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                <text>subsidi energi, elpiji, kebijakan publik, reformasi kebijakan</text>
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                <text>Ketergantungan terhadap energi fosil yang diimpor menjadi salah satu tantangan ketahanan energi nasional. Pada  tahun  2007  pemerintah  melaksanakan  kebijakan  konversi  minyak  tanah  ke  elpiji  untuk  mengurangi  ketergantungan terhadap energi fosil yang diimpor. Kebijakan tersebut awalnya berjalan dengan baik namun dalam jangka panjang kebijakan subsidi elpiji justru menimbulkan dampak sebaliknya. Studi ini menggunakan pendekatan analisis deskriptif dari berbagai dokumen dan data yang sudah dipublikasikan maupun yang tidak, yang diperoleh dari proses observasi partisipatif, wawancara, dan diskusi. Analisis terhadap agregasi Data Terpadu Kesejahteraan Sosial (DTKS) dan hasil olahan data Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional (SUSENAS) juga dilakukan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan subsidi elpiji menyebabkan ketergantungan masyarakat terhadap komoditas energi fosil yang sebagian besar diimpor, memberatkan anggaran pemerintah, konsumsinya terus meningkat dan disubsidi pemerintah  dalam  jumlah  yang  sangat  besar.  Ironisnya,  sebagian  besar  subsidi  dinikmati  oleh  kelompok  kaya,  sementara masyarakat miskin tetap menggunakan sumber bahan bakar alternatif seperti kayu bakar yang tidak ramah lingkungan dan berbahaya bagi kesehatan. Kelompok yang seharusnya berhak mendapatkan subsidi elpiji justru tereksklusi, termasuk kelompok perempuan kepala keluarga, penyandang disabilitas, dan kelompok lansia.  Kondisi ini terjadi akibat paradigma kebijakan subsidi berbasis komoditas. Jika tidak ada perubahan kebijakan, konsumsi elpiji akan terus melambung tinggi, semakin meningkatkan ketergantungan terhadap energi fosil yang diimpor, dan melebarkan ketimpangan akses energi antara masyarakat miskin dan kaya. Perubahan paradigma kebijakan  subsidi  elpiji  dari  subsidi  berbasis  komoditas  menjadi  subsidi  rumah  tangga  bersasaran  langsung,  merupakan solusi yang dapat dilakukan pemerintah untuk memperbaiki kondisi kebijakan saat ini. Meskipun akan terdapat tantangan dalam implementasi, pemerintah telah mampu memenuhi sebagian kondisi yang dipersyaratkan dalam perubahan kebijakan tersebut, termasuk ketersediaan data rumah tangga miskin dan rentan yang akurat, serta tersedianya mekanisme transfer subsidi dan teknologi penyaluran. Jika perubahan kebijakan ini dapat dilakukan, beberapa manfaat akan diperoleh termasuk perbaikan ketepatan sasaran subsidi, penghematan anggaran subsidi yang dapat dialokasikan untuk program produktif lain, meningkatnya inklusivitas gender dan sosial dalam kebijakan subsidi, serta kontribusi terhadap pemanfaatan energi alternatif dan pengembangan ekonomi lokal.</text>
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                <text>Ruddy Kaharudin Gobel1, Bambang Shergi Laksmono2, Martani Huseini3, Mia Siscawati</text>
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                <text>Penelitian  mengenai  peran  infrastruktur  transportasi  (jalan,  pelabuhan,  dan  bandar  udara)  terhadap  pengembangan wilayah selama ini pada umumnya masih pada tingkat makro (nasional dan regional). Penelitian ini membahas dampak infrastruktur transportasi terhadap pengembangan wilayah pada tingkat mikro, yaitu terhadap produktivitas tenaga kerja industri manufaktur. Dengan menggunakan data industri manufaktur Indonesia tahun 2017,  penelitian  ini  menunjukkan  adanya  pengaruh  positif  dari  infrastruktur  transportasi  jalan  dan  pelabuhan  terhadap produktivitas tenaga kerja industri manufaktur. Adapun infrastruktur transportasi bandar udara tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap produktivitas tenaga kerja industri manufaktur. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan perbedaan  dampak  infrastruktur  transportasi  pada  perusahaan  yang  berlokasi  di  Pulau  Jawa  dengan  perusahaan  yang berlokasi di luar Pulau Jawa, serta perusahaan yang dikategorikan sebagai industri besar dengan perusahaan yang dikategorikan sebagai industri sedang.</text>
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                <text>Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Indonesia</text>
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                <text>Fenomena kemiskinan di wilayah perkotaan dan perdesaan memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi status kesejahteraan rumah tangga di 4 kategori wilayah di Kabupaten Pidie. Pembagian kategori wilayah didasarkan pada persentase wilayah perkotaan pada sebuah kecamatan yaitu kategori 1 (&lt; 1%), kategori 2 (1%–10%), kategori 3 (10%–90%) dan kategori 4 (&gt; 90%). Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder dari TPN2K dengan jumlah sampel 30.156 rumah tangga. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan  metode  Multivariate  Adaptive  Regression  Spline(MARS).  Hasil  penelitian  menunjukkan  bahwa  jumlah anggota keluarga dan kepemilikan sepeda motor merupakan faktor yang memengaruhi status kesejahteraan rumah tangga di semua kategori wilayah. Selain kedua faktor tersebut, faktor lain yang berpengaruh pada kategori 1 adalah kepemilikan lemari es/kulkas dan mobil. Sedangkan untuk kategori 2, faktor tambahannya adalah jenis atap dan lantai terluas, kepemilikan lemari es/kulkas, dan jumlah keluarga. Kepemilikan lemari es/kulkas, mobil, dan komputer/laptop merupakan 3 faktor tambahan yang memengaruhi kategori 3. Adapun untuk kategori 4, faktor lainnya adalah jenis dinding, lantai dan atap terluas serta kepesertaan program keluarga harapan (PKH). Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pembagian wilayah perdesaan dan perkotaan berperan penting dalam menentukan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi status kesejahteraan rumah tangga di Kabupaten Pidie</text>
