.5, 95% Confidence interval (CI) 1.3–54.6, P=0.02], EBM (AOR=51.2, 95% CI 2.7–960.8, P=0.009), and being in third year training (AOR=28.4, 95% CI 1.9–427.2, P=0.02). The promotion of EBM in residency hospital (AOR=22.2, 95% CI 2.2–223.8, P=0.008) and being aware of Cochrane (AOR=4.8, 95% CI 1.1–21.7, P=0.04) were predictors of positive attitude. Familiarity with Cochrane Library was influenced by EBM knowledge (AOR=6.6, 95% CI 1.4–31.5, P=0.02) and perceived organization barrier to accessing the resource (AOR=3.2, 95% CI 1.03–10.1, P=0.04). Conclusion: Ethiopian trainee specialists lacked formal EBM training, awareness and use of the Cochrane Library. To improve the healthcare quality and patient outcomes, EBM education should be integrated into residency curricula. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Omar Abdulwadud, Aklilu Azazh, Amha Mekasha, Tigist Bacha Heye, Balkachew Nigatu, Finote Debebe, Haimanot Geremew Emiru Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived www.elsevier.com/locate/afjem Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available afem Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 4 January 2019 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource peri irawan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource english Type The nature or genre of the resource text Cochrane Evidence-based medicine Resident doctors Residency training program Ethiopia Jurnal Internasional Keperawatan https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/c0d1bf6b9bd0d7a6fb7391fd1fa29143.pdf 6b083e20944d8bc3b2512157503120a8 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 9 issue 2 2019 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 9 issue 2 2019 African Journal of Emergency Medicine Dissemination patterns of scientific abstracts presented at the first and second African Conference of Emergency Medicine Subject The topic of the resource Conference Africa Publication Barriers Dissemination Description An account of the resource Introduction: Evidence based medicine is the standard of modern health care practices. Ongoing biomedical research is needed to expand existing knowledge and improve quality of care, but it needs to reach clinicians to drive change. Journal articles and conference presentations are dissemination tools. The aim of the study was to establish the publication rate of scientific abstracts presented at the first and second African Conference of Emergency Medicine. The secondary objectives were establishing non-publication dissemination and the factors associated with publication and non-publication. Determining non-publication dissemination patterns and the factors associated with reasons for publishing or non-publication were also investigated. Methods: Presenters of the 129 scientific abstracts from the first and second African Conference of Emergency Medicine were invited to participate in an online survey. The survey was followed by a manual literature search to identify published manuscripts of authors that did not complete the survey, to determine the most accurate publication rate. Results: Thirty-one presenters responded (24%), of which 18 published in a peer-reviewed journal. An additional 25 publications were identified by the literature search. The overall publication rate was 33.3% (26.9% from 2012 and 40.3% from 2014). Oral presentations were more likely to be published (p=0.09). Sixteen manuscripts (37.2%) were published in the African Journal of Emergency Medicine. Presentations at local academic meetings were the most used platform beyond publication (43%). The main reason to publish was to add to the body of knowledge (100%), while lack of time (57%) was the major obstacle for not publishing. Conclusion: The overall publication rate for the first and second Africa Conferences of Emergency Medicine is comparable to other non-African Emergency Medicine conferences. The increasing publication trend between conferences might reflect the development of regional research capacity. Emergency Medicine providers in Africa need to be encouraged to participate in high quality, locally relevant research and to distribute those findings through accessible formats. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Marlin Abrams, Stevan R. Bruijns, Daniël J. van Hoving Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived www.elsevier.com/locate/afjem Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 16 January 2019 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource peri irawan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource english Type The nature or genre of the resource text Conference Africa Publication Barriers Dissemination Jurnal Internasional Keperawatan https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/64f5a62f947a40fbb8924d6b1d496790.pdf 42e68cc2a5e1be12452447cd1a2ca6c7 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 9 issue 2 2019 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 9 issue 2 2019 African Journal of Emergency Medicine Pre-hospital intercostal chest drains in South Africa: A modified Delphi study Subject The topic of the resource Pre-hospital Intercostal chest drain Pneumothorax Haemothorax Description An account of the resource Introduction: Trauma is one of the most common causes of death in low- and middle-income countries, with thoracic injury accounting for 20–25% of these deaths worldwide. The current management of a life-threatening pre-hospital pneumothorax is with a needle chest decompression, however, definitive care for a pneumothorax and/or haemothorax is still the insertion of an intercostal chest drain. The aim of this study was to seek expert opinion and consensus on the placement of ICDs in the pre-hospital emergency care setting in South Africa. Methods: A three-round modified Delphi study was undertaken with an expert panel drawn from local emergency care experts consisting of physicians and emergency medical service practitioners. Participants supplied opinion statements in round 1 under headings derived from common emerging themes found in the literature. During round 2 participants used a 9-point Likert scale to rate their consensus on each statement and in round 3 they were able to change their position based on the earlier panel distributions. A consensus percentage of 60% was set within a narrow margin of ‘strongly agree’ or ‘strongly disagree’. Results: A total of 22 experts took part as panel members. There were 123 opinion statements produced from round 1, of which 21 (17%) reached consensus in round 2. At the end of round 3 another four statements reached consensus, bringing the total up to 