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                  <text>Safety and Health at Work Vol. 15 Issue 3 2024</text>
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                <text>Prevalence of Workplace Microaggressions and Racial Discrimination:&#13;
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                <text>Microaggression&#13;
Prevalence&#13;
Racial discrimination&#13;
Workplace</text>
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                <text> In recent years, the rise of workplace racial discrimination and microaggressions has&#13;
decreased the efficiency and productivity of organizations and institutions, and realization of organizational goals globally. Accordingly, it was decided to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis in&#13;
the present study with the aim of investigating the prevalence of microaggression and racial discrimination in the workplace.&#13;
Methods: The PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar databases were systematically searched for studies that had reported the effects of work stress among managers. The search&#13;
did include a lower time limit and was conducted in June 2023. The heterogeneity of the studies was&#13;
investigated using the I&#13;
2 index, and accordingly random effects method was adopted for meta-analysis.&#13;
Data analysis was conducted with the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (v.2) software.&#13;
Results: In the review of seven studies with a sample size of 2998 people, the overall prevalence of&#13;
microaggression and racial discrimination in the workplace was found to be 73.6% and 18.8%, respectively. Publication bias within the selected studies was examined with the Egger’s test, which indicated&#13;
the absence of publication bias for the pooled prevalence of workplace microaggression (p: 0.264) and&#13;
for the pooled prevalence of workplace racial discrimination (p: 0.061).&#13;
Conclusion: The results obtained from this report indicate the high impact of micro-aggression and racial&#13;
discrimination in the workplace. Considering the negative effects of such behaviours, the findings from&#13;
this study will be helpful to managers and health policymakers.</text>
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                <text>Nader Salari 1,2&#13;
, Ahoura Fattah 3&#13;
, Amin Hosseinian-Far 4&#13;
, Mojdeh Larti 2&#13;
, Sina Sharifi 5&#13;
,&#13;
Masoud Mohammadi 6,*&#13;
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                <text>1Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran&#13;
2 Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran&#13;
3 Medical Biology Research Centre, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran&#13;
4Department of Business Analytics &amp; Systems, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, AL10 9EU, UK 5 Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran&#13;
6 Research Center for NonCommunicable Diseases, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran</text>
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                <text>FAJAR BAGUS W</text>
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                <text>Measures of Work-life Balance and Interventions of Reasonable&#13;
Accommodations for the Return to Work of Cancer Survivors: A&#13;
Scoping Review</text>
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Return to work&#13;
Scoping review&#13;
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                <text>Nearly half of patients diagnosed with cancer are in the middle of their traditional working&#13;
age. The return to work after cancer entails challenges because of the cancer or treatments and associated with the workplace. The study aimed at providing more insight into the occupational outcomes&#13;
encountered by workers with cancer and to provide interventions, programs, and practices to support&#13;
their return to work.&#13;
Methods: A scoping review was conducted using the Arksey and O’Malley framework and the Preferred&#13;
Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses for scoping review guidelines. Relevant&#13;
studies were systematically searched in PubMed/MEDLINE, SCOPUS and Grey literature from 01 January&#13;
2000 to 22 February 2024.&#13;
Results: The literature search generated 3,017 articles; 53 studies were considered eligible for this review. Most of the studies were longitudinal and conducted in Europe. Three macroarea were identified:&#13;
studies on the impact of cancer on workers in terms of sick leave, employment, return to work, etc.;&#13;
studies reporting wider issues that may affect workers, such as the compatibility of treatment and work&#13;
and employment; studies reporting interventions or policies aiming to promote the return to work.&#13;
Conclusion: There is a lack in the literature in defining multidisciplinary interventions combining&#13;