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                <text>Dwi Astiti Syahbani1, Samsul Anwar2*, Nany Salwa3</text>
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                <text>https://ejournal.brin.go.id/JEP/issue/view/93</text>
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                <text>Jurusan Statistika,FMIPA, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh</text>
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                  <text>Vol. 31 No. 1 (2023)</text>
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                <text>ESTIMATING INTERGENERATIONAL INCOME MOBILITY IN INDONESIA</text>
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                <text>Intergenerational income mobility; intergenerational elasticity; equality of opportunity</text>
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                <text>This study estimates the intergenerational income mobility in Indonesia using data from the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 5th of the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS). Intergenerational income mobility is proxied by intergenerational elasticity, which measures the correlation between parents and their children’s incomes. Intergenerational elasticity is also regarded as a measure of equality of opportunity. The estimates in this study suggest that intergenerational elasticity for father-son pairs in Indonesia is between 0.44 and 0.50. Compared to other ASEAN countries, Indonesia is  less  mobile  than  Singapore  but  more  mobile  than  Malaysia.  Further  analyses  of  the  income  mobility  matrix  indicate relatively low mobility for individuals in the upper-income quartile and medium mobility for individuals in the lower-income quartile</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="54881">
                <text>Muhammad Imam Adli1, Gumilang Aryo Sahadewo2</text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>https://ejournal.brin.go.id/JEP/issue/view/93</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="54883">
                <text>Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Gadjah Mada</text>
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            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>Fajar bagus W</text>
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                  <text>Vol. 31 No. 1 (2023)</text>
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                  <text>https://ejournal.brin.go.id/JEP/issue/view/93</text>
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                  <text>INDONESIA</text>
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                <text>EVIDENCE ON STRUCTURE CONDUCT PERFORMANCE PARADIGM IN THE INDONESIAN BOTTLED WATER INDUSTRY: A LONGITUDINAL CASE STUDY</text>
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                <text>tructure-conduct-performance, bottled water industry, internal efficiency, price-cost margins,quiet-life hypothesis</text>
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                <text>Bottled water has become popular due to its quality and affordability. The industry’s homogeneity encourages competition, leading to various business behaviors. This study analyzes the bottled water industry in Indonesia, focusing on market structure, conduct, and performance, as well as the relationship between these factors and internal efficiency. Using fixed-effects (within) IV regression and large and medium manufacturing industry survey data, this study found a simultaneous relationship between market concentration, internal efficiency, and price-cost margin, with all SCP variables significantly affecting each other. The results show that market concentration, internal efficiency, and market growth positively and significantly affect price-cost margins. The four-firm concentration ratio has fluctuated with a downward trend over time. Due to changing laws and regulations, the bottled water market structure shifted from a tight oligopoly to a loose oligopoly between 1990 and 2005, and then to effective competition from 2006 to 2014. The findings support the quiet-life hypothesis and the efficient-structure hypothesis, which suggest that firms with significant market power that exist in a highly concentrated market will quietly generate high profits with no pressure or incentive to improve efficiency, whereas a firm with a low-cost structure can increase profits by lowering prices and increasing market share</text>
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                <text>Muhammad Faishal Akbar Dwiputra1, dan Estro Dariatno Sihaloho</text>
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                <text>https://ejournal.brin.go.id/JEP/issue/view/93</text>
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                <text>Department of Economics, Universitas Padjadjaran</text>
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