1 10 11 https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/4552d506e15e0d6dcc9f57948a0209e8.pdf 00694bf5d94431ae6f889f5f00408e19 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 10 issue 1 2020 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 10 issue 1 2020 African Journal of Emergency Medicine The Urgent Need for Postgraduate Medical Training in Emergency Medicine in Nigeria Subject The topic of the resource The Urgent Need for Postgraduate Medical Training in Emergency Medicine in Nigeria Description An account of the resource Emergency medicine is a standalone field of medicine which has developed over decades to become the bedrock of emergency care in developed countries. It is a fairly new specialty, which started to receive recognition in the late ‘60s and early ‘70s as a distinct specialty, out of the need to care for a growing population of unscheduled and undifferentiated patients who needed immediate medical care [1]. The emergency medicine training framework is in different stages of development in Africa. It is highly developed in some parts of the continent, yet remains rudimentary and virtually non-existent in other parts. The flagship emergency medicine residency training program in Africa began in the University of Cape Town in 2004 [2], after which several programs in other African countries such as Botswana, Egypt, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Libya, Malawi, Mozambique, Rwanda, Sudan and Tanzania sprang up. As of 2017, there were 15 emergency medicine residency training programs across 12 countries in Africa Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource EDITORIAL Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived www.elsevier.com/locate/afjem Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 9 September 2019 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource peri irawan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource english Type The nature or genre of the resource text Jurnal Internasional Keperawatan The Urgent Need for Postgraduate Medical Training in Emergency Medicine in Nigeria https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/5bfde47bf9566da7e69c27444e4be9fe.pdf b77105bc2d6f679e23c884b4a15c6081 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 10 issue 1 2020 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 10 issue 1 2020 African Journal of Emergency Medicine The effect of clinical simulation assessment on stress and anxiety measures in emergency care students Subject The topic of the resource Simulation Assessment Stress Anxiety Description An account of the resource Background: Clinical simulation has become widespread as a training and assessment tool across a range of health professions, including emergency care. As with any form of assessment, simulations may be associated with stress and anxiety (“distress”) which may have a negative effect on student performance if demands required by the simulation outweigh the available resources. This study aimed to assess the effect of participation by students in an emergency care simulation on an objective measure of stress and a subjective measure of anxiety. Methods: Heart rate variability (HRV) and scores from a validated state anxiety instrument (the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory) were assessed in 36 emergency medical care students participating in scheduled simulation assessments. Data recorded during a resting control period were used for comparison. Results: HRV variables showed changes in the simulation assessment group suggesting decreased variability and parasympathetic withdrawal, however these were not significantly different to control. Heart rate in the simulation assessment group increased significantly (73.5/min vs. 107.3/min, p < 0.001). State anxiety scores increased significantly both before (33.5 vs. 49.1, p < 0.001) and after (33.5 vs. 60, p < 0.001) the simulation assessment, compared to control. No linear relationship was found between any HRV variables and anxiety scores. Conclusion: Participating in an emergency care simulation assessment significantly elevated levels of anxiety in a group of 36 students, however an objective measure of stress did not identify changes significantly different to those at rest, with the exception of heart rate. The high levels of anxiety documented before and after simulation assessments may have a negative effect on performance and require further investigation. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Christopher Stein Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived www.elsevier.com/locate/afjem Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available afem Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 9 December 2019 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource peri irawan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource english Type The nature or genre of the resource text Jurnal Internasional Keperawatan Simulation Assessment Stress Anxiety https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/a31e07df45343f9eedc78f5a34c7a377.pdf 1e33e6848b0cc8d95129c12dd6440355 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 10 issue 1 2020 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 10 issue 1 2020 African Journal of Emergency Medicine Self-assessed competencies of nurses at an emergency department in Ghana Subject The topic of the resource Perceived abilities Registered nurses Emergency nurses Accident Emergency centre Description An account of the resource Introduction: The nature and scope of emergency nursing exposes nurses to a wide array of patient populations with rapidly changing and unexpected clinical conditions, sophisticated logistics and procedures. Hence, emergency centre (EC) nurses ought to be ready to face diverse clinical challenges and deliver care to patients in a timely cost-effective manner and with the needed competence. The current study aimed at examining the selfassessed competencies of nurses, and comparing ratings among certified emergency nurses (ENs) and general nurses (GNs) working at an EC of a tertiary hospital in Ghana. