12 10 198 https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/3b0355f32701accdbf9b86e65498c4b9.pdf c77dc99dad695231ac8a9e903cbb07c3 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Volume 17 Issue 1 2024 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource peri irawan Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource A diagnostic dilemma: distinguishing a sulfasalazine induced DRESS hypersensitivity syndrome from a CD30+lymphoma in a young patient Subject The topic of the resource Dress syndrome, Drug hypersensitivity, Sulfasalazine, RegiSCAR, CD30+lymphoma Description An account of the resource Abstract Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) is a severe hypersensitivity reaction characterized by cutaneous rash, lymphadenopathy, fever, eosinophilia, leukocytosis, and life-threatening organ dysfunctions. We describe the case of a 26 year old patient admitted to the Emergency Department for DRESS syndrome after sulfasalazine treatment for rheumatoid arthritis in the right knee. Whole body computer tomography showed multiple neck, chest, and abdominal lymphadenopathy with splenomegaly, massive ascites and severe hepatic cytolysis. Serology results for Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), influenza, measles, rubella, hepatitis A and B were negative. The histologic analysis of skin, lymph node and bone marrow biopsies could not indicate a classical Hodgkin’s Disease or iatrogenic immunodeficiency/EBV-associated lymphoproliferative disorder (LPD), Hodgkin type. The relatively small caliber of the CD30+immunoreactive blastoid cells in the lymph nodes suggested reactive immunoblasts rather than Hodgkin cells. The morphologic aspects of the lymph node biopsies with predominance of T-cells were compatible with the diagnosis of a sulfasalazine-induced DRESS syndrome as the patient had a high RegiSCAR score for DRESS. [DRESS Syndrome Foundation: Diagnosis and Treatment. (2023)] The patient’s complex clinical course, marked by two hospital admissions, highlights the challenges in diagnosing and managing DRESS. This case underscores the need for individualized care, close patient monitoring, and further research to better understand DRESS’s underlying mechanisms and optimal therapeutic strategies. Keywords Dress syndrome, Drug hypersensitivity, Sulfasalazine, RegiSCAR, CD30+lymphoma Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Natalija Aleksandrova1 , Jonas De Rop2,3, Frederic Camu1 , Ives Hubloue4 and Katleen Devue1* Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived https://doi.org/10.1186/s12245-024-00665-7 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2024 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Peri Irawan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource english Type The nature or genre of the resource text Dress syndrome, Drug hypersensitivity, Sulfasalazine, RegiSCAR, CD30+lymphoma https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/feabfa5a9560509a5c38516bd30c449f.pdf fa90a0317760a86926f8a72e1c469cbc Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Volume 17 Issue 1 2024 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource peri irawan Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The wolf in sheep’s clothing: vasovagal syncope in acute aortic dissection Subject The topic of the resource Acute aortic dissection, Vasovagal syncope, Painless aortic dissection, Aortic depressor nerve, Risk stratification, Aortic arch baroreflex Description An account of the resource Abstract Background The presentation of acute aortic dissection can pose a challenge for emergency physicians, as it may occur without pain. Atypical presentations can lead to significant delays in diagnosis and increased mortality rates. Case description Our case illustrates that isolated painless syncope can be a rare presenting symptom of acute aortic dissection type A. What is unique about our case is the limited extension of the dissection tear and the availability of Holter monitoring during the syncopal episode. Conclusion This constellation provides insight into the pathophysiological mechanism of the syncope in this patient. Mechanisms of syncope related to acute aortic dissection are diverse. We show that vasovagal activation not related to pain can be the underlying mechanism of syncope in acute aortic dissection type A. Although excessive vasovagal tone in the setting of aortic dissection has been hypothesized in the past, it has never been as clearly illustrated as in the present case. This also highlights the challenge in risk stratification of syncope in the emergency department. Keywords Acute aortic dissection, Vasovagal syncope, Painless aortic dissection, Aortic depressor nerve, Risk stratification, Aortic arch baroreflex Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Viviane Donner1,2*, Hadrien Beuret3 , Simon Savoy4 , Vincent Ribordy1,5 and Christine D. Sadeghi4 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived https://doi.org/10.1186/s12245-024-00664-8 