25 (20%). Conclusion: Definitive care of a life-threating pneumothorax and/or haemothorax must be sought emergently. The insertion of an ICD, under select conditions, may be required in the pre-hospital setting in South Africa Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Enrico Dippenaar, Lee Wallis Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived www.elsevier.com/locate/afjem Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 4 January 2019 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource peri irawan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource english Type The nature or genre of the resource text Jurnal Internasional Keperawatan Pre-hospital Intercostal chest drain Pneumothorax Haemothorax https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/60c09acc182e2a4a80e98a4d06315388.pdf 8b0f125e8e13f86ee74f00a7cca54983 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 9 issue 2 2019 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 9 issue 2 2019 African Journal of Emergency Medicine Prognostic performance of ECG abnormalities compared to vital signs in acutely ill patients in a resource-poor hospital in Uganda Subject The topic of the resource Acute illness Early warning scores Risk stratification ECG Prolonged QTc Left ventricular hypertrophy Description An account of the resource patients admitted to low resource hospitals in sub-Saharan Africa. Methods: We undertook an observational study of acutely ill medical patients admitted to a low-resource hospital in Uganda. Vital signs were used to calculate the National Early Warning Score (NEWS), and all ECGs were assessed using Tan et al.’s scoring system as described in Clin Cardiol 2009;32:82–86. Results: There were 1361 ECGs performed, covering 68% of all acutely ill medical patients admitted to the hospital during the study. The most common ECG abnormality was a prolonged QTc interval (42% of all patients) and left ventricular hypertrophy (13.5%). Compared to the 519 patients (38%) with no Tan score abnormality, the 842 (62%) patients with one or more abnormalities were more likely to die in hospital (OR=2.82; CI95%=1.50–5.36) and within 30 days of discharge (OR=2.46; CI95%=1.50–4.08). There was no relationship between age and mortality; however, after adjustment by logistic regression, any NEWS ≥1 on admission, a Tan score of ≥1, and male sex all remained clinically significant predictors of both in-hospital and 30-day mortality. Discussion: The majority of acutely ill medical patients admitted in a low-resource hospital in sub-Saharan Africa had ECG abnormalities, of which prolonged QTc and left ventricular hypertrophy were most common. Those with any Tan score abnormality were twice as likely to die as those without an abnormality Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Teopista Namujwiga, Immaculate Nakitende, John Kellett, Martin Opio, Alfred Lumala, on behalf of the Kitovu Hospital Study Group Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived www.elsevier.com/locate/afjem Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available afem Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 19 December 2018 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource peri irawan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource english Type The nature or genre of the resource text Acute illness Early warning scores Risk stratification ECG Prolonged QTc Left ventricular hypertrophy Jurnal Internasional Keperawatan https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/30e51d31970d9a23d2f6c86eff3aa0aa.pdf 3252d6f94e8de305201c7df30a888dee Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 9 issue 2 2019 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 9 issue 2 2019 African Journal of Emergency Medicine The cost of time: A randomised, controlled trial to assess the economic impact of upfront, point-of-care blood tests in the Emergency Centre Subject The topic of the resource Emergency department Point-of-care systems Point-of-care testing Economic analysis Description An account of the resource Introduction: Time and cost constraints abound in the Emergency Centre (EC). These resource-constraints are further magnified in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). Almost half of all patients presenting to the EC require laboratory tests. Unfortunately, access to laboratory services in LMIC is commonly inadequate. Point-of- Care (POC) tests may assist to avert this shortcoming. The aims of this study were to evaluate the cost effectiveness of upfront POC blood tests performed prior to doctor assessment compared to the standard EC workflow. Methods: A secondary analysis was performed on data from a prospective, randomised, controlled trial where patients with abdominal/chest symptoms or generalised body pain/weakness followed either the normal EC workflow pathway or one of two enhanced workflow pathways with POC tests (i-STAT with and without a complete blood count (CBC)) prior to doctor evaluation. The incremental cost effectiveness ratio (ICER) was used to perform the cost effectiveness analysis. Results: There were 248 patients enrolled in the study. The use of the two upfront, POC test pathways significantly exceeded the primary outcome measure of a 20% reduction in treatment time. In the i-STAT+CBC group, the 31 min. time-saving translated into cost-saving of US$14.96 per patient (IECR 0.27) whereas the 21 min. time-saving in the i-STAT only group only had an additional net cost of US$3.11 per patient (IECR 0.90). Conclusion: Upfront, POC blood tests can be utilised in the resource-constrained EC to manage patients more efficiently by saving time. This time-saving can, in fact, be more cost effective than traditional EC workflow making it an economically viable option for implementation in LMIC. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Lara Nicole Goldstein, Mike Wells, Craig Vincent-Lambert Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived www.elsevier.com/locate/afjem Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available afem Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 16 January 2019 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource peri irawan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource english Type The nature or genre of the resource text Emergency department Point-of-care systems Point-of-care testing Economic analysis Jurnal Internasional Keperawatan https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/f0f348d44badbd762db38a63dc869a6e.pdf 176794b0af631096a22c6f8d28119cb8 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 9 issue 2 2019 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 9 issue 2 2019 African Journal of Emergency Medicine The variables perceived to be important during patient handover by South African prehospital care providers Subject The topic of the resource Handover Handoff Prehospital Emergency centre Description An account of the resource Introduction: High-acuity patients are typically transported directly to the emergency centre via ambulance by trained prehospital care providers. As such, the emergency centre becomes the first of many physical transition points for patients, where a change of care provider (or handover) takes place. The aim of this study was to describe the variables perceived to be important during patient handover by a cohort of South African prehospital care providers. Methods: A purpose-designed questionnaire was used to gather data related to prehospital emergency care provider opinions on the importance of certain patient variables. Results: We collected 175 completed questionnaires from 75 (43%) BAA, 49 (28%) ANA, 15 (9%) ECT, 16 (9%) ANT and 20 (11%) ECP respondents. Within the ten handover variables perceived to be most important for inclusion in emergency centre handover, five were related to vital signs. Blood pressure was ranked most important, followed by type of major injuries, anatomical location of major injuries, pulse rate, respiration rate and patient history. These were followed by Glasgow Coma Score, injuries sustained, patient priority, oxygen saturations and patient allergies. Conclusion: This study has provided some interesting results related to which handover elements prehospital care providers consider as most important to include in handover. More research is required to correlate these findings with the opinions of emergency centre staff. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Andrew William Makkink, Christopher Owen Alexander Stein, Stevan Raynier Bruijns, Sean Gottschalk Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived www.elsevier.com/locate/afjem Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available afem Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 23 January 2019 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource peri irawan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource english Type The nature or genre of the resource text Handover Handoff Prehospital Emergency centre Jurnal Internasional Keperawatan https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/bf15b2ba48177a292997bd275039c438.pdf 592156ea9d4f87ff169bc02266398c0c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 9 issue 2 2019 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 9 issue 2 2019 African Journal of Emergency Medicine Traumatic ocular lens dislocation Subject The topic of the resource Ocular lens dislocation Traumatic lens dislocation Ultrasound POCUS Description An account of the resource Introduction: Ocular lens dislocation is a relatively rare and difficult to diagnose disorder. Computed tomography often confirms the diagnosis, however may be unavailable in resource limited settings. Bedside ultrasound offers an alternative method of diagnosis which is rapid, inexpensive, and relatively easy. Case: A 59-year-old man presented with a complaint of decreased vision in his right eye after being assaulted. Exam was remarkable for decreased visual acuity and increased intraocular pressure. Maxillofacial and brain CT as well as bedside ultrasound demonstrated a posteriorly dislocated ocular lens. The patient’s intraocular pressures were medically managed and he was discharged with close follow-up with ophthalmology. Conclusion: Ocular lens dislocation may be easily diagnosed with ultrasound. Direction of lens dislocation dictates management, however posterior dislocations may be amenable to outpatient management Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Jason Arthur, Brett Schubert, Stephen S. Topp Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived www.elsevier.com/locate/afjem Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 4 January 2019 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource peri irawan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource english Type The nature or genre of the resource text Jurnal Internasional Keperawatan Ocular lens dislocation Traumatic lens dislocation Ultrasound POCUS https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/863dfe41f62b7bdcea40c1f1a72d6a1d.pdf 0225031eb042f4fd1adc6777a19d47d7 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 9 issue 2 2019 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 9 issue 2 2019 African Journal of Emergency Medicine Triage live lecture versus triage video podcast in pre-hospital students’ education Subject The topic of the resource Triage Lecture Podcast Pre-hospital Education Emergency Description An account of the resource Introduction: Triage is the process of determining the priority of patients’ treatments based on the severity of their conditions. The aim of the present study was to survey the effect of triage video podcasting on the knowledge and performance of pre-hospital students. Methods: Sixty pre-hospital students were randomly divided into two groups of a 30-subject control group and a 30-subject intervention group. A pre-test was administered among all students. Afterwards, for the first group, triage education was offered through lectures using PowerPoint, while for the second group, audio and video podcasts tailored for this training program were employed. Right after the training as well as one month later, post-tests were run for both groups, and the results were analysed using an independent t-test and covariance. Results: No significant difference was observed between the effects of both types of education on knowledge and performance, either immediately, or one month after training. Discussion: We suggest that video podcasts are ready to replace traditional teaching methods in triage Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hamidreza Aghababaeian, Ladan Araghi Ahvazi, Ahmad Moosavi, Sadegh Ahmadi Mazhin, Noorollah Tahery, Mohsen Nouri, Maryam Kiarsi, Leila Kalani Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived www.elsevier.com/locate/afjem Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available afem Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 4 December 2018 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource peri irawan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource english Type The nature or genre of the resource text Jurnal Internasional Keperawatan Triage Lecture Podcast Pre-hospital Education Emergency