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                  <text>VOL. 18, NO. 6 2020</text>
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                <text>TELKOMNIKA Telecommunication, Computing, Electronics and Control &#13;
Raised cosine/NRZ line coding techniques for upgrading free space optical communication systems through various levels of fog </text>
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                <text>Bit stream sequence, Fog weather, FSO channel, NRZ/RZ coding, Optical amplifiers </text>
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                <text>This study examines raised cosine/NRZ line coding techniques for upgrading free space optical (FSO) communication systems through various levels of fog. The max. Q factors are simulated and estimated for clear air, light fog, and moderate fog weather conditions at a data rate of 20 Gb/s. The optical signal to noise ratio is also measured for different weather conditions. The total power after both FSO channel and avalanche photodiode (APD) photo-detector receiver is estimated by an optical power meter for max. distances. The study shows that the max. propagation distance is extended to 50 km through clear air, 2.25 km through light fog, and 1.6 km through moderate fog with acceptable max. Q factor. </text>
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                <text>Aadel M. Alatwi, Ahmed Nabih Zaki Rashed</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.12928/TELKOMNIKA.v18i6.16236</text>
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                <text>Universitas Ahmad Dahlan</text>
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                <text>Sri Wahyuni</text>
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                <text>ISSN: 1693-6930</text>
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                <text>TELKOMNIKA Telecommunication, Computing, Electronics and Control </text>
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                  <text>VOL. 18, NO. 6 2020</text>
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                <text>TELKOMNIKA Telecommunication, Computing, Electronics and Control &#13;
Power saving and optimal hybrid precoding in millimeter wave massive MIMO systems for 5G </text>
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                <text>5G, Channel state information, Hybrid precoding, Massive MIMO, Millimeter wave, Spatial modulation</text>
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                <text>The proliferation of wireless services emerging from use cases of fifth-generation (5G) technology is posing many challenges on cellular communication infrastructure. They demand to connect a massive number of devices with enhanced data rates. The massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology at millimeter-wave (mmWave) in combination with hybrid precoding emerges as a concrete tool to address the requirements of 5G network developments. But Massive MIMO systems consume significant power for network operations. Hence the prior role is to improve the energy efficiency by reducing the power consumption. This paper presents the power optimization models for massive MIMO systems considering perfect channel state nformation (CSI) and imperfect CSI. Further, this work proposes an optimal hybrid precoding solution named extended simultaneous orthogonal matching pursuit (ESOMP). Simulation results reveal that a constant sum-rate can be achieved in massive MIMO systems while significantly reducing the power consumption. The proposed extended SOMP hybrid precoder performs close to the conventional digital beamforming method. Further, modulation schemes compatible with&#13;
massive MIMO systems are outlined and their bit error rate (BER) performance is investigated.</text>
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                <text>Abdul Haq Nalband, Mrinal Sarvagya, Mohammed Riyaz Ahmed</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.12928/TELKOMNIKA.v18i6.15952</text>
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                <text>Universitas Ahmad Dahlan</text>
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                <text>Sri Wahyuni</text>
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                <text>ISSN: 1693-6930</text>
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                <text>http://journal.uad.ac.id/index.php/TELKOMNIKA</text>
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                <text>TELKOMNIKA Telecommunication, Computing, Electronics and Control </text>
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                  <text>VOL. 18, NO. 6 2020</text>
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                <text>TELKOMNIKA Telecommunication, Computing, Electronics and Control &#13;
Adopted topic modeling for business process and software component conformity checking</text>
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                <text>Business process, Document clustering, Software component, Topic modeling, Traceabilityv</text>
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                <text>Business processes and software components, especially class diagrams, have a firm connection. Considering software components support the business process in providing an excellent product and service. Besides, business process changes affect on software component design. One of them usually appears on the label or name of the software component or business process. Sometimes, a related business process and software component appears in the different label but the same meaning rather than using the same label. This situation is problematic when there are many changes to be made, in which the software component's modifying process becomes quite long. Therefore, the software maintainers should obtain an efficient procedure to shorten the modifying process. One solution is by using conformity checking, which helps the software maintainers know which software component is related to a specific business process. This paper compared two leading topic modeling techniques, namely probabilistic latent semantic analysis (PLSA) and latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA), to determine which one has a better performance for process traceability. </text>
