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                <text>TELKOMNIKA Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control&#13;
Efficient 2D NZCC/MD code for SAC-OCDMA systems based on direct spectral/spatial dimension detection and WF</text>
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                <text>1D/2D&#13;
Hybrid&#13;
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&#13;
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access&#13;
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                <text>One dimensional (1D) spectral amplitude coding-optical code division&#13;
multiple access (SAC-OCDMA) systems are generally known by a strict&#13;
limitation in the number of users that can simultaneously connect. A main&#13;
solution to overcome this drawback consists of constructing a two-dimensional (2D) structure using a new hybrid spectral/spatial code through combining a one dimensional new zero cross correlation code (NZCC) to a one dimensional multi-diagonal code (1D MD) to easily provide null cross-correlation properties and totally remove the multiple access interferences. Accordingly, this research paper describes an easy and fast technique to construct a hybrid two-dimensional NZCC-MD code based on a non diagonal matrix for SAC-OCDMA systems with direct spectral/spatial dimension (SDD) detection technique and water-filling (WF) optimization. The novel code presents many advantages such&#13;
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VIKOR analysis in determining creditworthiness</text>
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                <text>Creditworthiness&#13;
Decision support system&#13;
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                <text>Nowadays people are increasingly inclined to buy motorized vehicles&#13;
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Design zigzag edge of S shape slot antenna by using SIW technology for 5G application</text>
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Millimeter wave&#13;
Substrate integrated waveguide&#13;
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Zigzag slot</text>
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                <text>This study offers a 5G substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) antenna with vertical S zigzag shape slot. The suggested antenna's radiating patch depends on the shape of the slot. Two types of slots have been used, straight and zigzag S shape slot with vertical and horizontal direction, slots are etched on the patch to increase the antenna's overall bandwidth and gain. The suggested straight and zigzag SIW S slot antennas both resonate at 28 GHz, and the overall structure size is 7.10×14.93 mm. The presented design could achieve high gain, efficiency, and minimal losses, which are all important concerns. The presented antenna may produce a gain of 9.48 dB, a 95% efficiency, and a wider bandwidth of no less than 3.25 GHz at 28 GHz. </text>
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                <text>Alaa Abd Ali Hadi, Essam Hamoodi Ahmed, Baydaa Hadi Saoudi, Yaqdhan Mahmood Hussein, Tabarek Alwan Tuib</text>
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Understanding the factors influencing the adoption of e-wallets by Malaysian youth</text>
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Social security&#13;
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                <text>E-wallets have become increasingly popular around the world. This research was conducted to study the relationship between the factors and adoption of e-wallet. The population that involved in this research is youths at Teluk Intan, Perak. This study will investigate the relationship between independent variable with dependent variable. The independent variables for this research are social influence, perceived security and trust while the dependent variable is adoption of e-wallet. To ensure that the study purpose is archived, quantitative research was used for the analysis to analyse the result and the sampling technique. A set of 379 questionnaire will be used to collect data from the selected respondent among youths at Teluk Intan, Perak. The 379 respondents were from different age, gender and hometown. Thus, this research is to identify the factors that affecting the adoption of E-wallet among youths at Teluk Intan, Perak. The result for this research has been proven by using the reliability analysis, descriptive analysis and Pearson’s correlation. All hypothesis also approved for this research. According this research, the factors of social influence, perceived security and trust were significant and it influence the youths towards the adoption of e-wallet. </text>
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                <text>Muhammad Naqib Mat Yunoh, Nurul Syahirah Mohamed Hashim, Zulkarami Che Musa, Mahathir Muhamad, Abd Aziz Mat Hassan, Norzalizah Bahari </text>
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Human activity tracking using wearable sensors in loose-fitting clothes: survey</text>
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Human tracking&#13;
Internet of things&#13;
Loose-fitting clothes&#13;
Wearable technology</text>
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                <text>Human activity tracking using wearable technology is an important research field of study and is employed in many applications such as healthcare, aged care, fitness, and tracking activity. Although this field has been well addressed by researchers in the last decade that most of the research is done with tightly fixed sensors (either to the body or to the tight garment), while in contrast, the majority of our daily clothes are loosely fitting so we must be interested in this fields but the main challenge in tracking/recognizing activities in loose clothing is the higher level of noise generated by the movement of clothing compared fixed sensor. This paper reviews recent research on human activity tracking techniques that use sensors that are attached or embedded in loose-fitted clothes. It is predicted from recent studies that many low-cost, reliable, and socially acceptable wearable devices will be available to aid activity tracking. Survey also predicts an increase in the interest for wearables in loose-fitting clothes due to their wide real-time applications. Most of the reviewed work based heavily on off-shelf&#13;
