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                  <text>VOL. 22, NO.6 2024</text>
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                <text>A comprehensive analysis of eye diseases and medical data classification</text>
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                <text>Classification&#13;
Eye diseases&#13;
Machine learning&#13;
Medical data analysis&#13;
Vision loss</text>
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                <text>Vision loss is a critical health issue that presents substantial challenges to both individuals and communities. For those affected, it can lead to difficulties in performing daily activities, hinder educational and employment opportunities, and significantly impact mental health and overall quality of life. The inability to see can also lead to increased dependence on others, creating emotional and financial strains on families and caregivers. This paper highlights the benefit of machine learning (ML) in exploring conditions that significantly affect vision loss. The goals that will be achieved in this paper are to determine the best classifier capable of dealing with medical datasets and to determine the best strategy for dealing with medical data. Determine which feature selection is most applicable to use for examining medical data. Two medical datasets, 4 strategies, 19 classifiers, and 2 feature selections were used. As for the best classifier, the stochastic gradient descent (SGD) model was the best in dataset 1 and 2. The function strategy showed the best performance, followed by the rules strategy. CorrelationAttributeEval was shown to be the best feature selection, while ClassifierAttributeEval was the second-best feature selection.</text>
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                <text>Raed Alazaidah1, Hamza Abu Owida2, Nawaf Alshdaifat3, Abedalhakeem Issa4, Suhaila Abuowaida5, Nidal Yousef4</text>
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                <text>Journal homepage: http://telkomnika.uad.ac.id</text>
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        <name>Classification Eye diseases Machine learning Medical data analysis Vision loss</name>
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                  <text>VOL. 22, NO.6 2024</text>
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                <text>Availability&#13;
Free space optical&#13;
Haze attenuation&#13;
Sixth generation networks&#13;
Visibility</text>
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                <text>Next-generation (NG) optical technologies are expected to offer high data rates, multiple broadband services, expandable bandwidth, and flexible communication options for diverse end users. In optical technologies, free space optical (FSO) technology stands out as a promising component to meet the requirements of terrestrial sixth generation (6G) networks. This is due to its cost-effectiveness, ease of deployment, high bandwidth capacity, and robust security features. However, haze and rain are major challenges to FSO link performance. These adverse weather conditions reduce visibility, causing significant attenuation of the laser signal. The resulting attenuation negatively impacts the performance and availability of the FSO link. This paper assesses the performance of a terrestrial FSO link under tropical climate conditions. Predicted attenuation due to haze is analyzed and compared using two wavelengths: 850 nm and 1550 nm. The predicted attenuation is based on a whole year of visibility data in Malaysia, from January 1, 2023 to December 31, 2023. Additionally, the availability of the two wavelengths is evaluated. The findings show that higher wavelengths experience lower attenuation compared to lower wavelengths. These results provide valuable insights into the feasibility of deploying FSO links in tropical climates.</text>
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                <text>Husam M. Banwair1, Jafri Din1, Khalid Ibrahim Alkhedhairi2, Ahmed Basahel3</text>
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                <text>Journal homepage: http://telkomnika.uad.ac.id</text>
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                <text>Geographically weighted regression analysis of electricity consumption in Indonesian households: aligning with SDG 7</text>
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                <text>Electricity demand forecasting&#13;
Geographically weighted regression&#13;
Minimum wage levels&#13;
Population dynamics&#13;
Poverty rates&#13;
Regional GDP</text>
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                <text>The objective of this study is to establish a thorough comprehension of the interaction of population dynamics, poverty rates, minimum wage levels, and regional GDP in relation to household electricity consumption. The main objective is to improve the precision of electricity demand predictions and prevent planning mistakes, such as the considerable surplus of 6-7 GW in the Java Bali system between 2020 and 2023, resulting in major financial losses. We evaluate and compare the models by employing several approaches, such as ordinary least square (OLS) and geographically weighted regression (GWR) with fixed and adaptive bandwidths. We use modified R-squared and corrected Akaike Information Criterion (AICc) values for this assessment. The GWR with adaptive bandwidth is shown to be the most resilient method and is subsequently chosen for modeling. The results indicate that there is a strong correlation between the number of impoverished individuals and electricity use, with a coefficient range of 0.35-0.55. Furthermore, the correlation between poverty rates and power usage is defined by a coefficient that varies between -0.0010 and -0.0030. There is a direct relationship between regional GDP and power growth, as indicated by coefficients ranging from 1,000,000 to 5,000,000. Moreover, the impact of minimum wage levels differs among different locations.</text>