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                <text>Adhatus Solichah Ahmadiyah, Riyanarto Sarno, Fony Revindasari</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.12928/TELKOMNIKA.v18i6.13381</text>
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                <text>Universitas Ahmad Dahlan</text>
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                <text>Sri Wahyuni</text>
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                <text>ISSN: 1693-6930</text>
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                  <text>VOL. 18, NO. 6 2020</text>
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Design and software implementation of radio frequency satellite link based on SDR under noisy channels</text>
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                <text>Noise temperature, Path loss, Radio frequency link, Software defined radio</text>
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                <text>The satellite communication provide a utilization of radio frequency links. Specific frequencies are dedicated for satellite correspondences through global administrative and coordination procedures which keeps impedance among frameworks. Over typical work, the satellite receives uplinked indicator from earth. Progressions its frequency marginally will keep away from self-intervention then re-transmits signal ahead the downlink on the land. Pathloss depicts characteristic Propagate outside the sending signal front as it goes by the space. A software defined radio (SDR) is a flexible technology that aims to replace all hardware by software to enables the design of adaptive communications systems such as changing frequencies, modulation schemes and data rates. Applied to small satellites, some of the implications are increased data throughput when down-linking or up-linking by varying communications parameters and making use of one hardware design and implementation for communicating for many missions, just by updating the software. Therefore, development time for small satellite communication systems can be reduced in the future. This paper analyzes, design and software&#13;
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Potentials of solar power plant in Waru Tua</text>
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                <text>Penajam Paser Utara Regency is located on the coast of East Kalimantan&#13;
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is 16 KW with a total solar cell of 250 Wp. </text>
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                <text>Ain Sahara, Riza Hadi Saputra, A. M Miftahul Huda</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.12928/TELKOMNIKA.v18i6.15763</text>
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                <text>Sri Wahyuni</text>
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                <text>ISSN: 1693-6930</text>
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Improved fuzzy c-means algorithm based on a novel mechanism for the formation of balanced clusters in WSNs </text>
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                <text>The clustering approach is considered as a vital method for many fields such as machine learning, pattern recognition, image processing, information retrieval, data compression, computer graphics, and others. Similarly, it has great significance in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) by organizing the sensor nodes into specific clusters. Consequently, saving energy and prolonging network lifetime, which is totally dependent on the sensor’s battery, that is considered as a major challenge in the WSNs. Fuzzy c-means (FCM) is one of classification algorithm, which is widely used in literature for this purpose in WSNs. However, according to the nature of random nodes deployment manner, on certain occasions, this situation forces this algorithm to produce unbalanced clusters, which adversely affects the lifetime of the network. To overcome this problem, a new clustering method called FCM-CM has been proposed by improving the FCM algorithm to form balanced clusters for random nodes deployment. The improvement is conducted by integrating the FCM with a centralized mechanism (CM). The proposed method will be&#13;
evaluated based on four new parameters. Simulation result shows that our proposed algorithm is more superior to FCM by producing balanced clusters in addition to increasing the balancing of the intra-distances of the clusters, which leads to energy conservation and prolonging network lifespan. </text>
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                <text>Ali Abdul-hussian Hassan, Wahidah Md Shah, Abdul-hussien Hassan Habeb, &#13;
Mohd Fairuz Iskandar Othman</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.12928/TELKOMNIKA.v18i6.14716</text>
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                <text>Sri Wahyuni</text>
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                <text>ISSN: 1693-6930</text>
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A modified Cuk DC-DC converter for DC microgrid systems</text>
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                <text>A new efficient step-up direct current- direct current (DC-DC) power&#13;
