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                  <text>Volume 17 Issue 1 2024</text>
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                  <text>peri irawan</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Treatment strategy for compartment syndrome at multiple regions due to injuries caused by a tree fall: a case report</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>Compartment syndrome, Crush syndrome, Gluteal compartment syndrome, Thigh compartment&#13;
syndrome, Fasciotomy</text>
              </elementText>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>Abstract&#13;
&#13;
Background Compartment syndrome commonly occurs in patients with forearm and lower leg fractures. Compart-&#13;
ment syndromes of the gluteal and thigh muscles are less common. It is imperative that compartment syndrome&#13;
&#13;
be diagnosed and treated with fasciotomy as soon as possible. However, there are few reports on the diagnosis&#13;
and treatment strategies for compartment syndromes that occur simultaneously in multiple anatomical regions&#13;
or in the ipsilateral gluteal region and thigh.&#13;
Case presentation We report on a 76-year-old man who was obliquely crushed under a tree extending&#13;
&#13;
from the right forearm to the left groin. He was brought to our emergency room, where he was diagnosed with com-&#13;
partment syndrome of the right forearm and left lower leg and crush syndrome. Emergency fasciotomy was per-&#13;
formed. On the day after admission, swelling and tightness of the left gluteal thigh became apparent, and intra-&#13;
compartmental pressures were elevated, which led to an additional diagnosis of these compartment syndromes.&#13;
&#13;
A fasciotomy was performed, the gluteal skin incision was made according to the Kocher–Langenbeck approach (one&#13;
of the posterior approaches for hip fractures), and the thigh was approached by extending the incision laterally. This&#13;
surgical approach enabled the decompression of the compartments through a single incision and allowed for easier&#13;
wound treatment and closure.&#13;
Conclusion This case highlights the diagnosis and treatment of compartment syndrome in four anatomical regions.&#13;
Extension of the Kocher–Langenbeck approach to the lateral thigh can be a useful surgical approach for ipsilateral&#13;
gluteal and thigh compartment syndrome.&#13;
Keywords Compartment syndrome, Crush syndrome, Gluteal compartment syndrome, Thigh compartment&#13;
syndrome, Fasciotomy</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="132434">
                <text>Tomotaka Miura1&#13;
&#13;
, Takahito Miyake1*, Hideshi Okada1&#13;
&#13;
, Hideaki Oiwa1&#13;
&#13;
, Yosuke Mizuno1&#13;
&#13;
, Yuichiro Kitagawa1&#13;
,&#13;
&#13;
Tetsuya Fukuta1&#13;
&#13;
, Haruka Okamoto1&#13;
&#13;
, Masato Shiba1&#13;
&#13;
, Norihide Kanda1&#13;
&#13;
, Takahiro Yoshida1&#13;
&#13;
, Shozo Yoshida1 and&#13;
&#13;
Shinji Ogura1</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="132435">
                <text>https://doi.org/10.1186/s12245-024-00675-5</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="132436">
                <text>2024</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="132437">
                <text>Peri Irawan</text>
              </elementText>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="132439">
                <text>english</text>
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    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="15256">
        <name>Compartment syndrome, Crush syndrome, Gluteal compartment syndrome, Thigh compartment syndrome, Fasciotomy</name>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="130912">
                  <text>Volume 17 Issue 1 2024</text>
                </elementText>
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            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="130913">
                  <text>peri irawan</text>
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    <elementSetContainer>
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        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="132421">
                <text>Emergency department service utilisation of older patients with urgent conditions: a cross-sectional observational study</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="132422">
                <text>Emergency department, Primary health care, Older patients, Urgent conditions, Non-emergent&#13;
conditions, Burden of care, Healthcare utilization</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="132423">
                <text>Abstract&#13;
Background As with many countries worldwide, Singapore is experiencing a rapidly ageing population. Presentation&#13;
of older persons for urgent but non-emergent conditions to the Emergency Department (ED) represents a growing&#13;
group of patients utilising public healthcare emergency services and puts a strain on current ED resources. The&#13;
medical conditions vary, and resources used has been poorly characterized.&#13;
