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                  <text>VOL. 10 NO. 6 (2021) DECEMBER 2021</text>
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                <text>Development of an Android Mobile App f&#13;
or Real&#13;
Tim e Maize Stem Borers Monitoring i n Precision&#13;
Farming</text>
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                <text>Android Studio, Kotlin, Maize Stemborers, Spodoptera Species</text>
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                <text>Development of an Android mobile app for real time maize stem borers’ monitoring in precision agriculture is presented. In farmland, cultivated maize requires farmers’ constant care and monitoring during the developing stage to avoid sudden attack of insect pests such as stem borers in the field. The maize monitoring process taken by farmers to ensure attack free and healthy growth is very strenuous and time consuming. The sudden invasion of the Spodoptera species (stem borers) to maize farm early 2016 caused huge loss to farmers and imposed food scarcity in the land. These species are hardly distinguished from one another by farmers in the farm because they look alike in appearance. Rural farmers do not know the right insecticides to apply for the effective control of these species. These issues kept on lingering and now have become serious concern to farmers. Hence, this work is to bridge the gap by providing android mobile app that would enable farmers to effectively monitor these species remotely. The mobile app architecture consists of various sections such as captured insects, categories of spodoptera species, insect pest population plots, determination of economic injury level (EIL) and economic threshold (ET), and control measure was successfully designed. The mobile app structure and behavior were also designed using Unified Modeling Language (UML). The maize Stem borers App was developed in android studio using Kotlin programming language. The App is linked to the cloud server where all the captured and recognized species are stored for downloading and farmers’ visualization. The Internet of Things (IoT) hardware was setup in the maize farm which captured these targeted insect pests, processed via Nividia Jetson Nano and sent to the cloud server. The mobile App synchronized successfully with the cloud server and could download stored maize insect pests in the farmer’s Android phone.</text>
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                <text>Ezeofor Chukwunazo Joseph</text>
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                <text>www.ijcit.com</text>
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                <text>December 2021</text>
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                <text>peri irawan</text>
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                <text>english</text>
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                  <text>VOL. 10 NO. 6 (2021) DECEMBER 2021</text>
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                <text>Hybrid Cluster based Collaborative Filtering using Firefly and Agglomerative Hierarchical clustering</text>
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                <text>Machine learning; Recommendation systems; Meta-heuristic optimization</text>
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                <text>Recommendation Systems finds the user preferences based on the purchase history of an individual using data mining and machine learning techniques. To reduce the time taken for computation Recommendation systems generally use a pre-processing technique which in turn helps to increase high low performance and over comes over-fitting of data. In this paper, we propose a hybrid collaborative filtering algorithm using firefly and agglomerative hierarchical clustering technique with priority queue and Principle Component Analysis (PCA). We applied our hybrid algorithm on movielens dataset and used Pearson Correlation to obtain Top N recommendations. Experimental results show that the our algorithm delivers accurate and reliable recommendations showing high performance when compared with existing algorithms.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="96860">
                <text>Spoorthy G, Sriram G. Sanjeevi</text>
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                <text>www.ijcit.com</text>
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                <text>peri irawan</text>
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                  <text>VOL. 10 NO. 6 (2021) DECEMBER 2021</text>
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                <text>Software-Defined Networking in Cloud Computing</text>
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                <text>component: Software Defined-Networking(SDN), Cloud computing, systematic literature.</text>
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                <text>Through network programmability, we may simplify network management and bring innovation, cloud computing introduced some of its network concepts. One of the most prominent cloud models for minimizing maintenance obligations and simplifying network infrastructure administration is the SDN (Software Defined Network) architecture. SDN stands out because it provides separation of the control plane and programmability for developing network applications. As a result, SDN is expected to enable more efficient configuration, higher performance, and increased flexibility to support new network architectures. This article is aimed to demonstrates the importance of the SDN and the major role it plays in the organization and how SDNs can be profitable to many organizations that remain in the archaic or a traditional cloud environment and how SDN can restructure the cloud architecture with more security enhancement and also to investigate SDN related issues and challenges to provide insight into the obstacles that this revolutionary network paradigm will face in the future, from both a protocol and architecture standpoint. In this study, systematic literature was conducted and descriptive was used to analyze data. When it comes to SDN, the following challenges and issues stand out: All of these phrases are used to characterize the properties of a system: scalability, high availability, reliability, elasticity, security, performance, resilience, and dependability.</text>
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                <text>Mulumba Banza Gracia, Lebogang Maaka , Sphiwe Promise Ndlovu ,Vusumuzi Malele</text>
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                <text>www.ijcit.com</text>
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                <text>December 2021</text>
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                <text>peri irawan</text>
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                  <text>VOL. 10 NO. 6 (2021) DECEMBER 2021</text>
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                <text>Technique of Semantic Unambiguity for a Concept Selection of Terms in Focused Contexts with Reinforcement Learning Integration</text>
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                <text>Semantic Unambiguity; Concept Selection; Natural Language Processing; Reinforcement Learning; Knowledge Engineering</text>
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                <text>Nowadays, there have been many developments of learning processes for computers to understand the meaning of words and their semantic similarities in order for the computers to better communicate, interact and exchange information with humans. Semantic learning development is a major issue because computers cannot comprehend the suitable meaning of words in the concerning concept. As a result, this research is proposing and exploring the efficiency of the technique of semantic unambiguity in order to clarify the Term Concepts in the focused contexts. From the case study with 22 contexts, 62 term, and 475 synsets, it was shown that Reinforcement Learning could accurately select the suitable term concepts for the focused contexts, with Precision = 0.7756, Recall = 0.7756 and F-Measure = 0.7735. Therefore, it can be concluded that the Technique of Semantic Unambiguity for a Concept Selection of Terms in Focused Contexts has high accuracy when applying the Reinforcement Learning.</text>
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                <text>Churee Techawut, Khananat Jaroenchai</text>
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                <text>www.ijcit.com</text>
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                <text>peri irawan</text>
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