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                  <text>VOL. 18, NO. 4 2020</text>
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                <text>TELKOMNIKA Telecommunication, Computing, Electronics and Control &#13;
QR code based authentication method for IoT applications using three security layers </text>
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                <text>A quick response code-based authentication method (QRAM) is proposed. QRAM is applicable for lots of internet of things (IoT) applications. QRAM aims to verify requests of such an access to IoT applications. Requests are made using a quick response code (QRC). To authenticate contents of QRC, users will scan QRC to access IoT applications. To authenticate contents of QRC, three procedures are applied. QRAM contributes to IoT automatic access systems or smart applications in terms of authentication and safety of access. QRAM is evaluated in term of security factors (e.g., authentication). Computation time of authentication procedures for several IoT applications has become a considerable issue. QRAM aims to reduce computation time&#13;
consumed to authenticate each QRC. Some authentication techniques still face difficulties when an IoT application requires fast response to users; therefore, QRAM aims to enhance so to meet real-time applications. Thus, QRAM is compared to several competitive methods used to verify QRC in term of computation time. Results confirmed that QRAM is faster than other competitive techniques. Besides, results have shown a high level of complexity in term of decryption time needed to deduce private contents of QRC. QRAM also is robust against unauthorized requests of access. </text>
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                <text>Abbas M. Al-Ghaili, Hairoladenan Kasim, Marini Othman, Wahidah Hashim</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.12928/TELKOMNIKA.v18i4.14748</text>
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                <text>Universitas Ahmad Dahlan</text>
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                <text>Sri Wahyuni</text>
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                <text>ISSN: 1693-6930</text>
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                <text>TELKOMNIKA Telecommunication, Computing, Electronics and Control </text>
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                <text>TELKOMNIKA Telecommunication, Computing, Electronics and Control &#13;
Design and modeling of solenoid inductor integrated with FeNiCo in high frequency </text>
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                <text>High frequency, Integrated, Magnetic core, Solenoid inductor</text>
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                <text>In this work, the design and modeling of the solenoid inductor are discussed. The layout of integrated inductors with magnetic cores and their geometrical parameters are developed. The quality factor Q and inductance value L are derived from the S-parameters and plotted versus frequency. The effect of solenoid inductor geometry on inductance and quality factor are studied via simulation using MATLAB. The solenoid inductor geometry parameters considered are the turn’s number, the magnetic core length, the width of a magnetic core, the gap between turns, the magnetic core thickness, the coil thickness, and solenoid inductor oxide thickness. The performance of the proposed solenoid inductor integrated with FeNiCo is compared with other solenoid inductors. </text>
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                <text>Abdelhadi Namoune, Rachid Taleb, Noureddine Mansour</text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>DOI: 10.12928/TELKOMNIKA.v18i4.12139</text>
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                <text>Universitas Ahmad Dahlan</text>
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                <text>Sri Wahyuni</text>
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                <text>ISSN: 1693-6930</text>
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                <text>TELKOMNIKA Telecommunication, Computing, Electronics and Control &#13;
Arabic digits speech recognition and speaker identification in noisy environment using a hybrid model of VQ and GMM </text>
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                <text>This paper presents an automatic speaker identification and speech recognition for Arabic digits in noisy environment. In this work, the proposed system is able to identify the speaker after saving his voice in the database and adding noise. The mel frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC) is the best approach used in building a program in the Matlab platform; also, the quantization is used for generating the codebooks. The Gaussian mixture modelling (GMM) algorithms are used to generate template, feature-matching purpose. In this paper, we have proposed a system based on MFCC-GMM and MFCC-VQ approaches on the one hand and by using the hybrid approach MFCC-VQ-GMM on the other&#13;
hand for speaker modeling. The white Gaussian noise is added to the clean speech at several signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) levels to test the system in a noisy environment. The proposed system gives good results in recognition rate </text>
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                <text>Abdelkbir Ouisaadane,  Said Safi,  Miloud Frikel</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.12928/TELKOMNIKA.v18i4.14215</text>
