1 10 13 https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/243ee044082318023f71c0eb8a75cd01.pdf 25548a703223b7a617914d0cec7496e4 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource VOL.18 NO.3 (2023) Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource PERI IRAWAN Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource An exploration of the reception and expectations of medical information among hospitalized elderly patients and their primary caregivers in Taiwan: a mixed-methods study Subject The topic of the resource receipt of information, expectation, hospitalized elders, care providers, Taiwan Description An account of the resource Introduction: Adults older are increasing in Taiwan. The receipt of information and expectations related to informational messages provided to hospitalized elders have not been studied. The study aim is to explore the status of receipt of information and expectations among hospitalized elders and their care providers in Taiwan. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional and mixed-methods study design was used in in a geriatric ward in a medical center. The participants were 60 patients of 65 years and their care providers were obtained by convenience sampling. The data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire and checklists. Physician messages and the data for each participant were collected in one regular ward round. Results: Twenty-eight patients (46.7%) could not repeat the messages. The message repetition rate was 21.9% the first hour and was 62.9% after hinting. The total message repetition rate of the main care providers was 36.0% and was 80.3% after hinting. “Desire to know the reasons for discomfort” and “discharge date” were the messages most expected by the patients. “None,” “conditions associated with the progress of the illness,” “discharge date” and “relevant information of examination results” were the messages most expected by their care providers. Conclusions: The majority of the hospitalized elderly and their care providers could not repeat medical messages conveyed by the physicians. The informed messages should be sorting, and the reminder should be repeated within a short time. Medical professionals should be aware of the patients’ real concerns before providing medical information. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Kai-Li Chen1 ,Chia-Ming Chang2,3 , Mei-Chih Huang4,5 , and Ching-Huey Chen6,7 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jn.v18i3.43669 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 24 September 2023 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource peri irawan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource english Type The nature or genre of the resource text receipt of information, expectation, hospitalized elders, care providers, Taiwan https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/559b4440e3d9335626df4cdb94952b91.pdf eb8093d9171a38d6110980bc11ef9769 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource VOL.18 NO.3 (2023) Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource PERI IRAWAN Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Analysis of factors affecting fear and mental health awareness of coronavirus disease infection Subject The topic of the resource COVID-19, crisis, factors, fear, mental health Description An account of the resource Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global health challenge that persists in causing both health emergencies and mental health crises around the world. This study aimed to analyze the factors contributing to COVID-19 infection and their impact on mental health crises on Java Island. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between June and July 2020 on Java Island, Indonesia, involving 1,218 respondents selected through convenience sampling. The independent variables included demographic, individual internal, and psychological factors, while the dependent variable was mental health crisis occurrence. Data were collected through demographic information, knowledge and attitude questionnaires, depression anxiety stress scores, the brief-COPE inventory, as well as surveys addressing encountered problems and mental health emergencies. The collected data underwent analysis using chi-square and multivariate logistic regression. Results: Significance was observed in the relationship between demographic, individual internal, and psychological factors, and their impact on mental health crises (p < 0.05). Following adjustment with logistic regression, psychological factors exhibited a more pronounced relationship, with the highest association observed in stress levels (p = 0.000, 95% CI: 1.064-2.131). Conclusions: Individual stress levels emerged as the foremost contributing factor to mental health crises. Psychological elements, encompassing anxiety levels, stress, coping mechanisms, and encountered challenges, played substantial roles in disrupting psychological well-being and mental health. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Nursalam Nursalam1 * , Elsi Dwi Hapsari2 , Setiawan Setiawan3 , Ni Luh Putu Inca Buntari Agustini4 , Diah Priyantini5 , and Khatijah Lim Abdullah6 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jn.v18i3.48168 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 14 August 2023 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource peri irawan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource english Type The nature or genre of the resource text COVID-19, crisis, factors, fear, mental health https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/fdaf25efdbbed477b1fae8676f8d1c42.pdf 2d83113927c359fb23df75ba1f9a6b98 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource VOL.18 NO.3 (2023) Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource PERI IRAWAN Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Behavioral risk factors and maternal nutrition as predictors of pre-eclampsia among pregnant women in rural areas: cross-sectional study Subject The topic of the resource behavior risk factor, obesity, pre-eclampsia Description An account of the resource Introduction: The behavior of pregnant women in caring for pregnancy is influenced by the environment, culture, and lifestyle of the community. This study aimed to analyze the behavior of pregnant women and their nutritional status during pregnancy contributes to the incidence of pre-eclampsia in rural areas. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional approach to 210 pregnant women who visited a community health center in East Java, Indonesia, in the period June 2020-February 2022. Potential risk factors, including maternal behavior in care during pregnancy, and obesity were evaluated as determinants of pre-eclampsia and its subtypes. The assessment instrument uses a structured questionnaire and has been tested for validity and reliability. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine potential risk factors. Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated to estimate the effects of individual factors. All statistical analyses were performed with SPSS version 22.0 with a p-value < 0.05 considered significant. Results: There were 65 (31%) pregnant women experiencing pre-eclampsia from 210 samples. Maternal behavior during pregnancy could predict the incidence of pre-eclampsia (p = 0.001; 95% CI 0.121-0.583; OR = 0.266) while obesity was able to predict pre-eclampsia (p = 0.00; 95% CI 1.705-5.209; OR = 3.00). the age of pregnant women p = 0.014; 95% CI 1.143-3,355; OR = 1.959), and history of hypertension p = 0.036; 95% CI 1.053 – 4.550; OR = 2.189). Conclusions: The behavior and nutritional status of pregnant women have been proven to influence the incidence of pre-eclampsia. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Awatiful Azza1,2 , Esti Yunitasari1 * , Mira Triharini1 , and Cipto Susilo Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jn.v18i3.47248 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 27 September 2023 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource peri irawan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource english Type The nature or genre of the resource text behavior risk factor, obesity, pre-eclampsia https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/08186f9909adde2f7eccfd365dd85c43.pdf 6031df8153fbe74d963cfc9457694e91 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource VOL.18 NO.3 (2023) Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource PERI IRAWAN Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Cyberincivility among Filipino Nursing Students in a public university: knowledge, experience,and acceptability Subject The topic of the resource cross-sectional study, cyberincivility, nursing students, Philippines, professionalism Description An account of the resource Introduction: The pandemic rapidly shifted nursing education to the online platform, and cybercommunication may expose students to the risk of online uncivil behaviors. Understanding cyberincivility in the primary mode of education during the pandemic is necessary. This study determined the cyberincivility knowledge, experience, and perception of acceptability among nursing students in the Philippines. Methods: A cross-sectional research design was employed with 300 Filipino nursing students of a public university who participated in the survey conducted last June 2021 using the Academic Cyberincivility Assessment Questionnaire. Data were described, and statistical differences and relationships were tested using ANOVA, t-Test, and Pearson correlation. Results: Findings indicated that nursing students generally had high knowledge (M=11.53), low experience (M=1.67), and low acceptability (M=1.41) of online uncivil behaviors. Academic cyberincivility knowledge, experience, and acceptability did not significantly vary (p>0.05) based on sex, year level, and duration of daily internet usage. There was a significant positive moderate correlation (r=.402, p=.000) between cyberincivility experience and acceptability. Conclusions: Nursing schools should continuously strive to avoid the risk of uncivil cyberspace behaviors and promote an online culture of civility in online learning spaces. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ella Mae G. Dinero1 , Irene Kathrena M. Fuentes1 , Ryan Michael F. Oducado1 * , Janelle Faye L. De la Peña1 , and Gabriel B. Ermita1 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jn.v18i3.44919 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1 September 2023 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource peri irawan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource english Type The nature or genre of the resource text cross-sectional study, cyberincivility, nursing students, Philippines, professionalism https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/ce0362b71bb97ae88eff701af300e069.pdf 265af1d11b675fdd4146563ea9818131 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource VOL.18 NO.3 (2023) Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource PERI IRAWAN Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Exploring problems and needs in disaster preparedness : a qualitative study Subject The topic of the resource community, disaster, need, preparedness, problem Description An account of the resource Introduction: Disasters are sudden, unplanned events that cause damage and loss to people. The way people understand or interpret disasters that occur is very diverse, so they respond and act on differently in anticipating future disasters that may occur in their environment. There is also diversity in problems and needs based on community perception. The purpose of this research is to explore the problems and needs related to disaster preparedness in the community. Methods: An ethnographic study was conducted from September 2021 until July 2022 at Central Sulawesi. Twenty- five participants who met the inclusion criteria were involved through purposive sampling. The inclusion criterion was communities who directly affected by the Palu disaster on September 28, 2018. Researchers used a semi-structured interview guide as a data collection tool. Recording devices were used during the interviews. Interview data were recorded verbatim and the data analysis process was based on Gerrish and Lacey. Checking members and bold descriptions was done to maintain the validity of the data. Results: Three main themes were found from emerging data, 1) Health support needs, 2) Knowledge support needs, and 3) Disaster support system needs., the researchers asked both community members and parties concerning problems and needs in regard to preparedness related to disasters. Conclusions: Information support related to disasters, technology support especially in terms of early warning systems, as well as socialization and first aid training for health are needed for the community to support the sustainability of disaster preparedness in the community. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Joanggi Wiriatarina Harianto1,2 and Khanitta Nuntaboot2 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jn.v18i3.44841 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 7 August 2023 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource peri irawan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource english Type The nature or genre of the resource text community, disaster, need, preparedness, problem https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/0b54068b422a5c84943160a71ebd4472.pdf 6db43d2730efdd42bf582d31b4be6401 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource VOL.18 NO.3 (2023) Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource PERI IRAWAN Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Factors associated with quality of life among patients undergoing hemodialysis in Indonesia Subject The topic of the resource chronic kidney disease, hemoglobin, urea level, hemodialysis, quality of life Description An account of the resource Introduction: Chronic kidney disease patients will suffer a variety of health issues throughout their lifetimes, particularly with regard to their quality of life, whether they are receiving treatment or undergoing hemodialysis (HD). HD not only affects the patient's physical condition but also psychosocial conditions and their mental health. This study aimed to determine factors associated with QOL among patients undergoing HD in Indonesia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Malang, Indonesia during August to December of 2020. The inclusion criteria were patients undergoing HD two times a week and aged over 18 years old. QOL was measured using the World Health Organization Quality of Life Brief Version (WHOQOL-BREF). Linear regression was used to determine factors associated with QOL. Results: About 150 participants agreed to join in this study (response rate: 84.4%) with their mean age 52.76 (SD=13.45). The total mean of the QOL in patients undergoing HD was 74.4 ± 27.7 with a range from 10 to 100. The highest mean score was reported for physical health (78.3 ± 24.8) and the lowest score was reported for environmental (72.6 ± 24.3). Linear regression showed that long duration of HD, hemoglobin concentration and blood urea with R2 was 34.6%. Conclusions: Longer duration of HD, low hemoglobin concentration and high blood urea were factors associated with lower QOL in patients undergoing HD. The results of the above study recommend to nurses and health workers to improve critical thinking skills, including measuring levels of urea and hemoglobin, which have an impact on the QOL of patients undergoing HD. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Wiwit Dwi Nurbadriyah1,3 * , Nursalam Nursalam1 , Ika Yuni Widyawati1 , and Ardhiles Wahyu Kurniawan3 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jn.v18i3.46280 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 20 September 2023 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource peri irawan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource english Type The nature or genre of the resource text chronic kidney disease, hemoglobin, urea level, hemodialysis, quality of life https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/db16a978c25d0a35df6c03008db7fe7b.pdf b7d54c34b4de27bccba077310f327b74 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource VOL.18 NO.3 (2023) Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource PERI IRAWAN Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Navigating the new normal: infection prevention and control strategies post-COVID-19 Subject The topic of the resource the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) phenomenon occurred Description An account of the resource It is now more than three years since the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) phenomenon occurred unprecedentedly creating tremendous chaos and profoundly affecting the world. The phenomenon moved into a trajectory of epidemic, pandemic and currently, the endemic phase. The door to opportunities for evaluating and improving nursing practices remains open along this trajectory. Fear and anxiety are the two common emotional responses during the COVID-19 pandemic among nurses at all level, be them trained, academics or students. Intensely echoed in extensive global COVID-19 studies, the emotions are identified to be rooted from the deficiency in preparedness for infection prevention and control (IPC). Efforts encompassing ad hoc and regular practical interventions at healthcare settings and educational institutions were undertaken to compromise these deficits. The urgency of providing a timely, adequate and sufficient amount of IPC training reached its uttermost significance than ever before. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Khadizah H. Abdul-Mumin1,2* , Yea Fui Chung3 , and Zairul Haji Awang-Mohamad-Zaini4 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jn.v18i3.49407 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 3, June 2023, Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource peri irawan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource english Type The nature or genre of the resource text the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) phenomenon occurred https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/7e3e674f0d521ea2b319717135723169.pdf 4e8438f778ca6ac95e25b195899f73c1 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource VOL.18 NO.3 (2023) Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource PERI IRAWAN Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Parents’ knowledge, attitude, and practice on children’s screen time at home and theimplications for nurses in promoting health: a cross-sectional study Subject The topic of the resource children, parent’s attitude, parent’s knowledge, parent’s practices, screen time, Description An account of the resource Introduction: The present study investigated the parent’s knowledge, attitude, practice, and experience of the screen time spent by their children at home aged below 5 years old, identifying the common screen-based devices used, content type, and level of screen time spent by the children. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of parents having children aged 0 to 4 years old attending the Maternal and Child Health Care Clinics in four districts in Brunei Darussalam was conducted. A questionnaire was developed through the Qualtrics platform. Data were analyzed using R Studio Desktop version 1.2.1335. The statistical analyses included descriptive statistics and Fisher’s exact test. Results: Parents’ knowledge, attitude, and practice of screen time spent by their children are generally positive; parents who correctly answered the knowledge section overall average of 30.1% (n=34). Children studied (<2 years old and 3 to 4 years old) were found to spend more time watching television. A statistically significant association was observed between children of both age groups with time spent on tablet device (p=0.037) and (p=<0.001). Also, a significant association between parents’ knowledge, attitude and practice with gender of the parents, household income, and total number of children was reported. Conclusions: We conclude that the children in our study exceeded the recommended guidelines on screen time behavior and the parents’ health knowledge with regard to screen time was poor which emphasized the need for improvement and further study. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Nur Fatin-Aqilah Arippin1 , Mardiah Haji Mahmud2 , Hanif Abdul Rahman1 , Kolinmo-Yumni A. Aliy-Yuin3 , Linda Lai Swee Ching4 , and Khadizah H. Abdul-Mumin1,5* Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jn.v18i3.49891 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 24 September 2023 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource peri irawan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource english Type The nature or genre of the resource text children, parent’s attitude, parent’s knowledge, parent’s practices, screen time, https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/b66427bf45d9ec1ce3144313793ebf6f.pdf 3aa71753c68286fd9e00ae19db62376d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource VOL.18 NO.3 (2023) Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource PERI IRAWAN Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Psychometric testing of the indonesian version of beck depression inventory-II among Indonesian floods survivors Subject The topic of the resource bahasa Indonesia, community, depression instrument, floods disaster, reliability and validity Description An account of the resource Introduction: Indonesia is a multi-linguistic country using the official language of Bahasa Indonesia. It is important to use formal language to collect research data without misinterpretation of study outcome and intervention effect with high accuracy. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze whether the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) instrument translated into the Indonesian version was reliable and valid for measuring depression in floods-affected communities. Methods: The forward-backward translation was used to translate the BDI-II from English to Indonesian version. We tested the reliability and validity including content and construct validity through exploratory factor analysis (EFA) with varimax rotation and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). We recruited 107 annual flood survivors in West Java, Indonesia as participants to test the psychometric testing. Results: The structures shown by the EFA are two factors, with Factor 1 representing negative cognitive-attitude domains and somatic symptom items consisting of Factor 2. The CFA concludes that the general factor model best fits the data on the basis Goodness-of-Fit Index (GFI)= 0.8; Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA)= 0.09; Standard Root-Mean-Square Residual (SRMSR)); Comparative Fit Index (CFI)= 0.81; Tucker–Lewis Index (TLI)= 0.79; and p-value χ2 = < 0.01, χ2/df: 1.82). Conclusions: The results showed that the BDI-II Indonesian version has good reliability and validity and can be used to measure depression status among people who suffer floods in community setting. Future studies need to be validated within multiple socio-cultural groups. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Tutu April Ariani1,3 * , Anastasia Anna2 , Henik Tri Rahayu3 , Nur Aini3 , Heni Dwi Windarwati4 , Taty Hernawaty2 , Sriyani Padmalatha Konara Mudiyanselage5,6 , and Mei-Feng Lin7 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jn.v18i3.47313 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 26 September 2023 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource peri irawan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource english Type The nature or genre of the resource text bahasa Indonesia, community, depression instrument, floods disaster, reliability and validity https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/57753256f69710dcbdd786956094bed9.pdf 0962a1b2e0f9a59788a969175c61d413 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource VOL.18 NO.3 (2023) Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource PERI IRAWAN Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The complexities of human procedural nursing research ethical approval processes in Indonesia Subject The topic of the resource developing countries, ethics, nursing, research methods Description An account of the resource Introduction: Research requires high quality ethical practices. However, research approvals vary between developed and developing countries resulting in additional challenges for researchers wishing to participate in collaborative research projects. The aim of this paper is to describe and discuss three nursing research ethics application processes in different locations in Indonesia that had an Australian university overseeing them. The first research project aimed to identify the health needs of women and their families in the Surabaya region. The second project aimed to interview women with breast cancer in the Bandung region and the third project aimed to examine empowerment issues in diabetes care in supporting patient self-management in Jakarta. Methods: Three nurse researchers provide a reflective account of the ethics application processes of their qualitative research projects conducted between 2014 and 2021. A collective case-study methodology using descriptive analysis was applied where the information was collated and compared for similarities, differences and challenges. Results: Ethics and site approvals varied at each Indonesian site. The ethical and approval application processes were time-consuming at all levels. which delayed the start of all the projects, which varied from between one to six months. As a result, all three projects experienced delayed completion. Conclusions: Ethical approval is required for medical research prior to any data collection. Approval processes need to be consistent so that delays in the application processes are avoided. Any delays in approval to conduct research has implications for research projects. It is essential that timeframe factors need to be considered when applying for grant funding, gatekeepers are identified early, and payments are identified and planned for. It is recommended that, to improve consistency with ethical application processes, streamlining of applications and approvals in Indonesia needs to be reviewed, particularly since the introduction of the WHO March 2022 Standard Operating Procedures. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Wendy Abigail1 * , Yulia Yulia2 , Juliana Christina1,3 , and Retnayu Pradanie4 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jn.v18i3.44463 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 19 September 2023 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource peri irawan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource english Type The nature or genre of the resource text developing countries, ethics, nursing, research methods