physical, psycho-behavioural, educational, and vocational components that could increase the return-towork rates. Future studies should focus on interdisciplinary return to work efforts with multiple&#13;
stakeholders with the involvement of an interdisciplinary teamwork (healthcare workers and employers)&#13;
to combine these multidisciplinary interventions at the beginning of sick leave period</text>
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                <text>Giuliana Buresti 1,q, Bruna Maria Rondinone 1,q, Antonio Valenti 1,*, Fabio Boccuni 1&#13;
,&#13;
Grazia Fortuna 1&#13;
, Sergio Iavicoli 2&#13;
, Maria Cristina Dentici 1&#13;
, Benedetta Persechino 1</text>
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                <text>Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Italian Workers’ Compensation Authority (INAIL), Monte Porzio&#13;
Catone, Rome, Italy&#13;
2 Ministry of Health, Rome, Italy</text>
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                <text>Qualitative Study of Multilevel Barriers and Facilitators Associated&#13;
With Physical Activity and Diet Among Long-haul Truck Drivers</text>
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                <text>Access&#13;
Occupations&#13;
Sedentary&#13;
Work environment</text>
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                <text> Long-haul truck drivers (LHTD) experience disproportionately greater chronic disease risk,&#13;
which may be influenced by both occupational and lifestyle factors. This study aimed to explore the&#13;
multilevel factors associated with LHTD’s diet and physical activity (PA).&#13;
Methods: Thirty in-depth interviews were conducted with LHTD in the Southern California border region. Interview questions captured occupational and lifestyle factors relating to PA and diet at multiple&#13;
levels and were analyzed using thematic analysis.&#13;
Results: Emergent themes relating to both diet and PA included time constraints, attitudes and perceived&#13;
beliefs, and accessibility of environments to engage in PA and healthy eating. Themes specific to PA were&#13;
weather conditions and flatbed job duties. Themes specific to diet included access to refrigerators/microwaves and social interactions.&#13;
Conclusion: Findings from this study can inform the development of tailored, multi-level interventions to&#13;
encourage PA and healthy dietary behaviors among LHTD</text>
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                <text>Noe C. Crespo 1,2,*, Daniel Manzo 1,3&#13;
, Vanessa Perez 1&#13;
, Eric R. Walsh-Buhi 4&#13;
, Jerel P. Calzo 1</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="125820">
                <text>1 School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA&#13;
2 Institute for Behavioral and Community Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA&#13;
3 Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego Health, La Jolla, CA, USA&#13;
4 School of Public Health, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA</text>
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                <text>18 May 2024</text>
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                <text>FAJAR BAGUS W</text>
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                  <text>Safety and Health at Work Vol. 15 Issue 3 2024</text>
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                <text>Meaning of Work-life Balance for Workers With Disabilities</text>
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                <text>Job satisfaction&#13;
Turnover behavior&#13;
Turnover intention&#13;
Work-life balance&#13;
Workers with disabilities</text>
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                <text>This article aims to show that work-life balance (WLB) for workers with disabilities can&#13;
have important meanings that can affect turnover intention and exclusion from the labor market.&#13;
Methods: Using the Korean Panel Survey of Employment for the Disabled (1ste8th), panel logit models&#13;
were applied to analyze the effect of WLB on the voluntary turnover intention and behavior of workers&#13;
with disabilities. WLB types were categorized into four groups (Work-Life Dissatisfaction Group, Only&#13;
Work Dissatisfaction Group, Only Life Dissatisfaction Group, and Work-Life Balance Group) based on the&#13;
integration of job satisfaction and life satisfaction.&#13;
Results: Turnover intention was significantly higher in the work-life imbalance groups (Work-Life&#13;
Dissatisfaction Group, Only Work Dissatisfaction Group), which is commonly associated with job&#13;
dissatisfaction. The effect of WLB on turnover intention was 1.38 times higher in Only Work Dissatisfaction Group (b: 2.25, 99% confidence interval [CI]: 1.50, 2.31), characterized by dissatisfaction solely&#13;