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                <text>Tommy Novianto1, Rezzy Eko Caraka1,2,3,4, Prana Ugiana Gio5, Rumanintya Lisaria Putri6, Agung Sutoto6, Rung Ching Chen4, Maengseok Noh7, Bens Pardamean8,9</text>
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                <text>Journal homepage: http://telkomnika.uad.ac.id</text>
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                  <text>VOL. 22, NO.6 2024</text>
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                <text>Telemedicine-based baby incubator system with DWT method to detect respiratory rate from electrocardiogram signals</text>
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                <text>Baby incubator&#13;
Discrete wavelet transform&#13;
Electrocardiogram&#13;
Premature baby&#13;
Respiratory disorders</text>
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                <text>This pioneering research introduces a telemedicine-based baby incubator designed to accurately monitor premature babies’ electrical heart signals and respiratory rates. The research aims to monitor premature babies, especially those related to heart and respiratory problems. This research combines telemedicine technology with the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) method to obtain respiratory rate values from electrocardiogram (ECG) signal leads directly. This research contribution can be used for simultaneous and non-invasive monitoring of heart electrical signals and respiratory rate. By leveraging existing telemedicine infrastructure, this incubator enables real-time monitoring. Using a data-driven approach with premature babies as subjects, respiratory signals are captured using sensitive sensors and analyzed via the DWT method. The results show that the accuracy of this telemedicine-based incubator is superior in monitoring respiratory rate compared to conventional methods with a P-value&gt;0.05. This study confirms the effectiveness of DWT-based telemedicine incubators in monitoring the breathing of premature babies, thereby offering superior performance compared to traditional methods. The implications resulting from this research as a whole, this telemedicine-based baby incubator marks a significant advancement in the care of premature babies, ensuring precise and real-time breathing monitoring.</text>
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                <text>Bambang Guruh Irianto1, Anita Miftahul Maghfiroh1, Mohamad Sofie2, Yuni Kusmiyati3, Abd. Kholiq</text>
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                <text>Journal homepage: http://telkomnika.uad.ac.id</text>
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                <text>Employees&#13;
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                <text>In data analysis, imbalanced datasets are a frequent issue, where classes in a dataset have an uneven distribution, which can lead to poor performance in machine learning (ML) and predictive modeling. In this study, we analyze distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks at the application layer. Three primary strategies are studied in this study to address the issue of data imbalance in multiclass techniques: random oversampling (ROS), random undersampling (RUS), and the use of class weights. A model using a deep learning (DL) technique has been proposed in this paper to be trained and tested for DDoS attack detection. Based on the results obtained and presented in this paper, it is observed that RUS outperforms class-weight and ROS in multiclass settings in terms of resolving imbalanced data when implemented with the deep learning-based DDoS attack detection model.</text>
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                  <text>VOL. 22, NO.6 2024</text>
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                <text>Complementary metal-oxide semiconductor technology&#13;
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Radio frequency identification Ultra-high frequency</text>
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                <text>This paper presents an N-metal-oxide semiconductor (NMOS) rectifier designed for efficient radio frequency (RF) energy harvesting and wireless power transmission in passive ultra-high frequency (UHF) radio frequency identification (RFID) applications. The rectifier’s efficiency is improved through an innovative diode with a new block connection, reducing the threshold voltage compared to conventional diode transistors. This enhancement significantly boosts output voltage and efficiency. A seven-stage configuration, based on the proposed diode and optimized via a superposition method, has been evaluated for its ability to increase DC output voltage and power conversion efficiency (PCE), particularly at low RF input power levels. Simulations show a PCE of 63% at 900 MHz with an RF input of -11 dBm, delivering 1.610 V across a 0.518 MΩ load. Notably, the rectifier maintains a PCE above 30% across a wide input power range from -32 dBm to -5 dBm, overcoming a key challenge of maintaining efficiency under low input power conditions. The circuit architecture was implemented using standard 180 nm TSMC CMOS technology, showcasing its practical applicability in RFID systems.</text>
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                <text>Zahra Sahel, Sanae Habibi, Abdelhak Bendali, Abid Reda El Wardi, Karima Benkhadda, Samia Zarrik, Hayat El Abassi, Fatehi ALtalqi, Omar Mouhib, Mohamed Habibi</text>
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                <text>Journal homepage: http://telkomnika.uad.ac.id</text>
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                  <text>VOL. 22, NO.6 2024</text>
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                <text>Malaysian fibre internet service provider: a naïve Bayes classification Twitter sentiment analysis</text>
