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                  <text>Vol 9 No 5 (2025)</text>
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                <text>Comparing Data Preprocessing Strategy on T5 Architecture to Classify ICD-10 Diagnosis</text>
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                <text> ICD-10 classification; medical NLP; preprocessing strategy; T5; text-to -text transforme</text>
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                <text>Manual ICD-10 coding in healthcare systems remains time-consuming, error-prone, and inefficient, particularly in resource-constrained settings. This study investigates the effect of various preprocessing strategies on the performance of the Text-to-Text  Transfer  Transformer  (T5)  model  for  primary  diagnosis  classification  using  structured  clinical  data.  A  total  of  7,263  clinical records were collected from two high-density regions in Bali (Badung and Gianyar) between January 2023 and March 2024,  then  converted  into  descriptive  text  prompts  for  model  training.  Four  experimental  scenarios  combined  variations  of  input  features  and  label  configurations,  comparing  T5  with  Oversampling  against  T5  with  Easy  Data  Augmentation  (EDA)  plus   Oversampling.   Results   showed   that   T5   with Random   Oversampling   consistently   outperformed   the   EDA-based configuration across all scenarios, with performance gaps ranging from 8% to 19%. Scenario 4, which excluded body system features  and  the  semantically  overlapping  E860  label,  achieved  the  highest  balance,  reaching  84.7%  accuracy,  85.1%  precision,  84.7%  recall,  and  84.3%  F1-score.  Conversely,  the  EDA-based  approach  reduced  training  time  by  up  to  72%,  indicating  a  clear  trade-off  between  performance  and  efficiency.  Both  configurations  frequently  misclassified  semantically  similar  codes  within  the  same  ICD-10  categories,  underscoring  the  difficulty  of  distinguishing  clinically  related  diagnoses.  Overall,  the  results  suggest  that  careful  selection  of  preprocessing  strategies  can  enhance  transformer-based  medical  text  classification, while striking a balance between model performance and training efficiency. This work may serve as an initial reference for developing more efficient semi-automated medical coding systems in the Indonesian regional healthcare contex</text>
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                <text>I Gusti Ngurah Lanang Wijayakusuma1*, Made Sudarma2, I Ketut Gede Darma Putra3, Oka Sudana4, Ni Putu Dian Astutik5</text>
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                <text>https://jurnal.iaii.or.id/index.php/RESTI/article/view/6919/1149</text>
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                <text>Department of Doctoral Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Udayana, Bali, Indonesia</text>
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                  <text>Vol 9 No 5 (2025)</text>
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                <text>Eye Disease Detection and Classification Optimization Using EfficientNet-B5 with Emphasis on Data Augmentation and Fine-Tuning</text>
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                <text> Automated Diagnosis; Data Augmentation; EfficientNet-B5; Eye Disease Detection; Fine-tuning</text>
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                <text>ye  diseases  significant  global  health  challenges,  underscoring  the  need  for  efficient  and accurate  diagnostic.  This  study  employed  the  EfficientNet-B5  model  to  enhance  the  detection  and  classification  of  eye  diseases  by  incorporating  advanced  data  augmentation  and  fine-tuning  techniques.  The  research  utilizes  the  ODIR  dataset,  consisting  of  4,217  fundus  images  categorized into four classes: normal, glaucoma, cataract, and diabetic retinopathy. The methodology comprises three phases: baseline model training, model training with data augmentation, and fine-tuning. The baseline model achieved an accuracy of 60.43%, which improved to 63.03% with data augmentation an increase of 2.6 percentage points. Fine-tuning further elevated the accuracy to 93.23%, representing a notable improvement of 33.8 percentage points over the baseline. Model performance was  evaluated  using  standard  classification  metrics.  These  findings  demonstrate  the  technical  efficacy  of  combining  augmentation and fine-tuning to enhance model generalization. This result approach offers a robust framework for developing dependable AI-driven diagnostic tools to support early detection and facilitate informed clinical decision-making. </text>
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                <text>Anggi Muhammad Rifai1, Muhammad Fatchan2,  Ahmad Turmudi Zy3,  Donny Maulana4,  Sufajar Butsianto5</text>
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                <text>https://jurnal.iaii.or.id/index.php/RESTI/article/view/6519/1148</text>
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                <text>Department of informatics engineering, Faculty of engineering, Pelita Bangsa University, Bekasi, Indonesia</text>
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                <text>October 24, 2025</text>
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                <text>FAJAR BAGUS W</text>
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                  <text>Vol 9 No 5 (2025)</text>
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                <text>Application of YOLOv8 Algorithm for Coral Reef Disease Detection as an Effort to Prevent Marine Habitat Damage in Batam</text>
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                <text>coral; detection; disease; YOLOv8</text>