with their job, than in Work-Life Dissatisfaction Group (b: 1.90, 99% CI: 1.97, 2.53), which was experiencing dissatisfaction with both work and life. Only Work Dissatisfaction Group resulted in actual&#13;
turnover, with females (b: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.37, 1.09) more likely to exit the labor market and males (b: 0.66,&#13;
99% CI: 0.41, 0.89) showing a higher tendency to change jobs.&#13;
Conclusion: WLB policy should focus on job dissatisfaction, a key predictor of turnover intention that&#13;
leads to actual turnover behavior. Furthermore, women workers with disabilities are a priority policy&#13;
target group to prevent exclusion from labo</text>
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                <text>Hankyong National University, Pyeongtaek-si, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea</text>
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                <text>https://pdf.sciencedirectassets.com/287282/1-s2.0-S2093791124X00049/1-s2.0-S2093791124000398/main.pdf?X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEFIaCXVzLWVhc3QtMSJHMEUCIQC6Nl6WARes7RJbDuL9uG9V37zV0SpP4MOnpy9ySSSn4gIgLJoRL0lBi%2FBY4dVFJONItK39ocLeVuqF3k6CD6YwtrgqswUIGhAFGgwwNTkwMDM1NDY4NjUiDI5834aTz%2BOTpQbbeiqQBfZH9cliaQ9SAzdCRUAy9brHxiSevKjMfFwwtacdYJvGxwkol3hlt3Y5P29Hg96IWySFXrxGxa9VCvyNnbX6czYR%2Bgj7sWNcGf5gyaCMLuuUt6Mg2x9w8AMaG1NIYqAQBVhUVOWh7%2BCOZb0SThel8QNMDm0swiE6O%2BKWoIVbsVlgKYm2LYOUhy2tQbSkNSxQXEaxHzigkBqjnttGRc4tSxeLh9BGj%2B%2BLuw2qB%2FFUSMSlkUGPODqTYgP7ek4rWlASJixeifgJmMfce5mi3OE2Q76c77F09xVDU4bIXrP3YndZacbYwKxWFmTA2hqfrXvDyZZkPr9m0b64NLdGYY%2BfQcqybHnTyD9JOfDKqqFr4vsfaLNYj9Jo7svFDEQOJBu6IXjgDs0bM4PeHMGBkv1TdKKpGKzxwCoXfhYUfvXvL%2F4locOK3yNJD58GumZMkRs1JHU2DZ%2BL%2FCPjVS2QioNsWGfjSONM6PmQyYa%2F6Y3tiFpsIsk5PqVBJQ6%2FnJ3Z3jvojrmpSJwid%2B8J%2B%2FFltpMh9uc7e6xl9z%2Fw0BIlbmUlcK501i%2BIEyswoEZ5AbkosOzA37%2FVwt1XA5TlBmlRWQCZj%2FfYSUi%2F7lJfhwhibCTFqHXM3iFXUKeEY0RXpk6KvGmHEn%2Bk16Q%2BaQjD1M9tztBKd5%2FScOvis0%2B5ziDZuIxESFtykh3edmPqCCRqwJsNLDQEJTZV8ua4%2FVygG4d5%2BVR7XPzOE%2FYUfVgR9G9%2FMQMv15P6PJmC638MmsPYdjU8jfJkH6L2KOG5%2BLu3QicLPH1mTvDQDKUSLpi9yrMhmyYGeNzebsjORbfCbcOIYsgXZACDtrcXnvVJYpt4gvHwMEadhbCtPse%2BkRJk3qq5e5V%2BMD%2FNMMy7%2FswGOrEBNacQO6ldpkZZT5Xbm0vuIjvxwRwwMPgnQ96WIE7JdLJqK6%2B%2Fe36sSNOvM3UZJFtQYiNNx%2Fbf9kUSkpcsjpnsURwTF9W%2FVy4y%2FfU9ax7UlQ%2Bpd9BbS4qe3rV2UC0xHpEn0J5qebysPPr6aHpX4Gcfin4rEr0BOo1JTd0Akeewcl%2BG7TlQtz9vGqgttw4wVsWIECtMIUnZEiQ65AESRBO%2FprzvXQAPDhiHC%2BA4ABeiGnPS&amp;X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&amp;X-Amz-Date=20260226T015637Z&amp;X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&amp;X-Amz-Expires=300&amp;X-Amz-Credential=ASIAQ3PHCVTYZEAVQL4G%2F20260226%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&amp;X-Amz-Signature=aed91f34b05bbb9947b65f6d0206afedc4a700423a1ca52ad6a6551bc9da8e97&amp;hash=4e1882ab17ae3fc7ab1e73d23ccab09a13e66250d449b3577e71389b6bb94a41&amp;host=68042c943591013ac2b2430a89b270f6af2c76d8dfd086a07176afe7c76c2c61&amp;pii=S2093791124000398&amp;tid=spdf-90e01efe-b0bd-434e-9bf5-17bc1751ff8a&amp;sid=830681cc5d60f646526bf61913cd5206d1e8gxrqb&amp;type=client&amp;tsoh=d3d3LnNjaWVuY2VkaXJlY3QuY29t&amp;rh=d3d3LnNjaWVuY2VkaXJlY3QuY29t&amp;ua=0b015e065400055402&amp;rr=9d3bd3b6de8c2c28&amp;cc=id</text>
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="125831">
                <text>Hankyong National University, Pyeongtaek-si, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea</text>
              </elementText>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text> 31 May 2024</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="125833">
                <text>FAJAR BAGUS W</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="125834">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="125835">
                <text>ENGLISH</text>
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          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="125792">
                  <text>Safety and Health at Work Vol. 15 Issue 3 2024</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="125837">
                <text>Association Between Shift Work and Clean Room Environment on&#13;
Self-reported Premenstrual Symptoms and Menstrual Pain in Taiwan</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="125838">
                <text>Clean rooms&#13;
Dysmenorrhea&#13;
Painful menstruation&#13;
Shift work&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="125839">
                <text>Limited research has delved into the effects of work characteristics on premenstrual&#13;
symptoms (PMS) in women, which can influence work performance and overlook potential hazards for&#13;
women in their work environments. This study aimed to investigate the impact of shift work and&#13;
working in a clean room on premenstrual symptoms, menstrual status, and menstrual pain among&#13;
employed females in an electronics manufacturer.&#13;
Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on menstruating female employees between&#13;