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                <text>Universitas Ahmad Dahlan</text>
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                <text>Sri Wahyuni</text>
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                <text>ISSN: 1693-6930</text>
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        <name>Arabic digits</name>
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                  <text>VOL. 18, NO. 4 2020</text>
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                <text>TELKOMNIKA Telecommunication, Computing, Electronics and Control &#13;
Uric acid detection in visible spectrum</text>
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                <text>Beer-Lambert law, Spectrophotometer, Uric acid</text>
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                <text>The measurement of uric acid based on the optical absorption at visible light spectrum is investigated and tested. Sensing in the visible region was conducted for determination of suitable wavelength that produces high sensitivity and accuracy performance based on the Beer-Lambert law calculation. In this work, the uric acid is detected by detecting sodium urate as a product of chemical reaction between uric acid with sodium hydroxide buffer. The setup has been tested for uric acid concentration ranging from 15 mg/dL to 85 mg/dL. Three wavelengths have been analyzed which are 460 nm, 525 nm and 630 nm. Measured data at 460nm wavelength exhibits the highest sensitivity, which is 0.0012 (mg/dL)-with 86.51% accuracy. Detection of uric acid at visible light spectrum offers a low-cost sensor based on visible LEDs and photodiode is possible to be realized. </text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.12928/TELKOMNIKA.v18i4.14993</text>
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Breakdown film script using parsing algorithm</text>
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                <text>Breakdown script is a breakdown of the scenario into parts that describe each detail of the scene for shooting. The scenario is broken down into more detailed parts using the parsing algorithm. The film script used is a script in Bahasa Indonesia. The process starts from the film script file/scenario in FBX format uploaded to the website then is solved using a parsing algorithm into film elements such as cast members, extras, props, costumes, makeup, vehicles, stunts, special effects, music and sound. The results of this breakdown into sheets according to film elements. The purpose of this research is to produce breakdown sheets from film scripts according to film elements. The parsing algorithm test results showed the correct results of 12 scenes out of 19 scenes.</text>
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                <text>Agung Wahana, Diena Rauda Ramdania, Dhanis Al Ghifari, Ichsan Taufik, &#13;
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                <text>DOI: 10.12928/TELKOMNIKA.v18i4.14849</text>
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                <text>Sri Wahyuni</text>
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                <text>ISSN: 1693-6930</text>
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End-effector wheeled robotic arm gaming prototype for upper limb coordination control in home-based therapy </text>
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                <text>The stroke patient will be having difficulty to control their upper limb, which causes their handling to become weak and unorganized. Conventional therapy designed to retrain the subject ability when it's losses due to stroke. As previous study concern that a subject with strong motivation and concentration of treatment tends to recover better than people who don't follow the program. This research focused on intensifying the training by providing user with wheel robotic arm to train their upper limb. User will be asked to do exercising on moving particular objects to another position repetitively during a specific period. The robot will help the user to assist and relearn their motoric&#13;
skill and improve muscle strength and coordination. The result of training is quite convincing when the user gives a positive response toward the practice. Around 86 percent of subject likely prefer the proposed system as their home-based rehabilitation system. The Anova testing with alpha 0.05 shows that there is no significant difference between trained subject and untrained subject on operating the wheeled robotic arm. It's mean the proposed system is reliable and user friendly to be used without an assistant so user can have more flexibility and improve their accomplishment on regaining their motoric skills. The future work will focus on stroke patient testing with more challenge&#13;
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                <text>Ahmad Hoirul Basori</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.12928/TELKOMNIKA.v18i4.3775</text>
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                <text>ISSN: 1693-6930</text>
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Identification of paddy leaf diseases based on texture analysis of Blobs and color segmentation </text>
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                <text>There are three types of paddy leaf diseases that have similar symptoms,&#13;
making it difficult for farmers to identify them, namely blast, brown-spot,&#13;
and narrow brown-spot. This study aims to identification paddy plant&#13;
diseases based on texture analysis of Blobs and color segmentation.&#13;
Blobs analysis is used to get the number of objects, area and perimeter.&#13;