Methods This is a single-center cross-sectional observational study of patients aged 55 to 75 years old who visited&#13;
the ED with urgent conditions, Patient Acuity Category Scale (PACS) P2 or P3, who were subsequently discharged.&#13;
The patients visited a public hospital in Singapore on four randomly selected weekdays in April 2023. The utilisation&#13;
of hospital resources and manpower was studied. A formulated criteria was used to determine the appropriate site of&#13;
care, such as an Urgent Care Centre (UCC), Primary Care Providers (PCP) clinic or the ED.&#13;
Results There were 235 eligible patients during the study period, with a mean age of 65.1 years of which a majority,&#13;
183 (77.9%) were allocated to patient acuity category scale P2. Most of the patients were walk-in patients with no&#13;
referrals (169 (71.9%)). Based on the criteria, the majority of 187 (79.6%) of these patient may be safely managed at an&#13;
outpatient setting; 71 (30.2%) patients by PCP, 116 (49.4%) patients may be managed by an UCC, with the remaining&#13;
48 (20.4%) requiring ED care.&#13;
&#13;
Conclusion Our findings indicate that a significant portion of discharged older ED adults with urgent but non-&#13;
emergent conditions may be adequately managed at outpatient medical services that are appropriately resourced.&#13;
&#13;
More research is needed on healthcare initiatives aimed at developing the capabilities of outpatient medical services&#13;
to manage mild to moderate acute conditions to optimise ED resource allocation.&#13;
Keywords Emergency department, Primary health care, Older patients, Urgent conditions, Non-emergent&#13;
conditions, Burden of care, Healthcare utilization</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="132424">
                <text>Geraldine P.Y. Koo1*, Pei Zhen Seah1&#13;
&#13;
, Mon Hnin Tun2&#13;
&#13;
, Sinma Tham3&#13;
&#13;
and Steven H.C. Lim1</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="132425">
                <text>https://doi.org/10.1186/s12245-024-00674-6</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="132426">
                <text>2024</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="132427">
                <text>Peri Irawan</text>
              </elementText>
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              <elementText elementTextId="132428">
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="132429">
                <text>english</text>
              </elementText>
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          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="130912">
                  <text>Volume 17 Issue 1 2024</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="130913">
                  <text>peri irawan</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
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          </elementContainer>
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      </elementSetContainer>
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    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="132411">
                <text>Airway breathing circulation dengue: a case of multifactorial shock due to major trauma and severe dengue infection</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="132412">
                <text>Trauma, Dengue, Major trauma, Shock</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="132413">
                <text>Abstract&#13;
&#13;
Background Dengue is the most common arboviral illness reported globally, endemic to most tropical and sub-&#13;
tropical regions of the world. Dengue Shock Syndrome is a rare complication of severe Dengue infection resulting&#13;
&#13;
in haemorrhagic complications and refractory hypotension. We report on a case of severe dengue diagnosed&#13;
in a patient with major trauma and illustrate some of the potential challenges and considerations in the clinical&#13;
management of such cases.&#13;
Case Presentation A 49-year-old female presented following a road trauma incident with multiple abdominal&#13;
injuries requiring urgent laparotomy. Her recovery in Intensive Care Unit was complicated by the development of&#13;
Dengue Shock Syndrome characterised by a falling haemoglobin and platelet count, multiorgan dysfunction and&#13;
prolonged hospital stay.&#13;
Conclusions Dengue Shock Syndrome may complicate fluid management and bleeding control in major trauma&#13;
cases. Awareness of Dengue, particularly in endemic areas and returned travellers may help facilitate early diagnosis&#13;
and management of complications.&#13;
Keywords Trauma, Dengue, Major trauma, Shock</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="132414">
                <text>Bui Hai Hoang1,2, Thomas Vu Tang3&#13;
&#13;
, Nguyen Dai Nghia Phan2&#13;
&#13;
, Anh Dung Nguyen1&#13;
&#13;
and Michael Minh Quoc Dinh4*</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="132415">
                <text>https://doi.org/10.1186/s12245-024-00673-7</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="132416">