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                <text>Research in 2019 in Batam City showed that out of 19 coral reef fisheries support facilities, 16 were declared not good. Coral reef damage increased from 36.28% to 39.44%. This is due to the threat of coral reef damage due to international shipping lane areas, human activities such as destructive fishing, pollution, sedimentation, and global warming. These threats can cause coral diseases such as black band disease (BBD), brown band disease (BrB), Bleaching Coral, and yellow band disease (YBD). The Underwater Photo Transect (UPT) method collects data in the field in the form of underwater photos and analyzes them to obtain quantitative data. This method has a weakness, namely the low level of accuracy in detecting coral reef diseases. This study proposes coral reef disease detection using the YOLO model YOLO8l, YOLO8x, and YOLO8m. The results of the model evaluation  test  with  a  threshold  value  of  0.5  to  0.95  against  the  test  data  show  that  the  three  models  can  detect  coral  reef  diseases  with  an  accuracy  of  99%.  These  results  prove  that  the  YOLOv8  model  in  this  study  is  suitable  for  the  real-time detection of coral reef diseases to replace the Underwater Photo Transect (UPT) method, which has low accuracy. Applying the YOLOv8 method will help Prevent Marine Habitat Damage in Batam City</text>
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            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Rifa’atul Mahmudah Burhan1, Refli Noviardi2, M Abrar Masril3, Firmansyah</text>
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                <text>https://jurnal.iaii.or.id/index.php/RESTI/article/view/6062/1145</text>
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                <text>Information System, Information Technology, Batam Institute of Technology, Batam, Indonesia</text>
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                <text>October 13, 2025</text>
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                <text>FAJAR BAGUS W</text>
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                  <text>Vol 9 No 5 (2025)</text>
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                <text>Image Classification of Rice Leaf Diseases with KNN Based Model  using Stratified-KCV</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text> image classification; rice leaf diseases; rgb; stratified k-fold cross validation; vgg16 </text>
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                <text>Rice  is  a  staple  food  for  people  in  the  world,  especially  Indonesia.  The  rice  harvest  decreased  in  2023,  reducing  harvest  productivity and causing losses for farmers. Rice cultivation is often affected by diseases that hinder rice harvests. SKCV is a resampling  method  that  performs  more  accurately  because  it  can  ensure  that  class  frequencies  are  maintained.  RGB  and  VGG16 are image processing methods that extract images into numerics. RGB image extraction is done by taking the average value of the red, green, and blue layers while VGG16 image extraction is done by taking the value of visual pattern features such as edges, textures, and object shapes. In this study, rice leaf diseases were classified using KNN-based models, including KNN,  WKNN,  CDNN,  and  ECDNN.  This  classification  was  performed  to  determine  which  method  had  better  performance  using SKCV and comparing the results of RGB and VGG16 image extraction. This classification also produces a comparison of SKCV and KCV results to determine the best resampling performance. The results of the analysis that have been carried out show  that  the  ECDNN  method  produces  the  highest  accuracy  of  81.20%  in  classifying  rice  leaf  diseases  using  SKCV  with  VGG16 extraction followed by CDNN and WKNN each at 68.80%, and KNN at 56.20% while RGB extraction only produces an  accuracy  of  43.8%  using  ECDNN  and  CDNN,  56.20%  using  WKNN,  and  50%  using  KNN.  The  results  of  this  rice  leaf  diseases classification analysis are expected to help farmers in increasing rice production in Indonesia</text>
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            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Tasya Anisah Rizqi1,  Anwar Fitrianto2,  Kusman Sadik</text>
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                <text>https://jurnal.iaii.or.id/index.php/RESTI/article/view/6590/1142</text>
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                <text>Department of Statistics, School of Data Science, Mathematics, and Informatics, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia</text>
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                <text>October 12, 2025</text>
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                <text>Spatial-Temporal Analysis of Earthquakes in Indonesia  with Deep Learning Models: Performance Evaluation of CNN, LSTM, and Hybrid CNN-GRU</text>
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                <text>bidirectional LSTM; deep learning; earthquake prediction; Hybrid CNN-GRU; spatiotemporal analysis </text>
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                <text>Indonesia,  located  along  the  Pacific  Ring  of  Fire,  experiences  high  seismic  activity  with  over  6,000  earthquakes  annually.  Accurate earthquake prediction remains a major challenge because of the complexity of geological dynamics and limitations of  traditional  methods  in  capturing  nonlinear  seismic  patterns.  Although  deep  learning  approaches  have  shown  promise,  previous  studies  have  often  treated  spatial  and  temporal  analyses  separately,  limiting  holistic  predictive  performance.  This  study proposes a novel hybrid CNN-GRU deep learning model that integrates spatial feature extraction CNN and temporal sequence  modeling  GRU,  and  compares  its  performance  with  of  that  CNN,  LSTM,  GRU,  and  Bidirectional  LSTM  using  adataset of 117,251 earthquake events in Indonesia (2008–2024). The results show that Bidirectional LSTM achieved the best temporal accuracy (R² 0.653, RMSE 0.592), while the hybrid CNN-GRU provided balanced spatial-temporal performance (R² 0.587). Notably, the performance gap between Bidirectional LSTM and other models (e.g., Hybrid CNN-GRU) was statistically validated via paired t-test (p &lt; 0.05). The proposed models generalize well to unseen regions such as Maluku-Papua. The key contribution is the hybridization of spatial-temporal learning in a single-model architecture - where CNN processes latitude-longitude coordinates via 1D convolutions while GRU handles temporal sequences - an approach lacking in earlier works. This directly improves early warning systems in seismically active areas by providing 32% higher accuracy than conventional methods</text>