microcontroller board and sensor, which are characterized by their moderate performance. Hence most of the reviewed work used machine learning to enhance results classification. </text>
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Sliding mode control of a PMSM railway traction drive fed by multi-level inverter</text>
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                <text>Field-oriented control&#13;
Permanent magnet synchronous&#13;
motor&#13;
Railway traction&#13;
Sliding mode control&#13;
T-type inverter</text>
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                <text>This work offers the sliding mode control (SMC) based control scheme for a railway traction transmission system fed by a five-level T-type inverter. This nonlinear control approach is created for the speed and torque loop control of the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) railway traction drive system supplied by a multi-level inverter. The article also includes a mathematical model of a PMSM motor and torque load to design controllers. The paper expressed the vector voltage modulation design incorporating a five-level T-Type inverter. The research proposes a control scheme for the railway traction drive system that enhances transmission quality by lowering the torque ripper and stator current harmonic distortion and extending converter life. Through MATLAB simulation, the study findings are validated. </text>
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                <text>Vo Thanh Ha, Vo Quang Vinh</text>
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        <name>motor Railway traction</name>
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                  <text>VOL. 21, NO. 6 2023</text>
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                <text>TELKOMNIKA Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control&#13;
Optimization of an ANN-based speed and position estimator for an FOC-controlled PMSM using genetic algorithm</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="49379">
                <text>Artificial neural networks&#13;
Genetic algorithm&#13;
PMSM&#13;
Sensorless field oriented&#13;
control</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>To further improve the performance of sensorless permanent magnet&#13;
synchronous motor (PMSM) implementations, this study develops a neural network-based estimator for the speed and position estimation of a PMSM using field oriented control (FOC) as its control scheme. The proposed neural network’s hyperparameters are optimized using genetic algorithm. The neural network is trained and optimized based on a training dataset obtained from the Simulink simulation of the motor control system. The hyperparameters optimized include the training algorithm parameters, batch size, and the number of hidden layers and the corresponding neurons. The proposed estimator performed with better estimation accuracy than conventional estimators such as the sliding mode observer (SMO), model reference adaptive system (MRAS), and two other neural network configurations. The qualifications were made on steady-state and dynamic conditions. In terms of efficiency, the proposed estimator has a relatively lower power consumption but still falls short of the power drawn when using an actual sensor. The qualification process verified that the optimization of the neural network’s hyperparameters using genetic algorithm can provide a better performance in the estimation of motor parameters in sensorless motor&#13;
applications. </text>
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                <text>Juan Paolo Quismundo, Edwin Sybingco, Maria Antonette Roque, Alvin Chua, Leonard Ambata</text>
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                <text>http://telkomnika.uad.ac.id</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="49384">
                <text>peri irawan</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="49386">
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        <name>Artificial neural networks</name>
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        <name>Genetic algorithm</name>
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        <name>Jurnal Nasional Informatika</name>
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        <name>PMSM</name>
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Geographical and maximum distance on-demand routing algorithm G-MDORA</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="49389">
                <text>Application unit&#13;
Intelligent transportation system&#13;
Mobile ad-hoc network&#13;
On-board unit&#13;
Roadside units&#13;
Vehicle to vehicle&#13;