                <text>2024</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="132417">
                <text>Peri Irawan</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="132418">
                <text>pdf</text>
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          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="132419">
                <text>english</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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        </elementContainer>
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    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="15255">
        <name>Trauma, Dengue, Major trauma, Shock</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
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          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="130912">
                  <text>Volume 17 Issue 1 2024</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="130913">
                  <text>peri irawan</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
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    <elementSetContainer>
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="132401">
                <text>Red blood cell transfusion in a tertiary Haitian hospital’s emergency department: patient characteristics and availability challenges</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="132402">
                <text>RBC transfusion, Transfusion practice, Emergency medicine, Haïti</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="132403">
                <text>Abstract&#13;
Background Red blood cell (RBC) transfusions are essential for many patients admitted to emergency departments&#13;
(ED). However, accessibility to red cell transfusions is often limited, especially in low-income countries such as Haiti.&#13;
This article aims to determine the proportion of patients requiring emergency transfusion, transfused patients’&#13;
characteristics, as well as the response rate and timeliness of blood product delivery for requests made.&#13;
Methods A retrospective study was conducted among all patients with RBC transfusion indications from January&#13;
&#13;
to June 2022 at the ED of Mirebalais Teaching Hospital. The parameters studied included transfusion indications, pre-&#13;
transfusion hemoglobin levels, and delay from prescription to transfusion.&#13;
&#13;
Results During the study period, 3993 patients received treatment in the ED. The proportion of patients requiring&#13;
RBCs was 7.69%, including 145 males and 117 females, with a median age of 43 [30–56] years. Only 21.7% of these&#13;
patients received a transfusion. The average pre-transfusion hemoglobin level was 4.75±1.68 g/dL. The most&#13;
common transfusion’s indications were infection/sepsis (36.74%), trauma (23.48%), and cancer (21.57%). The median&#13;
time delay from prescription to transfusion was 2.37 [0.97–4.93] days. The study identified significant associations&#13;
between RBC transfusion probability and patient factors like hemoglobin levels, patient disposition, urgency of RBC&#13;
request, and length of stay.&#13;
Conclusion RBC transfusion requests are frequent in the ED of Mirebalais Teaching Hospital, with a relatively high&#13;
transfusion delay. Further studies on the relevance of RBC requests and ways to reduce delay from prescription to&#13;
transfusion would be beneficial to improve this situation.&#13;
Keywords RBC transfusion, Transfusion practice, Emergency medicine, Haïti</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="132404">
                <text>Flawendjee Djaweelentz Jacques1*, Samentha Cyndie Julmisse1&#13;
&#13;
, Ange Cindy Laurore1&#13;
&#13;
, Ralph Mackenson Lefruit1&#13;
,&#13;
&#13;
Maurice Junior Chery1&#13;
&#13;
and Kobel Dubique1</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="132405">
                <text>https://doi.org/10.1186/s12245-024-00672-8</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="132407">
                <text>Peri Irawan</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="132409">
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      <tag tagId="15254">
        <name>RBC transfusion, Transfusion practice, Emergency medicine, Haïti</name>
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                  <text>Volume 17 Issue 1 2024</text>
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                <text>IFEM model curriculum: emergency medicine learning outcomes for undergraduate medical education</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
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                <text>Abstract&#13;
&#13;
Background The International Federation for Emergency Medicine (IFEM) published its model curriculum for medi-&#13;
cal student education in emergency medicine in 2009. Because of the evolving principles of emergency medi-&#13;
cine and medical education, driven by societal, professional, and educational developments, there was a need&#13;
&#13;
