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                  <text>VOL. 19, NO. 4 2021</text>
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                <text>TELKOMNIKA Telecommunication, Computing, Electronics and Control&#13;
Construction of fuzzy radial basis function neural network model for diagnosing prostate cancer</text>
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                <text>Fuzzy C-means&#13;
Fuzzy RBFNN&#13;
Prostate cancer&#13;
Singular value decomposition</text>
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                <text>In this paper, we propose a construction of fuzzy radial basis function neural&#13;
network model for diagnosing prostate cancer. A fuzzy radial basis function&#13;
neural network (fuzzy RBFNN) is a hybrid model of logical fuzzy and neural&#13;
network. The fuzzy membership function of the fuzzy RBFNN model input&#13;
is developed using the triangle function. The fuzzy C-means method is&#13;
applied to estimate the center and the width parameters of the radial basis&#13;
function. The weight estimation is performed by various ways to gain the&#13;
most accurate model. A singular value decomposition (SVD) is exploited to&#13;
address this process. As a comparison, we perform other ways including back&#13;
propagation and global ridge regression. The study also promotes image&#13;
preprocessing using high frequency emphasis filter (HFEF) and histogram&#13;
equalization (HE) to enhance the quality of the prostate radiograph. The&#13;
&#13;
features of the textural image are extracted using the gray level co-&#13;
occurrence matrix (GLCM) and gray level run length matrix (GLRLM). The&#13;
&#13;
experiment results of fuzzy RBFNN are compared to those of RBFNN&#13;
model. Generally, the performances of fuzzy RBFNN surpass the RBFNN in&#13;
all accuracy calculation. In addition, the fuzzy RBFNN-SVD demonstrates&#13;
the most accurate model for prostate cancer diagnosis.</text>
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                <text>Agus Maman Abadi, Dhoriva Urwatul Wutsqa, Nurlia Ningsih</text>
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                <text>http://journal.uad.ac.id/index.php/TELKOMNIKA</text>
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                <text>Apr 9, 2021</text>
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                <text>peri irawan</text>
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                <text>TELKOMNIKA Telecommunication, Computing, Electronics and Control&#13;
Lung cancer classification based on CT scan image by applying FCM segmentation and neural network technique</text>
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                <text>ANFIS&#13;
ELM&#13;
FCM&#13;
GLCM&#13;
KELM&#13;
Lung cancer&#13;
RNN</text>
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                <text>The number of people with lung cancer has reached approximately 2.09&#13;
million people worldwide. Out of 9.06 million cases of death, 1.76 million&#13;
people die due to lung cancer. Lung cancer can be automatically identified&#13;
using a computer-aided diagnosis system (CAD) such as image processing.&#13;
The steps taken for early detection are pre-processing feature extraction, and&#13;
classification. Pre-processing is carried out in several stages, namely grayscale&#13;
images, noise removal, and contrast limited adaptive histogram equalization.&#13;
This image feature extracted using gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM)&#13;
and classified using 2 method of neural network which is feed forward neural&#13;
network (FFNN) dan feed backward neural network (FBNN). This research&#13;
aims to obtain the best neural network model to classify lung cancer a. Based&#13;
on training time and accuracy, the best method of FFNN is kernel extreme&#13;
learning machine (KELM), with a training time of 12 seconds and an accuracy&#13;
of 93.45%, while the best method of FBNN is Backpropagation with a training&#13;
time of 18 minutes 04 seconds and an accuracy of 97.5%.</text>
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                <text>Ahmad Zoebad Foeady, Siti Ria Riqmawatin, Dian Candra Rini Novitasari</text>
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                <text>peri  irawan</text>
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                <text>TELKOMNIKA Telecommunication, Computing, Electronics and Control&#13;
Customized sorting and packaging machine</text>
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Image processing&#13;
Mechatronic system&#13;
Open CV&#13;
Packaging machine&#13;
Sorting system</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>India is a country which has a cornerstone of agriculture. And as it comes to&#13;
fruit/vegetable sorting and packaging in India, human labor has been a vital&#13;
part. With manual hand picking, it is a very laborious task to classify the&#13;
quality of fruits/vegetables and simultaneously pack them. One leading-edge&#13;
technology for the fulfilment of this purpose is ‘Image Processing’ technology&#13;
which is extremely fast and cost-efficient. Our whole idea revolves around the&#13;
fact that each fruit will be inspected, sort and simultaneously packed. For the&#13;
same, a low cost automated mechatronic system has designed consisting of a&#13;
solitary mechanical arrangement, which is controlled and synchronized&#13;
through electronic components. Fruits/vegetables are sorted as high-quality&#13;
and low-quality on the basis of physical appearance and weight. For this, a&#13;
suitable algorithm is designed using the Open CV library. And the sorting is&#13;
done using Arduino Uno and Raspberry pi. Hence the aim is to develop a&#13;
sorting and packaging facility that can be established at the very root level&#13;
itself which will be economically compact and accurate and will give more&#13;
justice to farmers.</text>
