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                <text>Weighted scoringRules: Emphasizing Particular Outcomes When Evaluating Probabilistic Forecasts</text>
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                <text>: forecast evaluation, probabilistic forecasting, proper scoring rules, R</text>
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                <text>When predicting future events, it is common to issue forecasts that are probabilistic,&#13;
in the form of probability distributions over the range of possible outcomes. Such forecasts&#13;
can be evaluated using proper scoring rules. Proper scoring rules condense forecast performance into a single numerical value, allowing competing forecasters to be ranked and&#13;
compared. To facilitate the use of scoring rules in practical applications, the scoringRules&#13;
package in R provides popular scoring rules for a wide range of forecast distributions. This&#13;
paper discusses an extension to the scoringRules package that additionally permits the&#13;
implementation of popular weighted scoring rules. Weighted scoring rules allow particular&#13;
outcomes to be targeted during forecast evaluation, recognizing that certain outcomes are&#13;
often of more interest than others when assessing forecast quality. This introduces the&#13;
potential for very flexible, user-oriented evaluation of probabilistic forecasts. We discuss&#13;
the theory underlying weighted scoring rules, and describe how they can readily be implemented in practice using scoringRules. Functionality is available for weighted versions&#13;
of several popular scoring rules, including the logarithmic score, the continuous ranked&#13;
probability score, and the energy score. Two case studies are presented to demonstrate&#13;
this, whereby weighted scoring rules are applied to univariate and multivariate probabilistic forecasts in the fields of meteorology and economic</text>
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                <text>Sam Allen</text>
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                <text>https://www.jstatsoft.org/article/view/v110i08</text>
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                <text>ETH Zürich</text>
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                <text>Fajar bagus W</text>
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                  <text>VOLUME 110 Tahun 2024</text>
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                <text>cubble: An R Package for Organizing and Wrangling Multivariate Spatio-Temporal Data</text>
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                <text>cubble: An R Package for Organizing and Wrangling Multivariate Spatio-Temporal Data</text>
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                <text>Multivariate spatio-temporal data refers to multiple measurements taken across space&#13;
and time. For many analyses, spatial and time components can be separately studied: for&#13;
example, to explore the temporal trend of one variable for a single spatial location, or to&#13;
model the spatial distribution of one variable at a given time. However for some studies,&#13;
it is important to analyze different aspects of the spatio-temporal data simultaneously,&#13;
for instance, temporal trends of multiple variables across locations. In order to facilitate&#13;
the study of different portions or combinations of spatio-temporal data, we introduce a&#13;
new class, cubble, with a suite of functions enabling easy slicing and dicing on different&#13;
spatio-temporal components. The proposed cubble class ensures that all the components&#13;
of the data are easy to access and manipulate while providing flexibility for data analysis.&#13;
In addition, the cubble package facilitates visual and numerical explorations of the data&#13;
while easing data wrangling and modelling. The cubble class and the tools implemented&#13;
in the package are illustrated with examples from climate data analysis.</text>
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                <text>H. Sherry Zhang</text>
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                <text>https://www.jstatsoft.org/article/view/v110i07</text>
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                <text>Monash University&#13;
University of Texas at Austin</text>
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                <text>Fajar bagus W</text>
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                  <text>VOLUME 110 Tahun 2024</text>
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                <text>sparsegl: An R Package for Estimating Sparse Group Lasso</text>
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                <text>: generalized linear model, regularization, sequential strong rule, sparse matrix</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>The sparse group lasso is a high-dimensional regression technique that is useful for&#13;
problems whose predictors have a naturally grouped structure and where sparsity is encouraged at both the group and individual predictor level. In this paper we discuss a new&#13;
R package for computing such regularized models. The intention is to provide highly optimized solution routines enabling analysis of very large datasets, especially in the context&#13;
of sparse design matrices.</text>
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                <text>Xiaoxuan Liang</text>
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                <text>https://www.jstatsoft.org/article/view/v110i06</text>
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                <text>University of British Columbia</text>
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                <text>Fajar bagus W</text>
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                <text>bayesnec: An R Package for Concentration-Response Modeling and Estimation of Toxicity Metrics</text>
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                <text>: concentration-response, no-effect-concentration, Bayesian, non-linear modeling.</text>
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                <text>The bayesnec package has been developed for R to fit concentration (dose)-response&#13;