for an update on IFEM recommendations. The main objective of the update process was creating Intended Learning&#13;
Outcomes (ILOs) and providing tier-based recommendations.&#13;
&#13;
Method A consensus methodology combining nominal group and modified Delphi methods was used. The nomi-&#13;
nal group had 15 members representing eight countries in six regions. The process began with a review of the 2009&#13;
&#13;
curriculum by IFEM Core Curriculum and Education Committee (CCEC) members, followed by a three-phase update&#13;
process involving survey creation [The final survey document included 55 items in 4 sections, namely, participant &amp;&#13;
context information (16 items), intended learning outcomes (6 items), principles unique to emergency medicine (20&#13;
items), and content unique to emergency medicine (13 items)], participant selection from IFEM member countries&#13;
and survey implementation, and data analysis to create the recommendations.&#13;
Results Out of 112 invitees (CCEC members and IFEM member country nominees), 57 (50.9%) participants from 27&#13;
countries participated. Eighteen (31.6%) participants were from LMICs, while 39 (68.4%) were from HICs. Forty-four&#13;
(77.2%) participants have been involved with medical students’ emergency medicine training for more than five years&#13;
in their careers, and 56 (98.2%) have been involved with medical students’ training in the last five years. Thirty-five&#13;
(61.4%) participants have completed a form of training in medical education. The exercise resulted in the formulation&#13;
of tiered ILO recommendations. Tier 1 ILOs are recommended for all medical schools, Tier 2 ILOs are recommended&#13;
for medical schools based on perceived local healthcare system needs and/or adequate resources, and Tier 3 ILOs&#13;
should be considered for medical schools based on perceived local healthcare system needs and/or adequate&#13;
resources.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="132394">
                <text>Arif Alper Cevik1,2*, Elif Dilek Cakal3&#13;
&#13;
, James Kwan4,5, Simon Chu6&#13;
&#13;
, Sithembile Mtombeni7&#13;
,&#13;
&#13;
Venkataraman Anantharaman8&#13;
&#13;
, Nicholas Jouriles9&#13;
&#13;
, David Teng Kuan Peng4&#13;
&#13;
, Andrew Singer10,11,&#13;
Peter Cameron12,13, James Ducharme14, Abraham Wai15, David Edwin Manthey16, Cherri Hobgood17,&#13;
Terrence Mulligan18, Edgardo Menendez19, Juliusz Jakubaszko20 and International Federation for Emergency&#13;
Medicine Undergraduate Emergency Medicine Learning Outcomes Update Collaborators21</text>
              </elementText>
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="132395">
                <text>https://doi.org/10.1186/s12245-024-00671-9</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Date</name>
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="132396">
                <text>2024</text>
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            <name>Contributor</name>
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="132397">
                <text>Peri Irawan</text>
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      <tag tagId="15253">
        <name>Emergency medicine, Medical school, Medical students, Undergraduate training</name>
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                  <text>Volume 17 Issue 1 2024</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Successful management of a delayed presentation of traumatic descending thoracic aorta pseudoaneurysm: a literature review based on a case report</text>
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                <text>Transthoracic echocardiography, Non-invasive cardiovascular imaging, Aortic pseudoaneurysm,&#13;
Interventional cardiology, Endovascular repair, Cardiac trauma</text>
              </elementText>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="132383">
                <text>Abstract&#13;
Background Blunt traumatic aortic injury (BTAI) is the second leading cause of death due to traumas in young&#13;
patients. The primary presentation might be chest or interscapular pain, difficulty in breathing, and, in severe cases,&#13;
&#13;
hypotension. Considering the rapid deterioration of these patients’ clinical conditions, prompt diagnosis and treat-&#13;
ment initiation are crucial. In these injuries, the most involved parts of the aorta are the isthmus (distal to the left sub-&#13;
clavian artery) and the descending part in the thorax. Therefore, the main diagnostic strategies include transthoracic&#13;
&#13;
echocardiography, CT angiography, and endovascular diagnostic approaches.&#13;
Case presentation&#13;
&#13;
The patient was a 19-year-old male presenting with the symptoms of chest pain, dyspnea, and extremities excruciat-&#13;
ing pain after a car turnover. The initial evaluation showed no abnormal cardiovascular finding except bilateral hemo-&#13;
thorax, addressed with chest tubes. Twelve hours later, when the patient was under observation for orthopedic sur-&#13;
geries, his chest pain and dyspnea started, and TTE and CTA showed a grade three descending aneurysm of the aorta.&#13;
