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                  <text>VOL. 23, NO.3 2025</text>
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                <text>Jacobian approximation of the Sum-Alpha stopping criterion</text>
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                <text>Error correction&#13;
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Stopping rule&#13;
Turbo code</text>
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                <text>This article will report the development of new application of the Sum-Alpha stopping criterion to the case of log – maximum a posterioru Log-MAP turbo decoding. It shows how to adapt Sum-Alphas quantities when using the Log-MAP algorithm and how to deduce a good decision threshold. We apply a logarithm to the quantity Sum-Alpha which is evaluated by the same Jacobian logarithm of the Log-MAP algorithm. We call this new adaptation Jacobian Approximation of Sum-Alpha (JASA) criterion. The simulation results demonstrate that the JASA criterion achieves comparable performance (in terms of bit error rate (BER) and frame error rate (FER)) to the Sum-Alpha and cross-entropy (CE) criteria, with the same average number of iterations.</text>
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                <text>Aissa Ouardi</text>
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                <text>Journal homepage: http://journal.uad.ac.id/index.php/TELKOMNIKA</text>
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        <name>Error correction Iterative decoding Log-MAP algorithm Stopping rule Turbo code</name>
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                <text>Leveraging technology to improve tuberculosis patient adherence: a comprehensive review</text>
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                <text>Advanced technologies&#13;
Internet of things&#13;
Medication&#13;
Smart medicine bottle&#13;
Tuberculosis</text>
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                <text>Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic disease that requires long-term treatment, generally for at least 6 to 9 months. Patients should follow the recommended treatment scheme regularly and completely. Poor adherence to treatment can cause patients to remain a source of infection for others. Patients with TB need additional support during treatment, in terms of information, motivation, and emotional support. Compliance monitoring helps ensure that patients take drugs according to a predetermined schedule. Comprehensive approach review method, careful selection of relevant data from various sources. This aims to provide overview of modern technology used to optimize the success of TB treatment. This paper aims to provide various methods that have existed in conventional and technology-enhanced approaches to monitoring and evaluating the treatment of TB patients. The existing studies only focus on making tools as a reminder to take medication but do not evaluate whether the drug is consumed. In addition, this paper describes prospective ideas involving advanced technology by using the internet of things (IoT)-based smart medicine bottle to accommodate the problem and become an effective communication solution in TB medication.</text>
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                <text>Almas Fahrana1, Sri Hernawati1,5, Saiful Bukhori1,4, Al Munawir1,3, Bayu Taruna Widjaja Putra1,2</text>
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                <text>Journal homepage: http://journal.uad.ac.id/index.php/TELKOMNIKA</text>
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                <text>Integrating artificial intelligence into accounting systems: a qualitative study on user experiences and challenges</text>
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                <text>Algorithm transparency&#13;
Artificial intelligence&#13;
Challenges in accounting systems&#13;
Job role transitions&#13;
User experiences</text>
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                <text>This research explores the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in accounting systems, focusing on user experiences and challenges faced by accountants and financial professionals. Using qualitative methods, in-depth interviews with diverse accounting professionals reveal key themes: optimism mixed with skepticism about AI’s potential, concerns over algorithm transparency, and trust issues due to the “black box” nature of AI systems. Participants highlight inadequate training programs, which hinder effective AI use and fuel resistance to adoption. The study also discusses the impact of AI on job roles, emphasizing a shift towards strategic thinking and advisory functions while routine tasks are automated. Implementation challenges include system compatibility, data integration issues, and significant resource investments, compounded by organizational resistance and lack of executive support. The findings stress the need for transparent AI algorithms, comprehensive training programs, and managed job role transitions to maximize AI benefits. This research provides insights into real-world user experiences, offering a roadmap for organizations to support effective AI integration in accounting, leading to improved performance, job satisfaction, and acceptance of AI technologies.</text>
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                <text>Andhika1, Lawrence Adi Supriyono2</text>
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                <text>Journal homepage: http://journal.uad.ac.id/index.php/TELKOMNIKA</text>
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        <name>Algorithm transparency Artificial intelligence Challenges in accounting systems Job role transitions User experiences</name>
