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                <text>TELKOMNIKA Telecommunication, Computing, Electronics and Control &#13;
Study on transmission over Nakagami-m fading channel for multiple access scheme without orthogonal signal </text>
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                <text>NOMA, Perfect SIC, Nakagami-m fading, Downlink</text>
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                <text>In this paper, a downlink performance in non-orthogonal multiple access&#13;
(NOMA) system is considered. With regard to different priority for two&#13;
NOMA users, we exploit the closed-form expressions of outage probability over wireless fading channel following Nakagami-m fading. The fixed power allocation factor scheme is examined to reduce the complexity in computation regarding performance analysis. In our analysis, perfect successive interference cancellation (SIC) is applied in order to achieve perfect signal decoding operation. Simulation results show that the considered NOMA downlink scheme is affected by transmit SNR, power allocation factors, fading parameters. </text>
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                <text>Chi-Bao Le, Dinh-Thuan Do</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.12928/TELKOMNIKA.v18i4.14227</text>
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                <text>Universitas Ahmad Dahlan</text>
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                <text>Sri Wahyuni</text>
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Optimal cost allocation algorithm of transmission losses to bilateral contracts </text>
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                <text>Bilateral contract transaction direct method , Economic dispatch, Fuel cost, Optimal loss cost</text>
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                <text>One of the trends in electricity reform is the involvement of bilateral contracts that will participate in electricity business development. Bilateral agreements require fair transmission loss costs compared with the integrated power system. This paper proposes a new algorithm in determining the optimal allocation of transmission loss costs for bilateral contracts based on the direct method in economic load dispatch. The calculation for an optimal power flow applies fast decoupled methods. At the same time, the determination of a fair&#13;
allocation of transmission losses uses the decomposition method.&#13;
The simulation results of the optimal allocation of power flow provide&#13;
comparable results with previous studies. This method produces a fair&#13;
allocation of optimal transmission loss costs for both integrated and bilateral parties. The proportion allocation of the transmission lines loss incurred by the integrated system and bilateral contracts reflects a fair allocation of R. 852.589 and R. 805.193, respectively. </text>
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                <text>Conny K. Wachjoe, Hermagasantos Zein, Fitria Yulistiani</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.12928/TELKOMNIKA.v18i4.14226</text>
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                <text>Universitas Ahmad Dahlan</text>
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                <text>Sri Wahyuni</text>
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                <text>TELKOMNIKA Telecommunication, Computing, Electronics and Control &#13;
Encrypting an audio file based on integer wavelet transform and hand geometry</text>
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                <text>A new algorithm suggested for audio file encryption and decryption utilizing integer wavelet transform to take advantage of the property for adaptive context-based lossless audio coding. In addition, biometrics are used to give a significant level of classification and unwavering quality because the procedure has numerous qualities and points of interest. The offered algorithm utilized many properties of hand geometry estimations as keys to encode and decode the audio file. Many tests were carried out on a set of audio files and quality metrics such as mean square error and correlations were calculated which in turn confirmed the efficiency and quality of the work. </text>
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                <text>Zeena N. Al-Kateeb, Saja J. Mohammed</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.12928/TELKOMNIKA.v18i4.14216</text>
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                <text>Universitas Ahmad Dahlan</text>
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                <text>ISSN: 1693-6930</text>
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                <text>TELKOMNIKA Telecommunication, Computing, Electronics and Control &#13;
Arabic digits speech recognition and speaker identification in noisy environment using a hybrid model of VQ and GMM </text>
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                <text>This paper presents an automatic speaker identification and speech recognition for Arabic digits in noisy environment. In this work, the proposed system is able to identify the speaker after saving his voice in the database and adding noise. The mel frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC) is the best approach used in building a program in the Matlab platform; also, the quantization is used for generating the codebooks. The Gaussian mixture modelling (GMM) algorithms are used to generate template, feature-matching purpose. In this paper, we have proposed a system based on MFCC-GMM and MFCC-VQ approaches on the one hand and by using the hybrid approach MFCC-VQ-GMM on the other&#13;
hand for speaker modeling. The white Gaussian noise is added to the clean speech at several signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) levels to test the system in a noisy environment. The proposed system gives good results in recognition rate </text>
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                <text>The main goal of this paper is to formulate power system state estimation (SE) problem as a constrained nonlinear programming problem with various constraints and boundary limits on the state variables. SE forms the heart of entire real time control of any power system. In real time environment, the state estimator consists of various modules like observability analysis, network topology processing, SE and bad data processing. The SE problem formulated in this work is solved using teaching leaning-based optimization (TLBO) technique. Difference between the proposed TLBO and the conventional optimization algorithms is that TLBO gives global optimum solution for the present problem. To show the suitability of TLBO for solving SE problem, IEEE 14 bus test system has been selected in this work. The results obtained with TLBO are also compared with conventional weighted least square (WLS) technique and evolutionary based particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique. </text>
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Plant acoustic frequency technology control system to increase vegetative growth in red-lettuce </text>
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                <text>The application of plant acoustic frequency technology (PAFT) can spur&#13;
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the shelf life of agricultural products after harvest. The application of sound waves in plants can stimulate the opening of the stomata to optimally absorb nutrients and water. This study aims to determine the effect of frequency and time of PAFT exposure by utilizing Javanese gamelan traditional music on the vegetative growth of red-lettuce (Lactuca sativa var.). Javanese gamelan music used was titled Puspawarna with variations in the frequency of 3-5, 7-9, and 11-13 kHz. The variation of exposure time of sound waves was 1, 2, and 3 hours. PAFT exposure was given routinely in the morning and evening. The results of this study indicated that the best treatment was at 3-5 kHz with an exposure time of 2 hours. This treatment gave a significantly better effect when compared to plants without PAFT. The best combination of frequency and time of PAFT exposure produced 10 leaves, plant height of 9.4 cm, wet weight of 4 g, dry weight of 0.22 g, leaf area of 27.19 cm2 , leaf red mean of 63, and stomata opening width of 145.44~206.59 μm. </text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.12928/TELKOMNIKA.v18i4.14158</text>
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                <text>Universitas Ahmad Dahlan</text>
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                <text>Sri Wahyuni</text>
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Rice seed image classification based on HOG descriptor with missing values imputation</text>
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                <text>Rice is a primary source of food consumed by almost half of world&#13;
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essential stage. In this paper, we firstly propose to use histogram of oriented gradient (HOG) descriptor to characterize rice seed images. Since the size of image is totally random and the features extracted by HOG can not be used directly by classifier due to the different dimensions. We apply several imputation methods to fill the missing data for HOG descriptor. The experiment is applied on the VNRICE benchmark dataset to evaluate the proposed approach. </text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.12928/TELKOMNIKA.v18i4.14069</text>
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                <text>Universitas Ahmad Dahlan</text>
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                <text>Sri Wahyuni</text>
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                <text>ISSN: 1693-6930</text>
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Comparative analysis of electrochemical energy storage technologies for smart grid</text>
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the renewable energy sources connected to the smart grid. Energy storage technologies will most likely improve the penetrations of renewable energy on the electricity network. Consequently, energy storage systems could be the key to finally replacing the need for fossil fuel with renewable energy. It is hard to evaluate the different types of energy storage techniques between themselves due to the fact that each technology could be used in a different way and are more like compliments. Subsequently, for the purposes of this paper, it is seen that the use of energy storage technologies will increase the supply, and balances out the demand for energy. </text>
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                <text>Surender Reddy Salkuti</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.12928/TELKOMNIKA.v18i4.14039</text>
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                <text>ISSN: 1693-6930</text>
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