&#13;
The patient was treated immediately with an endovascular procedure of stent implantation. A delayed debranching&#13;
surgery was also performed, which resulted in desirable outcomes and uneventful follow-up.&#13;
Conclusion Although open thoracic surgery is the main and almost the only option for treating aneurysms&#13;
of the aorta in hemodynamically unstable patients, the endovascular procedure has shown superior outcomes&#13;
in selected patients with appropriate anatomy. Debranching surgery, which can be done simultaneously or with delay&#13;
after the initial procedure, has proven protective against thromboembolic cerebral events.&#13;
&#13;
Clinical key point Patients with an aneurysm of the aorta should be transported to a medical center with a multidis-&#13;
ciplinary team for an urgent evaluation and treatment. The initial resuscitation and diagnosis are challenging, consid-&#13;
ering the fatal nature of these injuries, and the selection of the treatment is based on the patient’s clinical condition&#13;
&#13;
and evaluated anatomy in cardiovascular imaging.&#13;
Keywords Transthoracic echocardiography, Non-invasive cardiovascular imaging, Aortic pseudoaneurysm,&#13;
Interventional cardiology, Endovascular repair, Cardiac trauma</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="132384">
                <text>Mohammad Sadeghian1&#13;
&#13;
, Pouya Ebrahimi2&#13;
&#13;
, Parnian Soltani2&#13;
&#13;
, Massoud Ghasemi3&#13;
&#13;
, Homa Taheri4 and&#13;
&#13;
Maryam Mehrpooya5*</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="132385">
                <text>https://doi.org/10.1186/s12245-024-00670-w</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="132386">
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            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="132387">
                <text>Peri Irawan</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Format</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="132388">
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="132389">
                <text>english</text>
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    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="15252">
        <name>Transthoracic echocardiography, Non-invasive cardiovascular imaging, Aortic pseudoaneurysm,</name>
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  <item itemId="12389" public="1" featured="1">
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="130912">
                  <text>Volume 17 Issue 1 2024</text>
                </elementText>
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            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="130913">
                  <text>peri irawan</text>
                </elementText>
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    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="132371">
                <text>Do-not-attempt-resuscitation decision making: physicians’ recommendations differ from the GO-FAR score predictions</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="132372">
                <text>DNR, IHCA, GO-FAR score, Physician decision-making</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="41">
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="132373">
                <text>Background and aim In-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) is a major cause of mortality globally, and over 50% of the&#13;
survivors will require institutional care as a result of poor neurological outcome. It is important that physicians&#13;
discuss the likely outcome of resuscitation with patients and families during end-of-life discussions to help them&#13;
with decisions about cardiopulmonary resuscitation. We aim to compare three consultants’ do-not-resuscitate (DNR)&#13;
decisions with the GO-FAR score predictions of the probability of survival with good neurological outcomes following&#13;
in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA).&#13;
Methods This is a retrospective study of all patients 18 years or older placed on a DNR order by a consensus of three&#13;
consultants in a tertiary institution in the United Arab Emirates over 12 months. Patients’ socio-demographics and&#13;
the GO-FAR variables were abstracted from the electronic medical records. We applied the GO-FAR score and the&#13;
probability of survival with good neurological outcomes for each patient.&#13;
Results A total of 788 patients received a DNR order, with a median age of 71 years and a majority being males&#13;
and expatriates. The GO-FAR model categorized 441 (56%) of the patients as having a low or very low probability of&#13;
survival and 347 (44%) as average or above. There were 219 patients with a primary diagnosis of cancer, of whom&#13;
148 (67.6%) were in the average and above-average probability groups. There were more In-hospital deaths among&#13;
patients in the average and above-average probability of survival group compared with those with very low and low&#13;