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                <text>Adulterated beef detection with redundant gas sensor using optimized convolutional neural network</text>
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                <text>Adulterated beef&#13;
Convolutional neural network&#13;
Machine learning&#13;
Pork adulteration&#13;
Redundant gas sensor</text>
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                <text>Various types of research have been developed to detect beef adulteration, but the accuracy and reliability of these results still require improvement. This study proposes designing a highly precise redundant electronic nose system using an optimized convolutional neural network (CNN) method to detect adulterated beef mixed with pork. As baselines, other classifiers are also utilized, namely the decision tree (DT), K-nearest neighbor (KNN), artificial neural network (ANN), and support vector machine (SVM). Several data preprocessing methods are employed to increase prediction accuracy, namely feature selection, principal component analysis (PCA), and time series smoothing. The weight of each data sample was 100 g with 15 classes of pork and beef mixing ratios of 0%, 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, and 100% pork. With the single-layer sensor configuration, the average CNN classification success rates were 97.15%, 96.29%, and 99.64% for layers 1, 2, and 3, respectively. In addition, from the combination of the three layers, a prediction results of 99.72% was obtained. Thus, a redundant gas sensor array configuration can improve the classification results. In addition, the relatively high accuracy of the optimized CNN provides a convincing alternative for identifying possible beef adulteration.</text>
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                <text>Ardani Cesario Zuhri1, Agus Widodo1, Mario Ardhany1, Danny Mokhammad Gandana1, Galang Ilman Islami1, Galuh Prihantoro2</text>
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                <text>Journal homepage: http://journal.uad.ac.id/index.php/TELKOMNIKA</text>
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                <text>Mar 11, 2025</text>
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Difference expansion&#13;
Information security&#13;
Reversible data hiding&#13;
Steganography</text>
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                <text>The integration of the internet of things (IoT) has significantly enhanced human life but also raises concerns about information security and privacy. Information security can be achieved through cryptography, which encrypts data to make it unreadable, or steganography, which hides data within other media. For sensitive media, such as military, medical, and forensic imaging, specialized techniques like reversible data hiding (RDH) are necessary to ensure the media can be fully restored after data extraction. Many researchers have proposed improvements to the RDH method in recent years. In this study, we propose an improved RDH method utilizing difference expansion and a modulus function. The method embeds data into the 4-bit, 3-bit, and 2-bit least significant bits (LSB) of the difference value of pixels, with a range of -2 and 2. The experimental findings demonstrate that our approach achieves a embedding capacity of 0.2507 bpp with 55.445 dB of peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) for common images and 0.3849 bpp with 54.6810 dB of PSNR for medical images, using 2-bit difference values. The results demonstrate that our approach surpasses previous methods and holds promise for practical applications in IoT systems and the medical field, where secure and reversible data embedding is essential</text>
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                <text>Accurately predicting calorie expenditure is crucial for wearable device applications, enabling personalized fitness and health recommendations. However, traditional models struggle with high data variability and nonlinear relationships in activity data, leading to suboptimal predictions. This study addresses these challenges by integrating extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) with Bayesian optimization and nested cross validation to enhance predictive accuracy. Unlike previous approaches, our method systematically tunes hyperparameters using Bayesian optimization while employing nested cross validation to prevent overfitting, ensuring robust model evaluation. We utilize a dataset of daily activity records, including steps, distance, and active minutes, extracted from wearable devices. Our experimental findings indicate a substantial enhancement in prediction performance, achieving a mean squared error (MSE) of 4294.27, an R-squared (R2) score of 0.9917, and a root mean squared error (RMSE) of 65.53. The proposed model outperforms baseline approaches such as random forest and support vector machines in terms of predictive accuracy. These findings underscore the advantage of our approach in predictive modeling. Beyond calorie estimation, the proposed methodology is adaptable to other domains requiring high-precision predictions, such as healthcare analytics and personalized recommendation systems.</text>
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Parameter identification&#13;