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2024 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Peri Irawan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource english Type The nature or genre of the resource text https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/aca55b2c8fd3e11320668ea1e994cd9d.pdf ca7831a16b209cf97a8f3bb087c4b277 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Volume 17 Issue 1 2024 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource peri irawan Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource A potentially lifesaving error: unintentional high-dose adrenaline administration in anaphylaxis-induced cardiac arrest; a case report Subject The topic of the resource Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, Advanced cardiac life support, Anaphylaxis, Neoplasms, Medical errors, Emergency medicine, Crew resource management, Healthcare Description An account of the resource Abstract Background Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is a crucial skill for emergency medical services. As high-risk-low- frequency events pose an immense mental load to providers, concepts of crew resource management, non-technical skills and the science of human errors are intended to prepare healthcare providers for high-pressure situations. However, medical errors occur, and organizations and institutions face the challenge of providing a blame-free error culture to achieve continuous improvement by avoiding similar errors in the future. In this case, we report a critical medical error during an anaphylaxis-associated cardiac arrest, its handling and the unexpected yet favourable outcome for the patient. Case presentation During an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest due to chemotherapy-induced anaphylaxis, a patient received a 10-fold dose of epinephrine due to shortcomings in communication and standardization via a central venous port catheter. The patient converted from a non-shockable rhythm into a pulseless ventricular tachycardia and subsequently into ventricular fibrillation. The patient was cardioverted and defibrillated and had a return of spontaneous circulation with profound hypotension only 6 min after the administration of 10 mg epinephrine. The patient survived without any residues or neurological impairment. Conclusions This case demonstrates the potential deleterious effects of shortcomings in communication and deviation from standard protocols, especially in emergencies. Here, precise instructions, closed-loop communication and unambiguous labelling of syringes would probably have avoided the epinephrine overdose central to this case. Interestingly, this serious error may have saved the patient’s life, as it led to the development of a shockable rhythm. Furthermore, as the patient was still in profound hypotension after administering 10 mg of epinephrine, this high dose might have counteracted the severe vasoplegic state in anaphylaxis-associated cardiac arrest. Lastly, as the patient was receiving care for advanced malignancy, the likelihood of termination of resuscitation in the initial non- shockable cardiac arrest was significant and possibly averted by the medication error. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Felix Patricius Hans1*, Leo Benning1 , Jan-Steffen Pooth1 and Hans-Jörg Busch1 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived https://doi.org/10.1186/s12245-024-00663-9 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2024 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Peri Irawan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource english Type The nature or genre of the resource text Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, Advanced cardiac life support, Anaphylaxis, Neoplasms, Medical errors https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/7bf9995165123f94f36c0efdd49b6077.pdf 432fd55da53774fdd4aaf12d4db627f7 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Volume 17 Issue 1 2024 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource peri irawan Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Paracetamol overdose causing acute kidney injury without hepatotoxicity: a case report Subject The topic of the resource Acute kidney injury, Acute tubular necrosis, Nephrotoxicity, Paracetamol overdose Description An account of the resource Abstract Background Paracetamol is a widely used analgesic and antipyretic. Paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity is well known, but nephrotoxicity without hepatotoxicity is rarely seen. Case presentation We present a case of acute kidney injury without hepatotoxicity in paracetamol overdose. A 15-year-old girl was admitted 48 h after she had taken 10 g of paracetamol. She was complaining of abdominal pain and vomiting. Her blood level of creatinine was 1.20 mg/dL on admission, with a peak at 3.67 mg/dL 3 days later. The liver blood tests and blood paracetamol level were negative. She did