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                <text>Susandri Susandri1,  Feldiansyah Bakri Nasution2, Fajrizal Fajrizal3, Saparudin4</text>
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                <text>https://jurnal.iaii.or.id/index.php/RESTI/article/view/6538/1137</text>
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                <text>Postgraduate of Computer Science, University of Lancang Kuning, Pekanbaru, Indonesia</text>
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                <text>FAJAR BAGUS W</text>
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                  <text>Vol 9 No 5 (2025)</text>
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                <text>Application of Reinforcement Learning to Solve Rubrik’s Cube with Markov Decision Process</text>
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                <text>The Rubik's Cube is a tricky puzzle that can be arranged in countless ways, making it hard for both people and computers to figure out. While standard solving methods use fixed strategies, this research looks into using reinforcement learning (RL) to create a flexible and effective way to solve it. The goal of this research is to develop an RL-based solver that uses the Markov Decision Process (MDP) system, focusing on speed, efficient moves, and the number of steps needed to solve the cube. The suggested model uses Q-learning and Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) to figure out the best moves at each stage of the game, training  through  lots  of  Rubik's  Cube  simulations.  What  makes  this  research  unique  is  the  combination  of  MCTS  with  Q-learning,  which  improves  decision-making  by  needing  fewer  moves  than  standard  methods.  The  tests  show  that  this  model  reaches almost perfect solutions with fewer moves, doing better than simple rule-based methods. Also, a web app was created to give live solving techniques based on the cube arrangements that users provide. This research helps grow the use of RL in puzzles like the Rubik's Cube and gives a useful tool for fans who want to get better at solving the cube</text>
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                <text>Defni1, Andi Fathul Mukminin2, Ainil Mardhiah3, Titin Ritmi4, Junaldi5, Yuhefizar6, Fibriyanti7</text>
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                <text>https://jurnal.iaii.or.id/index.php/RESTI/article/view/6552/1135</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="113184">
                <text>Information Technology, Padang State Polytechnic, West Sumatera, Indonesi</text>
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                <text>FAJAR BAGUS W</text>
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                  <text>Vol 9 No 5 (2025)</text>
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                <text>Software Product Line Engineering in Supply Chain Management Systems for Manufacturing Sector</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>delta-oriented programming; software product line engineering; supply chain management</text>
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                <text>Manufacturing  companies  are  industrial  enterprises  that  process  raw  materials  and  implement  Supply  Chain  Management  (SCM). SCM encompasses three stages: material management, planning and control, and production. While these stages are common across manufacturing companies, the workflows and strategies employed vary based on the type of goods produced. For example, one company typically approaches process orders based on requests, whereas the other processes orders based on stock availability. To address these similarities and differences, a software product line engineering (SPLE) approach can be utilized to develop SCM systems. This approach has already been proven effective in other cases, such as developing various product  specifications  for  our  Crowdfunding  Application  (Amanah  CS  UI)  partner.  SPLE  follows  the  principle  of  mass  customization, analyzing the commonalities and variabilities of the SCM system to meet diverse company needs. This approach improves the cost optimization and time efficiency in developing various SCM specifications to fulfill the requirements of each company.  The  development  of  the  SCM  system  in  this  study  adopts  a  delta-oriented  programming  paradigm  and  Abstract  Behavioral Specification programming language. Subsequently, a comparison was made between the development of the SCM system using the SPLE approach and the clone-and-own approach. The research results in an enhanced SCM system developed through  the  SPLE,  establishing  it  as  the  primary  solution  to  existing  development  issues:  reusing  shared  components  and  adding new custom components. Additionally, it includes an analysis that compares the SPLE approach with the clone-and-own method.</text>
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                <text>Jehian Norman Saviero1,  Muhammad Raihan2, Oman Komarudin3, Ade Azurat</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="113172">
                <text>https://jurnal.iaii.or.id/index.php/RESTI/article/view/5605/1134</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="113173">