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                <text>The switched reluctance motor (SRM) has attracted attention in recent decades, due to its robustness, low manufacturing cost, and other performance characteristics. Thanks to the accepted and widely used mathematical model of this motor, model-based controllers, whose main foundation is the precise knowledge/identification of the motor parameters, are frequently reported in the literature and required in the industry. This article proposes a parametric identification for switching reluctance motors under an algebraic approach. The identification is based on the unsaturated model of the motor whose electrical parameters depend on the angular position. This work proposes an adaptation of the classic identification method defined in the spatial and temporal domains, due to the angular dependence on the electrical parameters and the temporal dependence on the mechanic parameters. In addition, the proposed identification strategy is simulated and experimentally validated in a DSP-based test bench. Reduced identification times, low error rates, and non-dependence of tuning parameters were obtained.</text>
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                <text>Comparison resistivity&#13;
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Potential of hydrogen&#13;
Soil type resistivity&#13;
Swamp land clustering</text>
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                <text>In theory, the resistivity value of the soil is one of the factors that must be taken into account when planning a grounding installation. The resistivity value of swamp soil is 30 Ωm, as per the general requirements for electrical installation of 2011 (PUIL 2011). This value is identical to the resistivity of the soil type in The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE standard 80 in 2000), where the wet soil type has a resistivity value of 100 Ωm. It is difficult for electrical engineers to design construction on swamp land because the standard's representation of the features of swamp land does not accurately reflect the types of swamps or wetlands that exist in reality. The focus of this investigation is the resistivity value of swamp soil types. The results of this investigation will make a scientific contribution to the clustering of land at each soil resistivity value in freshwater, brackish water, saltwater, and acidic water swamp land. These soils have pH values that range from 3.5 to above 6. The research on swamp land clustering has revealed that each swamp has a distinctive resistivity value for the different types of swamp soil.</text>
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                <text>Dian Eka Putra1, Muhammad Irfan Jambak2, Zainuddin Nawawi</text>
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                <text>Acidic swampland&#13;
Dolomite&#13;
Grounding electrode&#13;
Grounding resistance&#13;
Grounding system</text>
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                <text>This research addresses the effectiveness of grounding systems in acidic swampland, which poses a challenge in protecting people and electrical equipment from the risk of electric shock. The increasing use of swampland for electrical installations necessitates a solution to reduce the high grounding resistance resulting from poor soil resistivity values. This study proposes using dolomite as an admixture to improve soil conductivity and lower grounding resistance. Experimental methods were conducted by embedding rod electrodes of various materials in dolomite-mixed media with varying compositions. The results showed that adding dolomite significantly decreased the grounding resistance, although there were inconsistencies in the test results; on average, the decrease in resistance reached 25%. Galvanized electrodes proved to be the most effective in this system. These findings provide new insights in the field of grounding systems and offer practical solutions that are environmentally friendly and sustainable. This research is expected to be an important reference for developing more innovative and effective grounding system techniques in the future.</text>
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                  <text>VOL. 23, NO.3 2025</text>
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                <text>Website-based: smart goat farm monitoring cages</text>
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                <text>Cloud storage&#13;
Goat farming&#13;
Internet of things&#13;
Livestock monitoring&#13;
Smart farm system</text>
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                <text>Goat farming holds significant profit potential due to high community demand for goat meat and its role in supporting national food security. To optimize its development, proper and efficient farm management is essential. This study aims to design a system for monitoring and improving goat farming by observing key environmental and animal health conditions, such as feed availability, temperature, humidity, and overall livestock health. The proposed system utilizes internet of things (IoT) technology and cloud storage to create a smart farm environment. Various IoT devices, including cameras, thermal sensors, and lighting equipment, are integrated and connected via Wi-Fi. These devices collect real-time data, which is then processed into informative analytics to monitor and support farm development. Through the use of IoT and cloud-based solutions, this system is expected to enable real-time supervision and create ideal, controlled conditions for goat farming, ultimately benefiting farmers.</text>
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                <text>Dwinanda Hafid Wicaksana, Wella</text>
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                <text>Journal homepage: http://journal.uad.ac.id/index.php/TELKOMNIKA</text>
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                <text>Mar 11, 2025</text>
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        <name>Cloud storage Goat farming Internet of things Livestock monitoring Smart farm system</name>
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