Color segmentation is used to find out some color parameters of paddy leaf disease such as the color of the lesion boundary, the color of the spot of the lesion, and the color of the paddy leaf lesion. To get the best results, four methods have been chosen to obtained the threshold value, Otsu threshold value, variable threshold value, local threshold value and global threshold value. The best accuracy of the four methods using threshold variables is 90.7%. The results of this study indicate that the method used has been very satisfactory in identifying paddy plant disease. </text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.12928/TELKOMNIKA.v18i4.14614</text>
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Image transmission using visible light communication in data communication</text>
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                <text>The development of network communication technology is currently emerging rapidly, one of which is the use of LED lights that are not only used as lighting in the room but can also be used as a medium of data communication between users through light media. VLC is the latest innovation in the field of data communication that is currently being developed where light media is used in the process of sending data. The simulation of sending data using VLC can be done on the transmitter and receiver side by using Visual Studio application as an application that can visualize the process of sending data. By using this system, the process of sending data can be seen bit by bit so that the success rate of sending data can be easily seen by the user. system used Arduino Uno as microprocessor. From the test results obtained the success rate of displaying images sent by the transmitter is 100% with a maximum distance of 50 cm with an image capacity of 20 KB with a delivery time of approximately 30 minutes. </text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.12928/TELKOMNIKA.v18i4.14892</text>
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                <text>Sri Wahyuni</text>
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Machine learning based lightweight interference mitigation scheme for wireless sensor network</text>
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                <text>The interference issue is most vibrant on low-powered networks like wireless sensor network (WSN). In some cases, the heavy interference on WSN from different technologies and devices result in life threatening situations. In this paper, a machine learning (ML) based lightweight interference mitigation scheme for WSN is proposed. The scheme detects and identifies heterogeneous interference like Wifi, bluetooth and microwave oven using a lightweight feature extraction method and ML lightweight decision tree. It also provides WSN an adaptive interference mitigation solution by helping to choose packet&#13;
scheduling, Acknowledgement (ACK)-retransmission or channel switching as the best countermeasure. The scheme is simulated with test data to evaluate the accuracy performance and the memory consumption. Evaluation of the proposed scheme’s memory profile shows a 14% memory saving compared to a fast fourier transform (FFT) based periodicity estimation technique and 3% less memory compared to logistic regression-based ML model, hence proving the scheme is lightweight. The validation test shows the scheme has a high accuracy at 95.24%. It shows a precision of 100% in detecting WiFi and microwave oven interference while a 90% precision in detecting bluetooth interference. </text>
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                <text>Ali Suzain, Rozeha A. Rashid, M. A. Sarijari, A. Shahidan Abdullah, Omar A. Aziz</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.12928/TELKOMNIKA.v18i4.14879</text>
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                <text>Sri Wahyuni</text>
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Fair and trustworthy: Lock-free enhanced tendermint  blockchain algorithm</text>
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                <text>Blockchain Technology is exclusively used to make online transactions secure by maintaining a distributed and decentralized ledger of records across multiple computers. Tendermint is a general-purpose blockchain engine that is composed of two parts; Tendermint Core and the blockchain application interface. The application interface makes Tendermint suitable for a wide range of applications. In this paper, we&#13;
analyze and improve Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerant (PBFT), a consensus-based Tendermint blockchain algorithm. In order to avoid negative issues of locks, we first propose a lock-free algorithm for blockchain in which the proposal and voting phases are concurrent whereas the commit phase is sequential. This consideration in the algorithm allows parallelism. Secondly, a new methodology is used to decide the size of the voter set which is a subset of blockchain nodes, further investigating the block sensitivity and trustworthiness of nodes. Thirdly, to fairly select the voter set nodes, we employ the random walk algorithm. Fourthly, we imply the wait-freedom property by using a timeout due to which all blocks are eventually committed or aborted. In&#13;
addition, we have discussed voting conflicts and consensuses issues that are used as a correctness property, and provide some supportive techniques. </text>
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                <text>Basem Assiri, Wazir Zada Khan</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.12928/TELKOMNIKA.v18i4.15701</text>
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