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                <text>Ashish Bhatnagar, Rachit Patel, Manan Gupta, Mayank Pal, Lakshay Kumar</text>
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                <text>Apr 20, 2021</text>
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Effect of random sampling on spectrum sensing for cognitive radio networks</text>
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                <text>Cognitive radio&#13;
Energy detector&#13;
Maximum eigenvalue&#13;
Random sampling&#13;
Spectrum sensing</text>
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                <text>Cognitive radio is a mechanism allowing dynamic access to spectrum&#13;
channels. Since its beginnings, researchers have been working on using this&#13;
inventive technology to control and manage the spectrum resources.&#13;
Consequently, this research field has been progressing rapidly and important&#13;
advances have been made. Spectrum sensing is a key function of cognitive&#13;
radios that helps prevent the harmful interference with licensed users, as well&#13;
as identifies the available spectrum to improve its utilization. Several spectrum&#13;
sensing techniques are found in scientific literature. In this paper, we&#13;
investigate the effect of the random sampling in spectrum sensing. We propose&#13;
a spectrum sensing approach based on the energy detection and on the&#13;
maximum eigenvalue detection (MED) combined with random sampling. The&#13;
performance of the proposed approach is evaluated in terms of the receiver&#13;
operating characteristics curves and in terms of the detection probability for&#13;
different values of signal to noise ratio. The obtained results are compared to&#13;
the uniform sampling case to show the added value of random sampling.</text>
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                <text>Asmaa Maali, Hayat Semlali, Sara Laafar, Najib Boumaaz, Abdallah Soulmani</text>
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causes cell death. To make the diagnosis easier for doctors, many researchers&#13;
have treated MRI images with some filters by using Matlab program to&#13;
improve the images and make them more obvious to facilitate diagnosis by&#13;
doctors. This paper introduces a digital system using hardware concepts to&#13;
clarify the brain stroke in MRI image. Field programmable gate arrays (FPGA)&#13;
is used to implement the system which is divided into four phases:&#13;
preprocessing, adjust image, median filter, and morphological filters&#13;
alternately. The entire system has been implemented based on Zynq FPGA&#13;
evaluation board. The design has been tested on two MRI images and the&#13;
results are compared with the Matlab to determine the efficiency of the&#13;
proposed system. The proposed hardware system has achieved an overall good&#13;
accuracy compared to Matlab where it ranged between 90.00% and 99.48%.</text>
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                <text>Cooperative diversity&#13;
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Relay selection&#13;
Wireless cooperative networks</text>
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                <text>Relay selection is a new method currently used to develop and improve&#13;
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technology is that it can achieve cooperative diversity gain without installing&#13;
multiple antennas in the transmitter or receiver. Relay selection algorithms&#13;
can be used to select one node to become a relay node from a set of N&#13;
candidate relays with optimization criteria as the outage probability or frame&#13;
error rate. The selection process is preferable to operate in a distributed&#13;
fashion and offers only reasonable costs in terms of manufacturing&#13;
complexity and flexible handling over wireless cooperative networks. In this&#13;
work, different relay selection schemes are proposed to enhance the&#13;
cooperative wireless networks in terms of different approaches including: 1)&#13;
relay selection-based destination feedback scheme, 2) relay selection based a&#13;
&#13;
ready-to-send/clear-to-send (RTS/CTS) messages scheme, 3) relay selection-&#13;
based identification messages (IDM) table scheme, and 4) relay selection-&#13;
based relay power consuming scheme. The experimental results via&#13;
&#13;
suggested case study show that the performance of overall cooperative&#13;
network is enhanced in terms of increasing throughput, energy saving&#13;
(efficiency maximization), blocking reduction and outage reduction (PER&#13;
minimization).</text>
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                <text>Dheyaa Jasim Kadhim, Saba Qasim Jabbar</text>
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Physical cyber-security algorithm for wireless sensor networks</text>
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                <text>Today, the wireless sensor network (WSN) plays an important role in our&#13;
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medical, greenhouse, and transport. Due to the sending data between its&#13;
nodes or to the base station requires a connection link, the sensor nodes can&#13;
be exposed to the many attacks that exploit the weaknesses of the network.&#13;
One of the most important types of these attacks is the denial of service&#13;
(DoS). DoS attack exhausts the system's resources that lead the system to be&#13;
out of service. In this paper, a cyber-security algorithm is proposed for&#13;
physical level of WSN that adopts message queuing telemetry transport&#13;
(MQTT) protocol for data transmission and networking. This algorithm&#13;
predicts the DoS attacks at the first time of happening to be isolated from the&#13;
WSN. It includes three stages of detecting the attack, predicting the effects of&#13;
this attack and preventing the attacks by excluding the predicted nodes from&#13;
the WSN. We applied a type of DoS attack that is a DoS injection attack&#13;
(DoSIA) on the network protocol. The proposed algorithm is tested by&#13;