curves (CR) to toxicity data for the purpose of deriving no-effect-concentration (NEC), nosignificant-effect-concentration (NSEC), and effect-concentration (of specified percentage&#13;
“x”, ECx) thresholds from non-linear models fitted using Bayesian Hamiltonian Monte&#13;
Carlo (HMC) via R packages brms and rstan or cmdstanr. In bayesnec it is possible to fit&#13;
a single model, custom model-set, specific model-set or all of the available models. When&#13;
multiple models are specified, the bnec() function returns a model weighted average&#13;
estimate of predicted posterior values. A range of support functions and methods is also&#13;
included to work with the returned single, or multi-model objects that allow extraction&#13;
of raw, or model averaged predicted, NEC, NSEC and ECx values and to interrogate&#13;
the fitted model or model-set. By combining Bayesian methods with model averaging,&#13;
bayesnec provides a single estimate of toxicity and associated uncertainty that can be&#13;
directly integrated into risk assessment frameworks.</text>
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                <text>Rebecca Fisher</text>
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                <text>https://www.jstatsoft.org/article/view/v110i05</text>
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                <text>Australian Institute of Marine Science</text>
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                <text>Fajar bagus W</text>
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                <text>fairadapt: Causal Reasoning for Fair Data Preprocessing</text>
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                <text>Machine learning algorithms are useful for various prediction tasks, but they can also&#13;
learn how to discriminate, based on gender, race or other sensitive attributes. This realization gave rise to the field of fair machine learning, which aims to recognize, quantify&#13;
and ultimately mitigate such algorithmic bias. This manuscript describes the R package&#13;
fairadapt, which implements a causal inference preprocessing method. By making use of&#13;
a causal graphical model alongside the observed data, the method can be used to address&#13;
hypothetical questions of the form “What would my salary have been, had I been of a&#13;
different gender/race?”. Such individual level counterfactual reasoning can help eliminate&#13;
discrimination and help justify fair decisions. We also discuss appropriate relaxations&#13;
which assume that certain causal pathways from the sensitive attribute to the outcome&#13;
are not discriminatory.</text>
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                <text>Priors allow us to robustify inference and to incorporate expert knowledge in Bayesian&#13;
hierarchical models. This is particularly important when there are random effects that&#13;
are hard to identify based on observed data. The challenge lies in understanding and&#13;
controlling the joint influence of the priors for the variance parameters, and makemyprior&#13;
is an R package that guides the formulation of joint prior distributions for variances. A&#13;
joint prior distribution is constructed based on a hierarchical decomposition of the total&#13;
variance in the model along a tree, and takes the entire model structure into account.&#13;
Users input their prior beliefs or express ignorance at each level of the tree. Prior beliefs&#13;
can be general ideas about reasonable ranges of variance values and need not be detailed&#13;
expert knowledge. The constructed priors lead to robust inference and guarantee proper&#13;
posteriors. A graphical user interface facilitates construction and assessment of different&#13;
choices of priors through visualization of the tree and joint prior. The package aims to&#13;
expand the toolbox of applied researchers and make priors an active component in their&#13;
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                <text>Performing inference in statistical models with an intractable likelihood is challenging,&#13;
therefore, most likelihood-free inference (LFI) methods encounter accuracy and efficiency&#13;
limitations. In this paper, we present the implementation of the LFI method robust&#13;
optimization Monte Carlo (ROMC) in the Python package elfi. ROMC is a novel and&#13;
efficient (highly-parallelizable) LFI framework that provides accurate weighted samples&#13;
from the posterior. Our implementation can be used in two ways. First, a scientist may&#13;
use it as an out-of-the-box LFI algorithm; we provide an easy-to-use API harmonized with&#13;
the principles of elfi, enabling effortless comparisons with the rest of the methods included&#13;
in the package. Additionally, we have carefully split ROMC into isolated components for&#13;
supporting extensibility. A researcher may experiment with novel method(s) for solving&#13;
part(s) of ROMC without reimplementing everything from scratch. In both scenarios, the&#13;
ROMC parts can run in a fully-parallelized manner, exploiting all CPU cores. We also&#13;
provide helpful functionalities for (i) inspecting the inference process and (ii) evaluating&#13;
the obtained samples. Finally, we test the robustness of our implementation on some&#13;
typical LFI examples.&#13;
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                <text>Fajar bagus W</text>
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                <text>: anomaly detection, point anomaly, collective anomaly, BARD, CAPA, PASS.</text>
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                <text>One of the contemporary challenges in anomaly detection is the ability to detect,&#13;
and differentiate between, both point and collective anomalies within a data sequence or&#13;
time series. The anomaly package has been developed to provide users with a choice of&#13;
anomaly detection methods and, in particular, provides an implementation of the recently&#13;
proposed collective and point anomaly family of anomaly detection algorithms. This&#13;
article describes the methods implemented whilst also highlighting their application to&#13;
simulated data as well as real data examples contained in the package.</text>
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                <text>Fajar bagus W</text>
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