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional quantitative study was carried out among 109 conveniently sampled nurses. Participants evaluated their perceived competencies on a validated instrument under five domains, namely: diagnostic function (DF), administering and monitoring therapeutic interventions (AMTI), effective management of rapidly changing situations (EMRCS), organisational and work load competency (OWLC), and the helping role (HR). Descriptive and inferential data analyses were by SPSS version 25. Results: Participants generally had good competencies in the performance of emergency nursing procedures. Highest scores were obtained in OWLC (median score of 83.3%) while EMRCS recorded the least scores (median score of 57.9%). With the exception of the DF domain (p=0.166), ENs perceived themselves as significantly more competent than their counterpart GNs in 4 (OWLC, HR, AMTI, EMRCS) out of the five studied domains (p < 0.05). Discussion: Specialist training enhances nurses' perceived competences in emergency nursing procedures. This reiterates the need for regular theory and practice-based education for GNs on intermediate and advanced procedures as they prepare to enrol in specialist programmes. As nurses take on expanded professional roles in this emerging nursing specialty in low- and middle-income countries, it is important the needed capacity is developed to adequately address the needs of patients and families that require services in ECs Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Victoria Bam, Abigail Kusi-Amponsah Diji, Ernest Asante, Alberta Yemotsoo Lomotey, Pearl Adade, Berlinda Asante Akyeampong Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived www.elsevier.com/locate/afjem Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available afem Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 12 September 2019 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource peri irawan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource english Type The nature or genre of the resource text Jurnal Internasional Keperawatan Perceived abilities Registered nurses Emergency nurses Accident Emergency centre https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/be8f4f899b789693e98752cc8adfb6d0.pdf 9ea2368368dee12991c990b48efc6531 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 10 issue 1 2020 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 10 issue 1 2020 African Journal of Emergency Medicine Novel educational adjuncts for the World Health Organization Basic Emergency Care Course: A prospective cohort study Subject The topic of the resource Flipped classroom online Emergency care Open access educational resources Education Point-of-care Description An account of the resource Introduction: The World Health Organization's (WHO) Basic Emergency Care Course (BEC) is a five day, inperson course covering basic assessment and life-saving interventions. We developed two novel adjuncts for the WHO BEC: a suite of clinical cases (BEC-Cases) to simulate patient care and a mobile phone application (BECApp) for reference. The purpose was to determine whether the use of these educational adjuncts in a flipped classroom approach improves knowledge acquisition and retention among healthcare workers in a low-resource setting. Methods: We conducted a prospective, cohort study from October 2017 through February 2018 at two district hospitals in the Pwani Region of Tanzania. Descriptive statistics, Fisher's exact t-tests, and Wilcoxon ranked-sum tests were used to examine whether the use of these adjuncts resulted in improved learner knowledge. Participants were enrolled based on location into two arms; Arm 1 received the BEC course and Arm 2 received the BEC-Cases and BEC-App in addition to the BEC course. Both Arms were tested before and after the BEC course, as well as a 7-month follow-up exam. All participants were invited to focus groups on the course and adjuncts. Results: A total of 24 participants were included, 12 (50%) of whom were followed to completion. Mean pre-test scores in Arm 1 (50%) were similar to Arm 2 (53%) (p=0.52). Both arms had improved test scores after the BEC Course Arm 1 (74%) and Arm 2 (87%), (p=0.03). At 7-month follow-up, though with significant participant loss to follow up, Arm 1 had a mean follow-up exam score of 66%, and Arm 2, 74%. Discussion: Implementation of flipped classroom educational adjuncts for the WHO BEC course is feasible and may improve healthcare worker learning in low resource settings. Our focus- group feedback suggest that the course and adjuncts are user friendly and culturally appropriate. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Steven Straube, Julia Chang-Bullick, Paulina Nicholaus, Juma Mfinangab, Christian Rose, Taylor Nichols, Daniel Hackner, Shelby Murphy, Hendry Sawe, Andrea Tenner Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived www.elsevier.com/locate/afjem Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available afem Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 24 November 2019 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource peri irawan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource english Type The nature or genre of the resource text Flipped classroom online Emergency care Open access educational resources Education Point-of-care Jurnal Internasional Keperawatan https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/82ce9883aa5ae49a1085f13e1d4e7e7e.pdf 7dd683ae6c0d5e4f504845105419f539 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 10 issue 1 2020 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 10 issue 1 2020 African Journal of Emergency Medicine Impact of traffic, poverty and facility ownership on travel