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                  <text>VOL. 22, NO.6 2024</text>
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                <text>IR4.0 and internet of things: future directions towards enhanced connectivity, automation, and sustainable innovation</text>
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                <text>This study provides a systematic review of the literature on the fourth industrial revolution (IR4.0) and the internet of things (IoT) in genetics, informatics, and biotechnology, as well as their many rapidly evolving applications, which often overlap with various aspects of life. The study reviews the latest research, books, scientific theses, and official websites in this field, placing them in a coherent context for researchers. It covers innovations that have driven the continuous development of IR4.0 and its challenges. The study highlights numerous fields and modern technologies expected to bring about tangible and radical changes in health, agriculture, and industry. It addresses key aspects of IR4.0 and the significant advancements brought by smart cities, and most importantly, artificial intelligence (AI), including robots, autonomous cars, 3D printing, big data, IoT, nanotechnology, biotechnology, energy storage, and quantum computing. By applying cutting-edge technology across various disciplines to boost productivity and foster development, technology plays a crucial role in linking the physical, digital, and biological realms. This revolution is built on multiple axes, including the convergence of biotechnology, digital media, and physical systems.</text>
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                <text>Yousef A. Baker El-Ebiary1, Salameh A. Mjlae2, Hadeel Ahmad3, Suzie Y. Rababa’h4, Mahmoud A. Rababah5, Omar G. Arabiat6</text>
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                <text>Journal homepage: http://telkomnika.uad.ac.id</text>
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                <text>Tomato leaf disease recognition system using Faster R-CNN</text>
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                <text>Detectron2&#13;
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                <text>The objective of this paper is to detect tomato leaf disease using Faster region-based convolutional neural network (R-CNN). The tomato leaf disease recognition system utilizes a dataset consisting of healthy tomato leaves and eight leaf diseases, including early blight, late blight, leaf mold, mosaic virus, septoria, spider mites, yellow leaf curl virus, and leaf miner. The dataset is obtained from various sources, such as Kaggle, Google Images, Bing Images, and Roboflow Universe. Pre-processing techniques, including collage, tile, static crop, and resize, are applied to prepare the dataset for training. Data augmentation methods, such as flipping, 90° rotation, exposure adjustment, and hue modification, are applied to enhance the model’s robustness and generalize its performance. Specifically, we implemented Faster R-CNN as part of Detectron2 using its base models and configurations. The results demonstrate that the X101-FPN base model for Faster R-CNN with the default configurations of Detectron2 is efficient and general enough to be applied to defect detection. This approach results in an average precision (AP) detection score of 87.01% for validation results.</text>
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                <text>Karel Octavianus Bachri, Bryan Santoso, Duma Kristina Yanti Hutapea, Catherine Olivia Sereati, Lanny W. Pandjaitan</text>
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                <text>Journal homepage: http://telkomnika.uad.ac.id</text>
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                  <text>VOL. 22, NO.6 2024</text>
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                <text>Gilbert cell down-conversion mixer for THz wireless communication with passive baluns</text>
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Active down-converter&#13;
Balun&#13;
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PH15NHF</text>
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                <text>Abdeladim El Krouk1, Abdelhafid Es-Saqy2, Mohammed Fattah1, Said Mazer2, Mahmoud Mehdi3, Moulhime El Bekkali2, Catherine Algani4</text>
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                <text>Journal homepage: http://telkomnika.uad.ac.id</text>
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                  <text>VOL. 22, NO.6 2024</text>
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                <text>Light weight dual polarized horn antenna for polarimetry C-band synthetic aperture radar sensor onboard UAV</text>
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Horn antenna&#13;
Synthetic aperture radar&#13;
Unmanned aerial vehicle</text>
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                <text>Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) can collect earth surface information with synthetic aperture radar (SAR) sensors during night, day, and bad weather. However, UAVs have only limited volume and weight for the SAR payload. A very light dual circularly polarized pyramid horn antenna was developed in order to improve sense capability in UAV dual polarimetry SAR images. The pyramid horn was designed and simulated in computer simulation technology (CST) 2022. The horn was capable of producing two circular polarizations right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) and left-hand circular polarization (LHCP) alternately using a three stepped septum polarizer and coaxial probe feed on two sides of the waveguide. The results show that the horn antenna was capable of having a wide S11 and S22 bandwidth from 4 GHz to 6.7 GHz. The horn was capable of producing two circular polarizations with an axial ratio below 3 dB from 4.4 GHz to 6.4 GHz. This gain horn antenna was relatively stable in the range of 15 dBiC with a reasonably narrow 3 dB beamwidth of 28° both RHCP and LHCP polarisation in E and H fields respectively.</text>
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                <text>Agus Hendra Wahyudi1, Farohaji Kurniawan1, Bambang Setiadi2, Agus Wiyono1, Satria Arief Aditya1, Wahyu Widada3, Efendi Dodi Arisandi4</text>
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                <text>Journal homepage: http://telkomnika.uad.ac.id</text>
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                  <text>VOL. 22, NO.6 2024</text>
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                <text>Clouds play a crucial role in precipitation and weather prediction. Identifying and differentiating clouds accurately poses a significant challenge. In this paper, we present a novel approach that utilizes the local binary patterns (LBP) feature descriptor to extract color cloud images. We employ feature fusion to combine LBP features from the independent channels of the RGB color space. Furthermore, we apply five well-known feature selection methods, namely ReliefF, Ilfs, correlation-based feature selection (CFS), Fisher, and Lasso, to select relevant and useful features. These selected features are then fed into a support vector machine (SVM) classifier. Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed approach achieves superior performance by significantly reducing the number of features while maintaining prediction accuracy.</text>