August and December 2014, aged 18e55, who received regular employee health checks. Questionnaires&#13;
were designed to collect information on demographics, personal lifestyle, menstrual status, menstrual&#13;
pain scores, and self-reported premenstrual symptoms.&#13;
Results: Among 7,193 participants, 18.6% reported moderate to severe menstrual pain affecting their&#13;
work. Female workers who reported shift work showed an increased prevalence of moderate to severe&#13;
premenstrual symptoms, including fatigue (RR ¼ 1.20), somatic discomforts (RR ¼ 1.04), diarrhea&#13;
(RR ¼ 1.04), and tension (RR ¼ 1.05). Additionally, shift work was associated with an elevated risk of&#13;
experiencing a moderate or significant impact of menstrual pain on work (RR ¼ 1.03), menstrual irregularity (RR ¼ 1.30), and high menstrual pain (RR ¼ 1.23). Working in a clean room was associated with&#13;
an increased risk of high menstrual pain (RR ¼ 1.13). Subjects working shifts in a clean room had the&#13;
highest pain scores compared to the other groups.&#13;
Conclusion: This study underscores the association of work-related factors on PMS in female employees.&#13;
Our findings contribute to a better understanding of premenstrual symptoms in female workers with&#13;
different work characteristics, emphasizing the potential hazards of work-related factors on female&#13;
employees</text>
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="125840">
                <text>Su-Ying Tsai *</text>
              </elementText>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>Department of Health Management, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan</text>
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                <text>Disparities in Workplace Hazards and Organizational Protection&#13;
Resources by Enterprise Size: A National Representative Study of&#13;
South Korean Manufacturing Workers</text>
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Micro enterprise&#13;
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                <text>This study aimed to identify the prevalence of workplace hazards and organizational protection resources according to the size of the enterprise in the manufacturing industry of the Republic of&#13;
Korea.&#13;
Methods: We analyzed data of waged workers (weighted N ¼ 5,879) from the Fifth Korean Working&#13;
Conditions Survey (2017). Enterprise sizes were categorized as “micro enterprises” (less than five employees), “small enterprises” (5e49 employees) and “medium-large enterprises” (50 or more employees). Self-reported exposure to 18 physical, chemical, ergonomic, and psychological hazards were&#13;
measured. The presence of organizational protection resources such as a labor union, a safety delegate&#13;
working at the company, designated spaces to deal with safety, and the provision of health and safety&#13;
information was evaluated.&#13;
Results: Compared to workers in medium-large enterprises, those in micro enterprises showed a higher&#13;
proportion of exposure to most of physical, chemical, ergonomic, and psychological hazards, except for&#13;
exposure to solvents, prolonged sitting, and experiencing a state of emotional unrest. On the other hand,&#13;
workers in micro enterprises had the lowest proportion of access to organizational protection resources.&#13;
Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that manufacturing workers at the micro enterprise in the Republic&#13;
of Korea are exposed to the most hazardous work environment and yet have access to the fewest&#13;
organizational protection resources.</text>
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                <text>Hye-Lin Lee 1,q, Ji-Hwan Kim 2,q, Taesun Kang 3&#13;
, Garin Lee 1&#13;
, Hayoung Lee 1&#13;
,&#13;
Hee Won Kim 1&#13;
, Seung-Sup Kim 1,2,</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="125853">
                <text>1Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea&#13;
2 Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea&#13;
3Department of Safety Management, Seoul Cyber University, Republic of Korea</text>
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                <text>FAJAR BAGUS W</text>
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                  <text>Safety and Health at Work Vol. 15 Issue 3 2024</text>
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                <text>Safety Climate Transformation in Oil and Gas Company Ownership&#13;
Transition (Study Case from Multinational to National Company)</text>
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                <text>Oil and gas&#13;
Ownership changes&#13;
Safety climate</text>
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                <text>The aim of this research is to analyze the transformation of workers perceptions of the&#13;
safety climate in an oil and gas company in Indonesia when they experience a change in ownership from&#13;