probability (243 (70%) versus 249 (56.5%) (P&lt;0.0001)). The DNR patients with an average or above average chance of&#13;
survival by GO-FAR score were more likely to be expatriates, oncology patients, and did not have sepsis.&#13;
Conclusions The GO-FAR score provides a guide for joint decision-making on the possible outcomes of CPR in the&#13;
event of IHCA. The physicians’ recommendation and the ultimate patient’s resuscitation choice may differ due to more&#13;
complex contextual medico-social factors.&#13;
Keywords DNR, IHCA, GO-FAR score, Physician decision-making</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="132374">
                <text>David Olukolade Alao1,2*, Snaha Abraham1&#13;
&#13;
, Emad Dababneh4&#13;
&#13;
, Roxanne Roby1&#13;
&#13;
, Mohammed Farid1&#13;
,&#13;
&#13;
Nada Mohammed1&#13;
&#13;
, Natalia Rojas-Perilla3&#13;
&#13;
and Arif Alper Cevik1,2</text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="132375">
                <text>https://doi.org/10.1186/s12245-024-00669-3</text>
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                <text>Peri Irawan</text>
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                <text>english</text>
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      <tag tagId="15251">
        <name>DNR, IHCA, GO-FAR score, Physician decision-making</name>
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                  <text>Volume 17 Issue 1 2024</text>
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              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="130913">
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                <text>“Iliacus muscle abscess as an unexpected cause of posterior hip pain in a healthy young adult female”: a case report</text>
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                <text>Iliacus abscess, Iliopsoas abscess, Hip pain</text>
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                <text>Abstract&#13;
Background Iliacus muscle abscess is an uncommon but potentially life-threatening condition that can present&#13;
with nonspecific symptoms, posing diagnostic challenges. This case report highlights the importance of considering&#13;
iliopsoas abscess in patients presenting with fever and hip pain, especially in the absence of obvious risk factors or&#13;
penetrating trauma. The novelty of this case lies in its atypical presentation mimicking a respiratory viral infection and&#13;
musculoskeletal injury, impeding accurate diagnosis and appropriate management.&#13;
Case Presentation A previously healthy 21-year-old female who had a mechanical fall 3 weeks prior presented with&#13;
fever, right hip pain, and respiratory symptoms, initially suggestive of a respiratory infection and musculoskeletal&#13;
injury. However, initial investigations revealing a markedly high C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration prompted&#13;
further computed tomography (CT) imaging of her abdomen and pelvis, which uncovered an iliopsoas abscess&#13;
presumably stemming from antecedent trauma. Subsequent CT guided aspiration along with culture-sensitive&#13;
antibiotics led to successful treatment and resolution of her symptoms.&#13;
Conclusions This case emphasizes the importance of considering iliopsoas abscess as a possible differential, even in&#13;
young patients without typical risk factors. Markedly elevated inflammatory markers such as CRP concentrations can&#13;
serve as a vital indicator, directing attention towards the possibility of septicemia or the presence of an occult abscess,&#13;
facilitating prompt imaging and accurate diagnosis.&#13;
Keywords Iliacus abscess, Iliopsoas abscess, Hip pain</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="132364">
                <text>Caleb Weihao Huang1* and Mathew Yi Wen Yeo1</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="132365">
                <text>https://doi.org/10.1186/s12245-024-00668-4</text>
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                <text>Peri Irawan</text>
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                <text>Comparing online and onsite simulation modules for improving knowledge and confidence in disaster preparedness among undergraduate medical students</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Abstract&#13;
Background Disaster preparedness is one of the critical strategies for effectively managing disasters and has been&#13;
an area of high focus in the healthcare sector over the past few decades. The current Indian medical undergraduate&#13;
curriculum does not describe any novel methods for disaster preparedness training. There is a need for a better&#13;
understanding of novel teaching-learning methods and modes for administering disaster preparedness training&#13;
among Indian medical students.&#13;
Objectives Describe the undergraduate medical students’ baseline knowledge and confidence level of disaster&#13;
preparedness. Compare undergraduate medical students’ knowledge scores and confidence levels on disaster&#13;