time to emergency care in Nairobi, Kenya Subject The topic of the resource Emergency care Kenya Traffic Poverty Description An account of the resource Background: In many low and middle-income countries (LMICs), timely access to emergency healthcare services is limited. In urban settings, traffic can have a significant impact on travel time, leading to life-threatening delays for time-sensitive injuries and medical emergencies. In this study, we examined travel times to hospitals in Nairobi, Kenya, one of the largest and most congested cities in the developing world. Methods: We used a network approach to estimate average minimum travel times to different types of hospitals (e.g. ownership and level of care) in Nairobi under both congested and uncongested traffic conditions. We also examined the correlation between travel time and socioeconomic status. Results: We estimate the average minimum travel time during uncongested traffic conditions to any level 4 health facility (primary hospitals) or above in Nairobi to be 4.5 min (IQR 2.5–6.1). Traffic added an average of 9.0 min (a 200% increase). In uncongested conditions, we estimate an average travel time of 7.9 min (IQR 5.1–10.4) to level 5 facilities (secondary hospitals) and 11.6 min (IQR 8.5–14.2) to Kenyatta National Hospital, the only level 6 facility (tertiary hospital) in the country. Traffic congestion added an average of 13.1 and 16.0 min (166% and 138% increase) to travel times to level 5 and level 6 facilities, respectively. For individuals living below the poverty line, we estimate that preferential use of public or faith-based facilities could increase travel time by as much as 65%. Conclusion: Average travel times to health facilities capable of providing emergency care in Nairobi are quite low, but traffic congestion double or triple estimated travel times. Furthermore, we estimate significant disparities in timely access to care for those individuals living under the poverty line who preferentially seek care in public or faith-based facilities. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Maya S. Fraser, Benjamin W. Wachira, Abraham D. Flaxman, Aaron Y. Lee, Herbert C. Duber Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived www.elsevier.com/locate/afjem Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available afem Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 19 December 2019 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource peri irawan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource english Type The nature or genre of the resource text Emergency care Kenya Traffic Poverty Jurnal Internasional Keperawatan https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/4f712d7a782529a04c354ca90a2d6d53.pdf 591d949e85296debbd54c4b76e1e69a7 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 10 issue 1 2020 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 10 issue 1 2020 African Journal of Emergency Medicine High-anion gap hyperchloremic acidosis mimicking diabetic ketoacidosis on initial presentation – Case report Subject The topic of the resource Diabetic ketoacidosis Hyperchloremia Non-anion gap metabolic acidosis High-anion gap metabolic acidosis Description An account of the resource Introduction: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) often becomes the primary focus and in turn masks a similar serious condition like hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis. Case report: A 20 years old female with type 1 diabetes mellitus presented to the emergency department (ED) with signs and symptoms corresponding to DKA. Initial pH, HCO3, Na and Cl concentrations were 6.83, 3.6 mmol/l, 143 mmol/l and 122 mmol/l respectively; anion gap 17.4 mmol/l and absent urinary ketones. DKA regime showed no improvement in the measured parameters nor the patient. The diagnosis changed to hyperchloremic high-anion gap acidosis and treatment modifications were made by adding sodium bicarbonate infusion. There was significant improvement in the clinical status of the patient and the calculated parameters. Discussion: Hyperchloremic acidosis is associated with a non-anion gap, decrease in plasma bicarbonate and increase in plasma chloride. Rarely, as with this case, it may present with a high-anion gap. The use of bicarbonate therapy has shown improvement in cases of non-anion gap acidosis however there is very little data to support its role in high-anion gap hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Esmail Sangey, Kishan Chudasama Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived www.elsevier.com/locate/afjem Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available afem Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2020 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource peri irawan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource english Type The nature or genre of the resource text Diabetic ketoacidosis Hyperchloremia Non-anion gap metabolic acidosis High-anion gap metabolic acidosis Jurnal Internasional Keperawatan https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/3a1f176166e6c0f6999bd28eb7fe13a4.pdf d9713c52351b4903f61f9154a2758a21 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 10 issue 1 2020 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 10 issue 1 2020 African Journal of Emergency Medicine Evaluation of a modified South African Triage Score as a predictor of patient disposition at a tertiary hospital in Rwanda Subject The topic of the resource Triage South African Triage Score Emergency Center Rwanda Description An account of the resource Background: Triage is essential for efficient and effective delivery of care in emergency centers (ECs) where numerous patients present simultaneously with varying acuity of conditions. Implementing EC triage systems provides a method of recognizing which patients may require admission and are at higher risks for poor health outcomes. Rwanda is