a multinational to a national company.&#13;
Methods: This cross-sectional study used questionnaires distributed offline and online in three periods of&#13;
ownership of Company X. Data analysis was carried out descriptively by comparing workers perception&#13;
scores regarding the safety climate at Company X when managed by the multinational holder, transition&#13;
period, and national holder.&#13;
Results: Workers perceptions of the safety climate in Company X when it experienced a change in&#13;
ownership from a multinational company to a national company has a trend of decreasing scores (from&#13;
8.07 to 7.48). Overall, a decreasing trend in scores occurred in several sub-variables of safety climate,&#13;
namely management commitment (8.33 to 7.56), communication (8.10 to 7.64), safety priority (8.55 to&#13;
7.68), personal appreciation of risk (8.25 to 5.48), involvement (7.50 to 7.36), and personal priority and&#13;
need for safety (8.25 to 5.48).&#13;
Conclusions: Ownership changes cause a trend of decrease in employee perceptions of the safety climate&#13;
at Company X. Company’s priority on safety related to production target factors is decreasing due to the&#13;
change of ownership. On the other hand, the national period had a higher score in supportive environments and work environments, compared to the multinational period.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="125862">
                <text>Zulkifli Djunaidi 1,*, Mufti Wirawan 1&#13;
, Indri H. Susilowati 1&#13;
, Agra M. Khaliwa 1,2&#13;
,&#13;
Shellena A. Kanigara 1</text>
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                <text>1Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Faculty of Public Health, University of Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia&#13;
2 Health, Safety, and Environment Department, Concentrating Division, PT Freeport Indonesia, Indonesia&#13;
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                  <text>Safety and Health at Work Vol. 15 Issue 3 2024</text>
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                <text>Why do Workers Generate Biased Risk Perceptions? An Analysis&#13;
of Anchoring Effects and Influential Factors in Workers’ Assessment&#13;
of Unsafe Behavior</text>
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                <text>Accident-injury experiences&#13;
Anchoring effects&#13;
Risk perception&#13;
Unsafe behavior&#13;
Workplace safety</text>
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                <text> Risk perception plays a crucial role in workers’ unsafe behaviors. However, little research&#13;
has explored why workers generate biased risk perceptions, namely underestimating or overestimating&#13;
the risks of unsafe actions. Cognitive biases in risk perception arise from uncertainties about the dangers&#13;
of unsafe behaviors. As a typical heuristic strategy, the anchoring effect is critical in decision-making&#13;
under uncertain conditions. Consequently, this study empirically analyzed the influence of anchoring&#13;
effects on workers’ risk perception.&#13;
Methods: In 2022, a survey was conducted with 1,418 coal mine workers from Shanxi Province, China.&#13;
The survey instruments assessed workers’ risk perception of unsafe behavior, anchoring effects, need for&#13;
cognition, and safety knowledge. Multivariable linear regression models were employed to analyze the&#13;
associations among these variables.&#13;
Results: The findings verified the proposed anchoring effects. Specifically, experimenter-provided highrisk anchors led workers to overestimate unsafe behavior risks, thus reducing their tendency to engage in&#13;
such behavior. In contrast, experimenter-provided low-risk anchors and accident-injury experiences&#13;
(self-generated anchors) decreased workers’ risk perception, increasing their propensity to engage in&#13;
unsafe behavior. Additionally, workers’ safety knowledge and need for cognition significantly affected&#13;
anchoring effects.&#13;
Conclusion: This research enhances workplace safety studies by applying the anchoring effect from&#13;
psychology to risk perception research. Suggestions for improving risk perception encompass implementing hazard warnings, fostering safety education, and providing training. Furthermore, managers&#13;
should give special attention to workers with accident-injury experience and promptly correct their&#13;
accident fluke mentality, thereby improving overall risk awareness</text>
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, Quanlong Liu 1,2,*, Xinchun Li 1,2&#13;
, Yueqian Zhang 1&#13;
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              <elementText elementTextId="125875">
                <text>School of Economics and Management, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China&#13;
2 Key Construction Bases of Philosophy and Social Sciences in Jiangsu Universities (Safety Management Research Center), China University of Mining and&#13;
