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                <text>TELKOMNIKA Telecommunication, Computing, Electronics and Control&#13;
Spark plug failure detection using Z-freq and machine learning</text>
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                <text>Engine failure&#13;
Machine learning&#13;
Misfire analysis&#13;
Statistical analysis&#13;
Z-freq</text>
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                <text>Preprogrammed monitoring of engine failure due to spark plug misfire can be&#13;
traced using a method called machine learning. Unluckily, a challenge to get&#13;
a high-efficiency rate because of a massive volume of training data is&#13;
required. During the study, these failure-generated were enhanced with a&#13;
novel statistical signal-based analysis called Z-freq to improve the&#13;
exploration. This study is an exploration of the time and frequency content&#13;
attained from the engine after it goes under a specific situation. Throughout&#13;
the trial, the misfire was formed by cutting the voltage supplied to simulate&#13;
the actual outcome of the worn-out spark plug. The failure produced by fault&#13;
signals from the spark plug misfire were collected using great sensitivity,&#13;
space-saving and a robust piezo-based sensor named accelerometer. The&#13;
achieved result and analysis indicated a significant pattern in the coefficient&#13;
value and scattering of Z-freq data for spark plug misfire. Lastly, the&#13;
simulation and experimental output were proved and endorsed in a series of&#13;
performance metrics tests using accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity for&#13;
prediction purposes. Finally, it confirmed that the proposed technique&#13;
capably to make a diagnosis: fault detection, fault localization, and fault&#13;
severity classification.</text>
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                <text>Nor Azazi Ngatiman, Mohd Zaki Nuawi, Azma Putra, Isa S. Qamber, Tole Sutikno, Mohd Hatta Jopri</text>
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                <text>http://journal.uad.ac.id/index.php/TELKOMNIKA</text>
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                <text>Nov 10, 2021</text>
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                <text>TELKOMNIKA Telecommunication, Computing, Electronics and Control&#13;
Quality control in GNSS reflectometry method for tide observations</text>
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                <text>Control quality&#13;
GNSS-R&#13;
Periodogram&#13;
Tide</text>
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                <text>Recently, the reflected signals from global navigation satellite systems&#13;
(GNSS) have been utilized to observe coastal tides, and it has been found&#13;
that this method provides promising results. Although this method is&#13;
promising, there remain problems related to accuracy of the observed tides.&#13;
The purpose of this study was to improve the accuracy by employing an&#13;
optimal spectral method in the quality control scheme. The quality control&#13;
process is carried out by setting parameters to achieve the best possible&#13;
frequency correlated with sea levels such as estimation of the noise&#13;
frequency range, frequency amplitude power selection, and selection of peak&#13;
frequency to noise ratio. The results using the data at Morotai station showed&#13;
that the amplitude power less than 5 comes from low-frequency signals and&#13;
hence it is an indicator that the Lomb-Scargle periodogram (LSP) fails to&#13;
determine the dominant frequency. In addition, the result of the peak&#13;
frequency to noise ratio shows a value of 2.7, meaning that the peak&#13;
frequency of the LSP signal is at least 2.7 times greater than the signal noise.&#13;
Quality control sensitivity settings are very effective in determining the&#13;
reflectors height coming from the sea level. The periodogram visualization&#13;
can be used to decide which LSP is significant.</text>
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                <text>Agung Syetiawan, Dudy Darmawan Wijaya, Irwan Meilano</text>
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                <text>Oct 19, 2021</text>
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                <text>TELKOMNIKA Telecommunication, Computing, Electronics and Control&#13;
Apodization sensor performance for TOPAS fiber Bragg grating</text>
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                <text>Apodization&#13;
Fiber Bragg grating&#13;
Sensitivity&#13;
Sensor&#13;
TOPAS</text>
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                <text>Optical sensors have more capabilities than electronic sensors, and therefore&#13;
&#13;
provide extraordinary developments, including high sensitivity, non-&#13;
susceptibility to electromagnetic wave disturbances, small size, and&#13;
&#13;
multiplexing. Furthermore, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) is an optical sensor&#13;
with a periodically changing grating refractive index, susceptible to strain&#13;
and temperature changes. As a sensor, FBG’s performance required to&#13;
optimize and improve the numerical apodization function and affect the&#13;
effective refractive index is considered. The grating fiber’s apodization&#13;
function can narrow the full width half maximum (FWHM) and reduce the&#13;
optical signal’s side lobes. In all the apodization functions operated by FBG,&#13;
Blackman has the highest sensitivity of 15.37143 pm/°C, followed by&#13;
Hamming and Gaussian, with 13.71429 pm/°C and 13.70857 pm/°C,&#13;
respectively, and Uniform grating fiber with the lowest sensitivity of&#13;
12.40571 pm/°C. Hamming, Uniform, and Blackman discovered the&#13;
sensitivity for a strain to be 1.17, 1.16, and 1.167 pm/microstrain,&#13;
respectively. The results obtained indicated that apodization could increase&#13;
FBG’s sensitivity to temperature and strain sensors. For instance, in terms of&#13;
other parameters, FWHM width, Hamming had the narrowest value of 0.6&#13;
nm, followed by Blackman with 0.612 nm, while Uniform had the widest&#13;