adopting three case studies to cover the most common cases of attacks. The&#13;
experiment results show the superior of the proposed algorithm in detecting&#13;
and solving the cyber-attacks.</text>
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                <text>Dhuha Dheyaa Khudhur, Muayad Sadik Croock</text>
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Deep neural networks&#13;
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                <text>Author name disambiguation (AND), also recognized as name-identification,&#13;
has long been seen as a challenging issue in bibliographic data. In other words,&#13;
the same author may appear under separate names, synonyms, or distinct&#13;
authors may have similar to those referred to as homonyms. Some previous&#13;
research has proposed AND problem. To the best of our knowledge, no study&#13;
discussed specifically synonym and homonym, whereas such cases are the&#13;
&#13;
core in AND topic. This paper presents the classification of non-homonym-&#13;
synonym, homonym-synonym, synonym, and homonym cases by using the&#13;
&#13;
DBLP computer science bibliography dataset. Based on the DBLP raw data,&#13;
the classification process is proposed by using deep neural networks (DNNs).&#13;
In the classification process, the DBLP raw data divided into five features,&#13;
including name, author, title, venue, and year. Twelve scenarios are designed&#13;
with a different structure to validate and select the best model of DNNs.&#13;
Furthermore, this paper is also compared DNNs with other classifiers, such as&#13;
support vector machine (SVM) and decision tree. The results show DNNs&#13;
outperform SVM and decision tree methods in all performance metrics. The&#13;
DNNs performances with three hidden layers as the best model, achieve&#13;
accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, precision, and F1-score are 98.85%, 95.95%,&#13;
99.26%, 94.80%, and 95.36%, respectively. In the future, DNNs are more&#13;
performing with the automated feature representation in AND processing.</text>
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                <text>Firdaus, Siti Nurmaini, Varindo Ockta Keneddi Putra, Annisa Darmawahyuni, Reza FirsandayaMalik, Muhammad Naufal Rachmatullah, Andre Herviant Juliano, Tio Artha Nugraha</text>
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Classification using semantic feature and machine learning: Land-use case application</text>
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Feature extraction&#13;
Land-use classification&#13;
Machine learning</text>
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                <text>Land cover classification has interested recent works especially for&#13;
deforestation, urban are monitoring and agricultural land use. Traditional&#13;
&#13;
classification approaches have limited accuracy especially for non-&#13;
heterogeneous land cover. Thus, using machine may improve the classification&#13;
&#13;
accuracy. The presented paper deals with the land-use scene recognition on&#13;
very high-resolution remote sensing imagery. We proposed a new framework&#13;
based on semantic features, handcrafted features and machine learning&#13;
classifiers decisions. The method starts by semantic feature extraction using a&#13;
convolutional neural network. Handcraft features are also extracted based on&#13;
color and multi-resolution characteristics. Then, the classification stage is&#13;
processed by three learning machine algorithms. The final classification result&#13;
performed by majority vote algorithm. The idea behind is to take advantages&#13;
from semantic features and handcrafted features. The second scope is to use&#13;
the decision fusion to enhance the classification result. Experimentation results&#13;
show that the proposed method provides good accuracy and trustable tool for&#13;
land use image identification.</text>
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                <text>Hela Elmannai, Abeer Dhafer Al-Garni</text>
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An adaptive IoT architecture using combination of concept-drift and dynamic software product line engineering</text>
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                <text>Adaptive&#13;
Concept drift&#13;
Internet of things&#13;
Software architecture&#13;
Software product line</text>
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                <text>Internet of things (IoT) architecture needs to adapt autonomously to the&#13;
environment and operational to maintain their supreme services. One common&#13;
problem in the IoT architecture is to manage the reliability of data services,&#13;
such as sensors’ data, that only sending data to the collector via gateway. If&#13;
there is a disruption of services, then it is not easy to manage the system&#13;
reliability. To this, an adaptive environment which is based on software&#13;
reconfiguration creates a great challenge to provide better services. In this&#13;
work, the software product line engineering (SPLE) reconfigures the edge&#13;
devices via rules and software architecture. To identify disruption of data&#13;
services which can be detected based on anomaly and truncated data. Our work&#13;
makes use of concept drift to provide a recommendation to the system&#13;
manager. This is important to avoid misconfiguration in the system We&#13;
demonstrate our method using an open-source internet of things portal system&#13;
that integrated to a cluster of sensors which is attached to specific gateway&#13;
before the data are collected into a cloud storage for further processes. In&#13;
identifying drifting data, the adaptive sliding window (ADWIN) method&#13;
outperforms the Page-Hinkley (PH) with more selective identification and&#13;
sensitive reading.</text>
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                <text>I Made Murwantara, Pujianto Yugopuspito</text>
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