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Internet service provider&#13;
Naïve Bayes&#13;
Sentiment analysis&#13;
Twitter</text>
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                <text>In the highly competitive landscape of Malaysian internet service providers (ISPs), users seek efficient ways to assess service quality. While various websites allow visual comparisons of fiber ISPs, a direct side-by-side evaluation remains elusive. A survey of 101 respondents revealed that 92.1% found researching a company’s reputation time-consuming. Additionally, relying on English-centric online ratings may lead to skewed outcomes, disregarding reviews in diverse languages. In response, we developed a web-based dashboard utilizing Twitter sentiment analysis (SA) and the naïve Bayes (NB) algorithm to classify Malaysia’s best fiber ISPs. The SA focused on four key factors: package price, internet speed, coverage area, and customer service, simplifying the comparison process. The system’s usability and functionality tests showed that both the English and Malay models could classify scraped Twitter data with an accuracy of 80%. The system’s remarkable usability score of 94.58% on the system usability scale (SUS) confirms its acceptability and excellent performance in achieving research goals.</text>
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                <text>Khyrina Airin Fariza Abu Samah1, Muhamad Nabil Fahruddin1, Raseeda Hamzah1, Lala Septem Riza2, Khairul Nurmazianna Ismail1, Rosniza Roslan1, Raihah Aminuddin1, Nor Intan Shafini Nasaruddin1</text>
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                <text>Journal homepage: http://telkomnika.uad.ac.id</text>
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                <text>Constant current-constant voltage (CC-CV) is one of the battery charging methods that is commonly used. However, this method has several drawbacks, including the charging current in constant current (CC) mode, which can only be set to a maximum of 0.3 C on lead acid batteries, resulting in a relatively long charging duration. Therefore, in this research, the multi-step constant current-constant voltage (MCC-CV) method of battery charging system is developed where this method can use a greater charging current, resulting in a significant reduction in charging duration by using multiple current setpoints in MCC mode, with the initial setpoint current can be set beyond 0.3 C, which is 0.34 C in this system. This system uses a DC-DC single-ended primary inductance converter (SEPIC) converter as a battery charging control system, equipped with a power cut-off relay when the charging current reaches 0.05 C in constant voltage (CV) mode. From the test results obtained, the MCC-CV method can charge the battery to its full capacity faster than the CC-CV method with a difference of 15.34 minutes and the relay on the system can work properly.</text>
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                <text>Mochamad Ari Bagus Nugroho, Ahmad Dzihan Alifi, Suhariningsih, Epyk Sunarno, Eka Prasetyono, Dimas Okky Anggriawan</text>
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                  <text>VOL. 22, NO.6 2024</text>
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                <text>Compact miniaturized antenna design and development for a leadless cardiac pacemaker</text>
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                <text>Biotelemetry&#13;
Miniaturized antenna&#13;
Pacemaker&#13;
Specific absorption rate&#13;
Ultra-wideband</text>
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                <text>Biomedical antennas play a crucial role in implantable medical telemetry, improving patient monitoring and overall well-being. This study presents a compact antenna designed for a lead-free pacemaker, with dimensions of 3.3×4×0.5 mm³. Miniaturization required open cuts in the ground plane and radiating patch, as well as a localized resistance element. The antenna features an exceptional bandwidth of 1646.8 MHz (1.0602-2.7070) GHz, guaranteeing constant performance in the human body. It covers the industrial, scientific and medical bands (ISM, 2.4-2.48 GHz) and ultra-high frequencies (UHF, 0.3-13 GHz). Simulation in a phantom produced a gain of -19.78 dBi at 2.45 GHz and -34.44 dBi at 1.2 GHz. Safety was confirmed by a specific absorption rate (SAR) study using a cardiac model. The antenna’s low SAR (10 g-Avg) enabled maximum input powers to be established: 20.2 mW at 1.2 GHz and 21.23 mW at 2.45 GHz. Comparative simulations using high-frequency structure simulator (HFSS) and computer simulation technology (CST) highlighted the antenna’s superiority over recent systems, demonstrating its effectiveness in the human heart. This antenna represents an advanced solution for improving patient care. Consequently, this antenna emerges as an advanced solution for addressing infectious diseases and cardiovascular conditions in the realm of medical advancements.</text>
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                <text>Abdelmouttalib Bousrout1, Asma Khabba2, Saida Ibnyaich2, Tomader Mazri1, Mohamed Habibi3, Tole Sutikno4</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="110643">
                <text>Journal homepage: http://telkomnika.uad.ac.id</text>
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                <text>Aug 5, 2024</text>
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                <text>PERI IRAWAN</text>
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                <text>PDF</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
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                <text>ENGLISH</text>
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        <name>Biotelemetry Miniaturized antenna Pacemaker Specific absorption rate Ultra-wideband</name>
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