FWHM of 1.9546 nm.</text>
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                <text>Toto Saktioto, Khaikal Ramadhan, Yan Soerbakti, Romi Fadli Syahputra, Dedi Irawan, Okfalisa</text>
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                <text>Sep 11, 2021</text>
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                <text>TELKOMNIKA Telecommunication, Computing, Electronics and Control&#13;
A novel deep learning architecture for drug named entity recognition</text>
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                <text>Drug named entity recognition&#13;
Natural language processing&#13;
Residual LSTM&#13;
Sentence level embedding&#13;
Stacked Bi-LSTM</text>
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                <text>Drug named entity recognition (DNER) becomes the prerequisite of other&#13;
medical relation extraction systems. Existing approaches to automatically&#13;
recognize drug names includes rule-based, machine learning (ML) and deep&#13;
&#13;
learning (DL) techniques. DL techniques have been verified to be the state-&#13;
of-the-art as it is independent of handcrafted features. The previous DL&#13;
&#13;
methods based on word embedding input representation uses the same vector&#13;
representation for an entity irrespective of its context in different sentences&#13;
and hence could not capture the context properly. Also, identification of the&#13;
n-gram entity is a challenge. In this paper, a novel architecture is proposed&#13;
that includes a sentence embedding layer that works on the entire sentence to&#13;
efficiently capture the context of an entity. A hybrid model that comprises a&#13;
stacked bidirectional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM) with residual&#13;
LSTM has been designed to overcome the limitations and to upgrade the&#13;
performance of the model. We have contrasted the achievement of our&#13;
proposed approach with other DNER models and the percentage of&#13;
improvements of the proposed model over LSTM-conditional random field&#13;
(CRF), LIU and WBI with respect to micro-average F1-score are 11.17, 8.8&#13;
and 17.64 respectively. The proposed model has also shown promising result&#13;
in recognizing 2- and 3-gram entities.</text>
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                <text>T. Mathu, Kumudha Raimond</text>
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                <text>Oct 18, 2021</text>
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Human activity recognition for static and dynamic activity using convolutional neural network</text>
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CNN&#13;
Convolution matrix&#13;
Gyroscope&#13;
Human activity recognition&#13;
Hyperparameter</text>
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                <text>Evaluated activity as a detail of the human physical movement has become a&#13;
leading subject for researchers. Activity recognition application is utilized in&#13;
several areas, such as living, health, game, medical, rehabilitation, and other&#13;
smart home system applications. An accelerometer was popular sensors to&#13;
recognize the activity, as well as a gyroscope, which can be embedded in a&#13;
smartphone. Signal was generated from the accelerometer as a time-series data&#13;
is an actual approach like a human actifvity pattern. Motion data have acquired&#13;
in 30 volunteers. Dynamic actives (walking, walking upstairs, walking&#13;
downstairs) as DA and static actives (laying, standing, sitting) as SA were&#13;
collected from volunteers. SA and DA it's a challenging problem with the&#13;
different signal patterns, SA signals coincide between activities but with a&#13;
clear threshold, otherwise the DA signal is clearly distributed but with an&#13;
adjacent upper threshold. The proposed network structure achieves a&#13;
significant performance with the best overall accuracy of 97%. The result&#13;
indicated the ability of the model for human activity recognition purposes.</text>
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                <text>Agus Eko Minarno, Wahyu Andhyka Kusuma, Yoga Anggi Kurniawan</text>
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                  <text>VOL. 19, NO. 6 2021</text>
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Robotic dry cleaner for photovoltaic solar panels: an implemented design that evaluated in iraq's weather</text>
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Embedded system&#13;
IoT&#13;
Photovoltaic system&#13;
Portable PV cleaner&#13;
PV power mitigation</text>
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                <text>Arabian desert areas are suffered from high mitigation in the produced&#13;
photovoltaic (PV) power due to high dusty weather. This article presents a&#13;
robotic cleaner that will significantly reduce the impact of dust on the installed&#13;
PV systems in these areas. The proposed robotic cleaner is simple, low cost,&#13;
standalone, self-powered, portable, and connected to the cloud. ESP32 used as&#13;
a controller that manages the cleaning process and monitors its PV power&#13;
production, the battery's state of charge, time of the day, and weather&#13;
conditions. Thanks to the ESP32 features and its ability to connect to the cloud,&#13;
as an internet of things (IoT), via the ThingSpeak website. All the electrical,&#13;
mechanical, and electronic design aspects are presented and implemented in&#13;
this article. The results show the effectiveness and performance enhancement&#13;
due to periodic cleaning using the proposed robotic cleaner. The results also&#13;
show that the total percentage of the monthly normalized accumulated losses&#13;
for the two scheduled cleaning photovoltaic strings with a performance&#13;
improvement of 15.54% for the weekly cleaned string (WCS) 83.04% for the&#13;
never cleaned string (NCS) through the tested month.</text>
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                <text>Mahmood H. Salman, Ahmed J. Abid, Adel A. Obed</text>
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