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                <text>Andriazis Dahono, Arwindra Rizqiawan, Pekik Argo Dahono</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.12928/TELKOMNIKA.v18i6.16466</text>
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                <text>Sri Wahyuni</text>
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                <text>ISSN: 1693-6930</text>
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A beamforming comparative study of least mean square, genetic algorithm and grey wolf optimization algorithms for multipath smart antenna system </text>
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                <text>Multipath environment is a limitation fact in optimized usage of wireless networks. Using smart antenna and beamforming algorithms contributed to that subscribers get a higher-gain signal and better directivity as well as reduce the consumed power for users and the mobile base stations by adjusting the appropriate weights for each element in the antenna array that leads to reducing interference and directing the main beam to wanted user. In this paper, the performance of three of beamforming algorithms in multipath environment in terms of Directivity and side lobe level reduction has been studied and compared, which are least mean square (LMS), genetic algorithm (GA) and grey wolf optimization (GWO) technique. The simulation result appears that LMS algorithm aids us to get the best directivity followed by the GWO, and we may get most sidelobe level reduction by using the GA algorithm, followed by LMS algorithm in second rank. </text>
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                <text>Asma Issa Mohsin, Asaad. S. Daghal, Adheed Hasan Sallomi</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.12928/TELKOMNIKA.v18i6.16970</text>
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                <text>Universitas Ahmad Dahlan</text>
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                <text>Sri Wahyuni</text>
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                <text>ISSN: 1693-6930</text>
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Reconfigurable ultra wideband to narrowband antenna for cognitive radio applications using PIN diode </text>
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                <text>Frequency reconfigurable antennas are very attractive for many wireless applications. They offer many advantages such as simplicity and compactness. In this electronic paper, we propose a reconfigurable antenna operating in the S and C bands. The proposed antenna uses a BAP65-02 RF diode to switch between the ultra wideband from 2.92 to 6.19 GHz to the narrowband from 2.92 to 3.93 GHz. The ultra wideband&#13;
is obtained by a partial rectangular ground plane with a symmetrical rectangular slot and the narrowband is obtained by adding a parasitic element electrically connected to the ground plane by the PIN diode when it is positively biased. This patch antenna operates in the Federal Communications Commission band (FCC) and can be used for biomedical applications such as radiometry imaging. The numerical simulation results based on the finite element method and the finite integral method show a very good agreement between them. </text>
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                <text>Aziz El Fatimi, Seddik Bri, Adil Saadi</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.12928/TELKOMNIKA.v18i6.16242</text>
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                <text>Universitas Ahmad Dahlan</text>
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                <text>Sri Wahyuni</text>
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                <text>ISSN: 1693-6930</text>
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                  <text>VOL. 18, NO. 6 2020</text>
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Classification and evaluation of digital forensic tools</text>
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                <text>Digital forensic tools (DFTs) are used to detect the authenticity of digital&#13;
images. Different DFTs have been developed to detect the forgery like (i)&#13;
forensic focused operating system, (ii) computer forensics, (iii) memory&#13;
forensics, (iv) mobile device forensics, and (v) software forensics tools&#13;
(SFTs). These tools are dedicated to detect the forged images depending&#13;
on the type of the applications. Based on our review, we found that in&#13;
literature of the DFTs less attention is given to the evaluation and analysis of the forensic tools. Among various DFTs, we choose SFTs because it is concerned with the detection of the forged digital images. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to classify the different DFTs and evaluate the software forensic tools (SFTs) based on the different features which are present in the SFTs. In our work, we evaluate the following five SFTs, i.e., “FotoForensics”, “JPEGsnoop”, “Ghiro”, “Forensically”, and “Izitru”, based on different features so that new research directions can be identified for the development of the SFTs.</text>
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                <text>Azra Parveen,  Zishan Husain Khan, Syed Naseem Ahmad</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="43929">
                <text>DOI: 10.12928/TELKOMNIKA.v18i6.15295</text>
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                <text>Universitas Ahmad Dahlan</text>
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                <text>Sri Wahyuni</text>
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                <text>ISSN: 1693-6930</text>
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