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                <text>Illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing poses a significant threat by depleting fish stocks, damaging marine ecosystems, jeopardizing economic livelihoods, and undermining long-term environmental sustainability. To address this, the government has implemented a public policy of measured fishing within the blue economy framework. Given the involvement of numerous stakeholders, it is crucial for the government to gauge public sentiment through tweets on social media platforms to evaluate and refine the policy’s implementation for greater effectiveness. While the long short-term memory (LSTM) method for sentiment analysis is adept at handling text sequences and context, it struggles with capturing contextual semantic correlations. Conversely, the latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) method excels in identifying these correlations and uncovering dominant topics. This study shows that integrating LDA for topic modeling with LSTM for sentiment analysis enhances overall performance, providing more accurate and comprehensive insights into public responses and identifying key topics discussed in social media tweets.</text>
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Decentralized data-management&#13;
Real-time monitoring&#13;
Water&#13;
Water quality</text>
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                <text>Each and every living thing needs fresh water to survive. Fresh water is becoming a precious resource as a result of the combined risks of rapid urbanization, pollution, and climatic changes. The quality of the water we drink every day has an impact on our lives, either directly or indirectly. Maintaining the sustainability and health of the environment requires constant attention to water quality. Modern technology makes it possible to gather and analyze data from water distribution networks in order to maximize resources and enhance decision-making for all parties. Despite the enormous global growth of the internet of things (IoT) and blockchain in recent years, their integration is still in its early stages. In this research contains a technological framework that combines blockchain and IoT called B-IoT and aims to reward and incentivize more sustainable water quality management with real-time monitoring and security. IoT is used to monitor water quality in water resources and find any violations. By using blockchain, it is possible to retain the accuracy, reliability, and transparency of the records of breaches. This system will be able to gauge the water’s quality in real-time and allow for the quick identification of any infractions necessary to commit the crime.</text>
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                <text>Anitha Roy1,2, Jubilant J Kizhakkethottam3</text>
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                <text>Journal homepage: http://telkomnika.uad.ac.id</text>
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Pacemaker&#13;
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                <text>Biomedical antennas play a crucial role in implantable medical telemetry, improving patient monitoring and overall well-being. This study presents a compact antenna designed for a lead-free pacemaker, with dimensions of 3.3×4×0.5 mm³. Miniaturization required open cuts in the ground plane and radiating patch, as well as a localized resistance element. The antenna features an exceptional bandwidth of 1646.8 MHz (1.0602-2.7070) GHz, guaranteeing constant performance in the human body. It covers the industrial, scientific and medical bands (ISM, 2.4-2.48 GHz) and ultra-high frequencies (UHF, 0.3-13 GHz). Simulation in a phantom produced a gain of -19.78 dBi at 2.45 GHz and -34.44 dBi at 1.2 GHz. Safety was confirmed by a specific absorption rate (SAR) study using a cardiac model. The antenna’s low SAR (10 g-Avg) enabled maximum input powers to be established: 20.2 mW at 1.2 GHz and 21.23 mW at 2.45 GHz. Comparative simulations using high-frequency structure simulator (HFSS) and computer simulation technology (CST) highlighted the antenna’s superiority over recent systems, demonstrating its effectiveness in the human heart. This antenna represents an advanced solution for improving patient care. Consequently, this antenna emerges as an advanced solution for addressing infectious diseases and cardiovascular conditions in the realm of medical advancements.</text>
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                <text>Abdelmouttalib Bousrout1, Asma Khabba2, Saida Ibnyaich2, Tomader Mazri1, Mohamed Habibi3, Tole Sutikno4</text>
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                <text>Multi-step constant current-constant voltage charging method to improve CC-CV method on lead acid batteries</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
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                <text>Charging strategy&#13;
Constant current-constant voltage&#13;
Lead acid battery&#13;
Multi-step constant current-constant voltage&#13;
Overcharge protection</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="110651">
                <text>Constant current-constant voltage (CC-CV) is one of the battery charging methods that is commonly used. However, this method has several drawbacks, including the charging current in constant current (CC) mode, which can only be set to a maximum of 0.3 C on lead acid batteries, resulting in a relatively long charging duration. Therefore, in this research, the multi-step constant current-constant voltage (MCC-CV) method of battery charging system is developed where this method can use a greater charging current, resulting in a significant reduction in charging duration by using multiple current setpoints in MCC mode, with the initial setpoint current can be set beyond 0.3 C, which is 0.34 C in this system. This system uses a DC-DC single-ended primary inductance converter (SEPIC) converter as a battery charging control system, equipped with a power cut-off relay when the charging current reaches 0.05 C in constant voltage (CV) mode. From the test results obtained, the MCC-CV method can charge the battery to its full capacity faster than the CC-CV method with a difference of 15.34 minutes and the relay on the system can work properly.</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="110652">
                <text>Mochamad Ari Bagus Nugroho, Ahmad Dzihan Alifi, Suhariningsih, Epyk Sunarno, Eka Prasetyono, Dimas Okky Anggriawan</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="110653">
                <text>Journal homepage: http://telkomnika.uad.ac.id</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="110654">
                <text>Aug 30, 2024</text>
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          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="110655">
                <text>PERI IRAWAN</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="110656">
                <text>PDF</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="110657">
                <text>ENGLISH</text>
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        <name>Charging strategy Constant current-constant voltage Lead acid battery Multi-step constant current-constant voltage Overcharge protection</name>
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