not receive N-acetyl cysteine and was treated with intravenous fluid (crystalloid). The ultrasonography of the kidneys was normal. Her renal function returned almost to baseline 7 days after admission. It was concluded that the diagnosis was an acute kidney injury caused by acute tubular necrosis due to paracetamol overdose. Conclusion This case shows that nephrotoxicity can occur without hepatotoxicity in paracetamol overdose. Keywords Acute kidney injury, Acute tubular necrosis, Nephrotoxicity, Paracetamol overdose Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Micha Saad1* and Julien Flament2 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived https://doi.org/10.1186/s12245-024-00662-w Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2024 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Peri Irawan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource english Type The nature or genre of the resource text Acute kidney injury, Acute tubular necrosis, Nephrotoxicity, Paracetamol overdose https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/6023ba4f63a00e9907f17dd4289a5459.pdf 6af4ad5a72b6080525cfa26328157e29 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Volume 17 Issue 1 2024 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource peri irawan Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource A rare cause of abdominal pain in pregnancy - mesenteric artery thrombosis and miscarriage in a 34-year-old patient Subject The topic of the resource Mesenteric ischemia, Emergency care, Early diagnosis, Factor VIII, Pregnancy Description An account of the resource Abstract Background Mesenteric arterial thrombosis is an extremely rare thrombotic event, especially during pregnancy, that can cause rapid fatal consequences unless the patient receives early definitive treatment. Case presentation We report the case of a 34-year-old female presenting in her seventh week of gestation with severe abdominal pain who was promptly diagnosed with mesenteric artery occlusion amidst incipient miscarriage. The patient underwent a successful mesentery artery embolectomy, recovered and was later diagnosed with elevated factor VIII activity. Conclusion The diagnosis of mesenteric ischemia should be considered in pregnant women presenting with severe abdominal pain and any prior predisposing factors. Our case highlights the pivotal role of the emergency physician in maintaining a high index of suspicion coupled with timely and determined action. The prognosis of this high mortality condition depends on prompt diagnosis, early definite management and successful multidisciplinary cooperation. Keywords Mesenteric ischemia, Emergency care, Early diagnosis, Factor VIII, Pregnancy Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Dóra Melicher1*, Szabolcs Gaál1 , Tamás Berényi1 , Bánk Gábor Fenyves1,2, Norbert Nagy3 , Péter Hegedűs3 , András Fülöp4 , Attila Szijártó4 and Csaba Varga1 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived https://doi.org/10.1186/s12245-024-00661-x Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2024 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Peri Irawan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource english Type The nature or genre of the resource text Mesenteric ischemia, Emergency care, Early diagnosis, Factor VIII, Pregnancy https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/daf8d774a7385d61dd65823f427e5e10.pdf af05cb414d450f9dafcafec93659ae1a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Volume 17 Issue 1 2024 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource peri irawan Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The MINUTES bundle for the initial 30 min management of undifferentiated circulatory shock: an expert opinion Subject The topic of the resource Shock, Ultrasound, Vasopressors, Fluids, Norepinephrine, Hypotension, Congestion Description An account of the resource Abstract Acute circulatory shock is a life-threatening emergency requiring an efficient and timely management plan, which varies according to shock etiology and pathophysiology. Specific guidelines have been developed for each type of shock; however, there is a need for a clear timeline to promptly implement initial life-saving interventions during the early phase of shock recognition and management. A simple, easily memorable bundle of interventions could facilitate standardized management with clear targets and specified timeline. The authors propose the “MINUTES” acronym which summarizes essential interventions which should be performed within the first 30 min following shock recognition. All the interventions in the MINUTES bundle are suitable for any patient with undifferentiated shock. In addition to the acronym, we suggest a timeline for each step, balancing the feasibility and urgency of each intervention. The MINUTES acronym includes seven sequential steps which should be performed in the first 30 min following shock recognition: Maintain “ABCs”, INfuse