preparedness after online and onsite delivery of the disaster preparedness module.&#13;
Methods In this educational interventional study, 103 medical students were divided into two groups and subjected&#13;
to an online or onsite session of the validated disaster preparedness module (based on the COVID-19 pandemic),&#13;
encompassing a simulation-based tabletop exercise. Baseline testing was done for 52 participants in the online group&#13;
and 51 in the onsite group of the study. Post-intervention, they were assessed with single-response type MCQs for&#13;
knowledge and Likert scale-based questions for confidence scores. The pretest and posttest scores were collected,&#13;
and the data were analysed using two-tailed t-tests for paired analysis of within-group (online group or onsite group)&#13;
and heteroscedastic analysis of between-group datasets.&#13;
Results One hundred and three participants completed the exercise—52 participants were from the online group,&#13;
and 51 were from the onsite group. After the intervention, there was a statistically significant increase in knowledge&#13;
and confidence in both online and onsite groups. There is, however, no significant difference in the ‘percentage&#13;
change’ in ‘knowledge’ or ‘confidence’ between the groups.&#13;
Conclusions Our study indicates that the disaster preparedness module, delivered online and onsite, improves&#13;
knowledge and confidence among undergraduate medical students. However, there is no superiority between one</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="132354">
                <text>Vimal Krishnan S1,2*, Aaditya Katyal1&#13;
&#13;
, Soumya S Nair1&#13;
&#13;
and Kirtana Raghurama Nayak1</text>
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="132355">
                <text>https://doi.org/10.1186/s12245-024-00667-5</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>Peri Irawan</text>
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        <name>Simulation, Disaster preparedness, COVID-19 pandemic, Tabletop exercise</name>
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                  <text>Volume 17 Issue 1 2024</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
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                <text>Mortality and morbidity associated with new onset acute kidney injury in critically ill COVID-19 infection patients</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
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                <text>Acute renal injury, Covid-19, Dialysis, Chronic renal failure, Mortality</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Background The recent global pandemic due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 resulted in a high&#13;
rate of multi-organ failure and mortality in a large patient population across the world. As such, a possible correlation&#13;
between acute kidney injury (AKI) and increased mortality rate in these patients has been suggested in literature.&#13;
Methods This is a two-year retrospective study of critically ill adult patients infected with COVID-19 that were&#13;
admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) on ventilatory support. Two groups of patients were identified in this study,&#13;
those who were directly admitted to the ICU or those who were initially admitted to the Medical Floor and were later&#13;
transferred to the ICU due to either worsening respiratory status or change in their hemodynamic conditions. Within&#13;
each group, three subgroups were created based on the status of AKI, namely, those who did not develop AKI, those&#13;
who developed AKI, and those who with previous history of dialysis dependent AKI.&#13;
Results The AKI subgroup had the highest mortality rate in the ICU and Floor patients. Of note, those patients who&#13;
were directly admitted to the Floor and were later transferred to the ICU for worsening conditions also experienced a&#13;
higher mortality rate if they had developed AKI during their course of hospital stay.&#13;
Conclusions This study identified a statistically significant higher mortality in patients who developed AKI than those&#13;
who did not develop AKI among critically ill patients.&#13;
Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov registration number NCT05964088. Date of registration: July 24 2023.&#13;
Keywords Acute renal injury, Covid-19, Dialysis, Chronic renal failure, Mortality</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="132344">
                <text>Nina Fischer1&#13;
&#13;
, Xinfei Miao3&#13;
&#13;
, Danielle Weck1&#13;
&#13;
, Jacob Matalon3&#13;
&#13;
, Cameron C. Neeki1&#13;
&#13;
, Troy Pennington2,3, Fanglong Dong1&#13;
,&#13;
&#13;
Sarkis Arabian1,3 and Michael M. Neeki2,3*</text>
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                <text>https://doi.org/10.1186/s12245-024-00666-6</text>
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                <text>Peri Irawan</text>
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