Technology, Xuzhou, China&#13;
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                <text>FAJAR BAGUS W</text>
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                  <text>Safety and Health at Work Vol. 15 Issue 3 2024</text>
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                <text>Effect of a Safety Leadership Training Including Coaching on Safety&#13;
Performance and Climate in Wood-processing Companies</text>
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                <text>Behavior-based safety&#13;
Safety behavior&#13;
Safety coaching&#13;
Safety leadership&#13;
Sawmill site</text>
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                <text>The wood-processing industry has historically exhibited high rates of occupational hazards&#13;
resulting in illness and injury. One of the major causes of high injury rates is small firm size, as resource&#13;
constraints generally preclude hiring safety officers. This study examined the effect of a safety leadership&#13;
training program that included coaching for managers on workers’ safety behaviors and safety climate in&#13;
three wood-processing companies.&#13;
Methods: One or two managers at each site participated in this study. The manager training consisted of&#13;
safety leadership education, safety observation, positive or corrective feedback on workers’ behaviors,&#13;
goal setting, and low-cost rewards for meeting goals. The dependent variable was the percentage of safe&#13;
employee behaviors recorded on a critical behavior checklist developed for this study. Safety climate was&#13;
measured before and after the intervention. An AB multiple baseline design across settings was adopted.&#13;
After the baseline (A), the training program (B) was introduced to each site at different points in time.&#13;
Results: After the introduction of safety leadership training, the mean rate of safety compliance increased&#13;
by 15.3%, from 80.38% to 95.68%, and safety climate scores increased significantly from an average of 3.2&#13;
to 3.47.&#13;
Conclusion: These results suggest that safety leadership coaching can be effective in improving safety&#13;
management in small sawmilling sites. Implications, limitations, and possible future research directions&#13;
are discussed</text>
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Ergonomics&#13;
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                <text> Dust generated during various wood-related activities, such as cutting, sanding, or processing wood materials, can pose significant health and environmental risks due to its potential to cause&#13;
respiratory problems and contribute to air pollution. Understanding the factors influencing dust emission&#13;
is important for devising effective mitigation strategies, ensuring a safer working environment, and&#13;
minimizing environmental impact. This study focuses on developing an artificial neural network (ANN)&#13;
model to predict dust emission values in the machining of black poplar (Populus nigra L.), oriental beech&#13;
(Fagus orientalis L.), and medium-density fiberboards.&#13;
Methods: The multilayer feed-forward ANN model is developed using a customized application built&#13;
with MATLAB code. The inputs to the ANN model include material type, cutting width, number of blades,&#13;
and cutting depth, whereas the output is the dust emission. Model performance is assessed through&#13;
graphical and statistical comparisons.&#13;
Results: The results reveal that the developed ANN model can provide adequate predictions for dust&#13;
emission with an acceptable level of accuracy. Through the implementation of the ANN model, the study&#13;
predicts intermediate dust emission values for different cutting widths and cutting depths, which are not&#13;
considered in the experimental work. It is observed that dust emission tends to decrease with reductions&#13;
in cutting width and cutting depth.&#13;
Conclusion: This study introduces an alternative approach to optimize machining-process conditions for&#13;
minimizing dust emissions. The findings of this research will assist industries in obtaining dust emission&#13;
values without the need for additional experimental activities, thereby reducing experimental time and&#13;
cost</text>
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Ilçe 1&#13;
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, Erol Burdurlu 3</text>
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                <text>1Department of Industrial Engineering, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey&#13;
2Nevzat Hüseyin Tiryaki Vocational and Technical Anatolian High School, Ankara, Turkey&#13;
3Department of Wood Products Industrial Engineering, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey</text>
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