Vehicular ad hoc network</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>A vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) is an intelligent technology that allows efficient communication, secure data transmission, and traffic management. VANET allows vehicles in the network to communicate wirelessly with roadside units (RSUs) or between vehicles within a coverage area. The primary goal of adopting VANET is to reduce the frequency of accidents in specific urban regions drastically. It has a significant impact on passenger safety and the ability of drivers to drive safely in metropolitan areas. As the number of cars on the road grows, so does the number of accidents. As a result, a better traffic system is required to address this issue. VANET is a cutting-edge network that primarily delivers intelligent transportation system (ITS) services to end-users to facilitate data exchange and ensure safety. In this paper, we propose geographical and maximum distance on-demand routing algorithm (G-MDORA) that combines the advantages of geographic routing protocol (GRP) and MDORA protocol for Ad hoc routing between vehicle to vehicle (V2V). Our proposed model provides an idea that can be used to improve the performance of the GRP and MDORA protocol. Moreover, the performance of the G-MDORA, GRP, and MDORA protocol was compared in terms of end-to-end delay, communication overhead, throughput, and packet loss ratio. </text>
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                <text>Dania Mohammed, Muhamad Mansor, Goh Chin Hock</text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>http://telkomnika.uad.ac.id</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>Apr 30, 2023</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="49394">
                <text>peri irawan</text>
              </elementText>
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            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="49395">
                <text>pdf</text>
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          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="49396">
                <text>english</text>
              </elementText>
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            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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        <name>Application unit</name>
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        <name>Intelligent transportation system</name>
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        <name>Jurnal Nasional Informatika</name>
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                  <text>VOL. 21, NO. 6 2023</text>
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    <elementSetContainer>
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              <elementText elementTextId="49398">
                <text>TELKOMNIKA Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control&#13;
Enhancing of coverless image steganography capacity based on image block features</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>Block dividing&#13;
Coverless steganography&#13;
Hashing generation&#13;
Hiding capacity&#13;
Information hiding</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="49400">
                <text>The idea of coverless information hiding has seen a great deal of development since it was initially introduced due to its effectiveness in&#13;
defeating steganalysis tools. However, the capacity for general coverless&#13;
information hiding methods to conceal information is limited, as well as no previous methods worked at the other requirements such as robustness. In this paper, a coverless image steganography (CIS) method for increasing capacity is proposed while retaining the robustness. The proposed method consists of several steps. Firstly, the secret data is segmented into segments of the n length. Secondly, a suitable image that has features similar to the secret message is selected and divided into non-overlapping blocks. Thirdly, these blocks are transformed into the frequency domain by applying discreet wavelet transform (DWT). Fourthly, building a hash sequence table using a suggested hashing algorithm. Fifthly, to reduce search time an indexing table is built based on the generated hash sequence. Sixthly, match each segment with the generated hash sequences and save the auxiliary information for each matched segment in the image in a file. Lastly, send the stego image and the auxiliary information file to the receiver. The experimental results&#13;
show that the CIS method produces high capacity compared with revious&#13;
CIS methods. </text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="49401">
                <text>Hadeel Talib Mangi, Suhad A. Ali, Majid Jabbar Jawad</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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Combination time-frequency and empirical wavelet transform methods for removal of composite noise in EMG signals</text>
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Choi-Williams&#13;
Electromyography&#13;
Empirical wavelet transform&#13;
ICEEMDAN&#13;
Periodogram&#13;
Smoothed pseudo Wigner-Ville</text>
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                <text>Electromyography (EMG) is a technique used to measure the electrical&#13;
activity in muscles during movement. Doctors commonly employ this method to quickly evaluate and identify conditions such as muscle problems, dystrophy, and neuropathies. The main objective of this study was to provide a reliable and effective method for preprocessing EMG signals. EMG signals are often affected by natural noise, which can make analysis challenging. To address this issue, a new method called the empirical wavelet transform (EWT) was used in this study to remove and clean the noise. Conventional methods like time domain and frequency domain analysis are limited when dealing with the non-stationary nature of EMG signals, as they do not provide sufficient information about the signals. Therefore, a time-frequency analysis tool was necessary. This research employed three time-frequency analysis techniques: periodogram, Choi-Williams, and smoothed pseudo-Wigner-Ville. The denoising and time-frequency applications demonstrated that the&#13;
periodogram and EWT methods outperformed other previously published techniques regarding performance and accuracy. The results indicate the effectiveness of the periodogram and EWT methods in achieving this objective. </text>
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