                <text>Faculty of Computer Science, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia</text>
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                <text>October 3, 2025</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="113175">
                <text>FAJAR BAGUS W</text>
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                  <text>Vol 9 No 5 (2025)</text>
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                <text>Enhancing Recruitment Efficiency in the Indonesian Pharmaceutical Industry Using Backpropagation Neural Networ</text>
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                <text>PT K-24 Indonesia is one of the foremost companies in Indonesia, with a primary focus on distributing pharmaceutical products and healthcare services. Over the last two years, PT K-24 has received more than 110,000 job applicants, offering various position vacancies. The recruitment process began with registrations, online tests, and interviews. The need for manpower has increased annually in recent years. More attention is required when selecting prospective employees who meet the selection criteria.  However,  PT  K-24  found  that  the  recruitment  process  was  less  efficient  because  the  applicants  did  not  meet  the  company’s criteria. To overcome this problem, it is necessary to create an employee selection model for candidate selection. This study developed a recommendation using the multilayer perceptron method, namely, backpropagation. The results of this study add to the confidence of prior research that the backpropagation algorithm is effective for prediction and reliable forsimilar prediction tasks. This study found that using 112,397 relevant data, 23 input parameters, 1 hidden layer containing 10 neurons, ReLu activation function, and Adam solver produced better prediction, with an MSE of 0.029. Our study contributes to the methodological approach by implementing real-world problems and measuring specific criteria relevant to the selection process. </text>
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                <text>Apfia Normalita1, Jong Jek Siang2*, Halim Budi Santoso</text>
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                <text>https://jurnal.iaii.or.id/index.php/RESTI/article/view/6303/1133</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="113163">
                <text>Department of Information Systems, Duta Wacana Christian University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia</text>
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                <text>October3, 2025</text>
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                <text>Hospital  readmission  among  diabetic  patients  poses  a  significant  burden  on  healthcare  systems  due  to  its  frequency  and  associated  costs.  This  study  presents  a  machine  learning  framework  for  predicting  30-day  readmission  in  diabetic  patients  using  the  Diabetes  130-US  Hospitals  dataset.  The  framework  integrates  data  preprocessing,  SMOTE  for  class  balancing,  ensemble learning, and explainable AI (SHAP and LIME) to enhance both accuracy and interpretability. Multiple models were evaluated, and the best performance was achieved by a weighted ensemble with a recall of 89.43% and an F1-score of 0.6612, indicating  strong  sensitivity.  Explainability  analysis  using  SHAP  and  LIME  highlighted  key  predictors,  notably  Medication  Change Status and Inpatient Admissions, which are clinically relevant. By combining predictive performance with transparent explanations, the proposed framework offers a practical and trustworthy tool for clinical decision support in managing diabetic readmissions</text>
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                <text>Joshua Pinem1,  Widi Astuti2,  Adiwijaya3</text>
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                <text>https://jurnal.iaii.or.id/index.php/RESTI/article/view/6977/1132</text>
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                <text>Informatics Study Program, School of Computing, Telkom University, Bandung, Indonesia</text>
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                <text>HUBUNGAN PERSEPSI BEBAN KERJA PERAWAT DENGAN KUALITAS&#13;
PENDOKUMENTASIAN ELECTRONIC RECORD MEDICAL ASUHAN&#13;
KEPERAWATAN DI RUANG RAWAT INAP DAN IGD&#13;
RUMAH SAKIT ISLAM KARAWANG TAHUN 2025</text>
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                <text>beban kerja perawat merupakan salah satu faktor yang berpotensi memengaruhi kualitas&#13;
pendokumentasian asuhan keperawatan. pendokumentasian yang tidak lengkap dan tidak tepat waktu&#13;
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mengetahui hubungan persepsi beban kerja perawat dengan kualitas pendokumentasian electronic&#13;
medical record asuhan keperawatan di ruang rawat inap dan instalasi gawat darurat rumah sakit islam&#13;
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pendekatan cross sectional. jumlah sampel sebanyak 88 perawat yang diambil menggunakan teknik&#13;
total sampling. instrumen penelitian berupa kuesioner persepsi beban kerja perawat dan lembar&#13;
observasi kualitas pendokumentasian electronic medical record asuhan keperawatan. analisis data&#13;
dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat menggunakan uji chi-square. hasil penelitian menunjukkan&#13;
adanya hubungan antara persepsi beban kerja perawat dengan kualitas pendokumentasian electronic&#13;
medical record asuhan keperawatan. perawat dengan persepsi beban kerja tinggi cenderung mengalami&#13;
penurunan kualitas pendokumentasian. simpulan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengelolaan beban&#13;
kerja dan dukungan sistem pendokumentasian sangat diperlukan untuk meningkatkan mutu asuhan&#13;
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&#13;
, H. Agus Subari, M.Kes3</text>
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