experiencing increased demand for emergency care; however, triage has not been wellstudied. The University Teaching Hospital of Kigali (UTH-K) is an urban tertiary care health center utilizing a locally modified South African Triage Score (mSATS) that classifies patients into five color categories. Our study evaluated the utility of the mSATS tool at UTH-K. Methods: UTH-K implemented mSATS in April 2013. All patients aged 15 years or older from August 2015 to July 2016 were eligible for inclusion in the database. Variables of interest included demographic information, mSATS category, patient case type (trauma or medical), disposition from the ED and mortality. Results: 1438 cases were randomly sampled; the majority were male (61.9%) and median age was 35 years. Injuries accounted for 56.7% of the cases while medical conditions affected 43.3%. Admission likelihood significantly increased with higher triage color category for medical patients (OR: Yellow=3.61, p<.001 to Red (with alarm)=7.80, p<.01). Likelihood for trauma patients, however, was not significantly increased (OR: Yellow=.84, p=.75 to Red (with alarm)=1.50, p=.65). Mortality rates increased with increasing triage category with the red with alarm category having the highest mortality (7.7%, OR 18.91). Conclusion: The mSATS tool accurately predicted patient disposition and mortality for the overall ED population. The mSATS tool provided useful clinical guidance on the need for hospital admission for medical patients but did not accurately predict patient disposition for injured patients. Further trauma-specific triage studies are needed to improve emergency care in Rwanda. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Chantal Uwamahoro, Adam R. Aluisio, Esther Chu, Ellen Reibling, Zeta Mutabazi, Naz Karim, Jean Claude Byiringiro, Adam C. Levine, Mindi Guptill Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived www.elsevier.com/locate/afjem Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available afem Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 28 October 2019 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource peri irawan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource english Type The nature or genre of the resource text Jurnal Internasional Keperawatan Triage South African Triage Score Emergency Center Rwanda https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/e94eda214db5f2acbf642b5db2b2d503.pdf 3b678788821ba87f6c3595c3532c2224 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 10 issue 1 2020 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 10 issue 1 2020 African Journal of Emergency Medicine Burden and spectrum of paediatric respiratory diseases at a referral hospital in North-Central Nigeria - A five year review Subject The topic of the resource Pattern pneumonia children respiratory disease Description An account of the resource Introduction: Globally respiratory diseases, comprising a broad range of disease conditions due to infectious and non-infectious causes, are a major cause of childhood morbidity and mortality. Thus, identification of the burden of respiratory illness will ensure appropriate interventions towards reducing its attendant morbidity and mortality. The study was conducted to identify the burden, spectrum and outcome of respiratory diseases in hospitalized children at University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, North-Central Nigeria. Methods: A retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study involving children admitted through the emergency paediatric unit over five years (January 2013-December 2017) was conducted. Data on demography, diagnosis, comorbidities and complications, duration of admission, and outcome were collected and analyzed using SPSS 20. Results: Of the total 7012 children admitted, 1939(27.7%) were due to respiratory diseases with a median age of 16 (interquartile range {IQR} 7-36) months. Males were 994(51.3%) and 945(48.7%) females. Infectious diseases were the most common cause of admission. Pneumonia (50.1%) and aspiration pneumonitis (5.1%) accounted for the highest admissions due to infective and non-infective respiratory diseases respectively. Overall, respiratory diseases accounted for 20.7% (119/574) of the overall mortality among all admissions while the allrespiratory disease mortality was 6.1% (119/1939). The major contributors to mortality were pneumonia, aspiration pneumonitis and tuberculosis accounting for 81(68.1%), 12(10.1%) and nine (7.6%) deaths respectively. The median duration of hospital stay was four days [IQR: 2 to 6 days]. A significantly higher proportion of the deaths occurred with four days of admission and 82.4% of the deaths occurred among those aged less than five years. A higher number of females (70, 58.8%) died compared to males (49, 41.2%), p=0.05. Conclusion: Pneumonia and aspiration pneumonitis are major contributors to morbidity and mortality due to respiratory diseases for which interventions towards improving childhood health indices should be prioritized. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rasheedat Mobolaji Ibraheem, Jubril Adegboyega Aderemi, Mohammed Baba Abdulkadir, Wahab Babatunde Rotimi Johnson Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived www.elsevier.com/locate/afjem Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available afem Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 4 September 2019 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource peri irawan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource english Type The nature or genre of the resource text Jurnal Internasional Keperawatan Pattern pneumonia children respiratory disease https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/34d66220976ba62b85fcbfa39bd78136.pdf 69ec4800cd3f57a07675cde715dbe079 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 10 issue 1 2020 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 10 issue 1 2020 African Journal of Emergency Medicine Association between multivitamin supplementation and mortality among patients with Ebola virus disease: An international multisite cohort study Subject The topic of the resource Ebola virus disease Mortality Multivitamins Nutrition Liberia Sierra Leone Description An account of the resource Introduction: Micronutrient supplementation is recommended in Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) care; however, there is limited data on its therapeutic effects. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included patients with EVD admitted to five Ebola Treatment Units (ETU) in Sierra Leone and Liberia during September 2014 to December 2015. A uniform protocol was used to guide ETU care, however, due to supply limitations, only a subset of patients received multivitamins. Data on demographics, clinical characteristics, and laboratory testing was collected. The outcome of interest was facilitybased mortality and the primary predictor was multivitamin supplementation initiated within 48 h of admission. The multivitamin formulations included: thiamine, riboflavin, niacin and vitamins A, C, and D3. Propensity score models (PSM) were used to match patients based on covariates associated with multivitamin administration and mortality. Mortality between cases treated and untreated within 48 h of admission were compared using generalized estimating equations to calculate relative risk with bootstrap methods employed to assess statistical significance. Results: There were 424 patients with EVD who had sufficient treatment data for analysis, of which 261 (61.6%) had daily multivitamins initiated within 48 h of admission. The mean age of the cohort was 30.5 years and 59.4% were female. In the propensity score matched analysis, mortality was 53.5% among patients receiving multivitamins and 66.2% among patients not receiving multivitamins, resulting in a relative risk for mortality of 0.81 (p=0.03) for patients receiving multivitamins. Conclusion: Early multivitamin supplementation was associated with lower overall mortality. Further research on the impact of micronutrient supplementation in EVD is warranted. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Derrick Yam, Adam R. Aluisio, Shiromi M. Perera, Jillian L. Peters, Daniel K. Cho, Stephen B. Kennedy, Moses Massaquoi, Foday Sahr, Michael A. Smit, Lindsey Locks, Tao Liu, Adam C. Levine Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived www.elsevier.com/locate/afjem Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1 November 2019 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource peri irawan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource english Type The nature or genre of the resource text Ebola virus disease Mortality Multivitamins Nutrition Liberia Sierra Leone Jurnal Internasional Keperawatan https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/8f268e88c0c4d15a0c5a40667cae8b67.pdf 9d717eccd73d6d673c9526b48b8d5939 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 10 issue 1 2020 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol. 10 issue 1 2020 African Journal of Emergency Medicine An analysis of US Africa command area of operations military medical transportations, 2008–2018 Subject The topic of the resource Medical Evacuation Military Africa Transport Trauma Description An account of the resource Introduction: With personnel scattered throughout a continent 3 times larger than the United States, a lack of mature medical facilities necessitates a significant transportation network for medical evacuation in US Africa Command (AFRICOM). We describe medical evacuations analyzed from the US Air Force Transportation Command Regulating and Command & Control Evacuation System (TRAC2ES). Methods: We performed a retrospective review of all TRAC2ES medical records for medical evacuations from the AFRICOM theater of operations conducted between January 1, 2008 and December 31, 2018. We abstracted free text data entry in TRAC2ES for diagnostic and therapeutic interventions performed prior to the patient movement request. Results: During this time, there were 963 cases recorded in TRAC2ES originating within AFRICOM. 961 records were complete for analysis. Most patients were male (82%) and military personnel (92%). Most transports originated in Djibouti (72%), and Germany (93%) was the most common destination. Medical evacuations were largely routine (66%), and routine evacuations were proportionally highest amongst US military personnel compared to all other groups. A small portion of patients were evacuated for battle injuries (4%), compared to non-battle injury (33%) and disease (63%). Within disease, the largest proportion of patient complaints centered on gastrointestinal symptoms (13%), behavioral health (11%) and chest pain (8%). Prior to evacuation, only 55% of patients were document as receiving any medication. Pain control was documented in 21% of cases, most commonly being NSAIDs (7%). Discussion: Extremely low numbers of battle injuries highlight the unique nature of AFRICOM operations compared to areas with more intense combat operations. Limitations of the dataset highlight the need for a data collection mandate within AFRICOM as within other areas for optimization and performance improvement. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Brandon Carius, William T. Davis, Carlissa D. Linscomb, Mireya A. Escandon, Dylan Rodriguez, Nguvan Uhaa, Joseph K. Maddry, Kevin K. Chung, Steve Schauer Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived www.elsevier.com/locate/afjem Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 25 September 2019 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource peri irawan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource english Type The nature or genre of the resource text Jurnal Internasional Keperawatan Medical Evacuation Military Africa Transport Trauma