vasopressors and/or fluids (to support hemodynamic/ perfusion) and INvestigate with simple blood tests, Ultrasound to detect the type of shock, Treat the underlying Etiology, and Stabilize organ perfusion. Keywords Shock, Ultrasound, Vasopressors, Fluids, Norepinephrine, Hypotension, Congestion Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ahmed Hasanin1*, Filippo Sanfilippo2,3, Martin W Dünser4 , Hassan M Ahmed5 , Laurent Zieleskiewicz6 , Sheila Nainan Myatra7 and Maha Mostafa1 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived https://doi.org/10.1186/s12245-024-00660-y Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2024 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Peri Irawan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource english Type The nature or genre of the resource text Shock, Ultrasound, Vasopressors, Fluids, Norepinephrine, Hypotension, Congestion https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/34a14e7f6974a81a6229c7335a73f04b.pdf e459cc82093271761e4f28336da2eb3c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Volume 17 Issue 1 2024 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource peri irawan Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Low-dose tenecteplase during cardiopulmonary resuscitation in massive pulmonary embolism Subject The topic of the resource Massive pulmonary embolism, Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, Low dose Tenecteplase Description An account of the resource Abstract We report the case of an 18-year-old male who presented to the Emergency Department with sudden onset dyspnea. The patient was intubated on arrival, but suffered a cardiac arrest soon after. Point-of-care echocardiography during cardiopulmonary resuscitation revealed a grossly dilated right atrium and right ventricle, which alerted the Emergency physician to the possibility of massive pulmonary embolism leading to cardiac arrest. Due to no discernible history or risk factors in favour of pulmonary embolism, a decision was taken for thrombolysis with half dose Tenecteplase. Return of spontaneous circulation was achieved 14 min after thrombolysis, with massive pulmonary embolism subsequently being confirmed on CT Pulmonary Angiography. Keywords Massive pulmonary embolism, Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, Low dose Tenecteplase Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Farzin Vajifdar1* and Parag Badki2 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived https://doi.org/10.1186/s12245-024-00659-5 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2024 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Peri Irawan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource english Type The nature or genre of the resource text Massive pulmonary embolism, Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, Low dose Tenecteplase https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/dd70e832d2708589cb046bad52b6728c.pdf 6f37e222b9e1f27e8bbfb266f7e6be6b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Volume 17 Issue 1 2024 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource peri irawan Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Severe COVID-19 multisystem inflammatory syndrome versus severe dengue in children from Indonesia: a cross-sectional study Subject The topic of the resource Severe MIS-C, Severe dengue, Clinical manifestations, Laboratory parameters Description An account of the resource Abstract Introduction Severe multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) and severe dengue are challenging to identify during the COVID-19 pandemic in dengue-endemic areas. Fever, multiorgan involvement, and shock characterize both severe MIS-C and severe dengue. Distinguishing between the two diseases is beneficial in initiating proper management. Methods Medical records of children<18 years old who were hospitalized at Hasan Sadikin General Hospital’s PICU between December 2020 and July 2022 with severe MIS-C or severe dengue were recorded. Differences were assessed using comparative and descriptive analyses. Results Seventeen severe dengue patients and 4 severe MIS-C were included. The average age of severe MIS-C was 11.5 years (SD±2.9, 95% CI), and that of severe dengue patients was 6.2 years (SD±4.4, 95% CI) (p value=0.034, 95%). Fever and abdominal pain were the most common symptoms in both groups (p=0.471, 95% CI). Rash (p=0.049) and nonpurulent conjunctivitis (p=0.035) were two symptoms with significant differences. The highest platelet count (p-value=0.006, 95% CI), AST (p-value=0.026, 95% CI), and D-dimer level (p-value=0.025, 95% CI) were significantly different between the two cohorts. Cardiac abnormalities were found in all (100%) severe MIS-C patients, but only one (5.9%) in severe dengue patients. Conclusion Age, rash, nonpurulent conjunctivitis, platelet count, AST and D-dimer level may distinguish severe MIS-C from severe dengue fever. Keywords Severe MIS-C, Severe dengue, Clinical manifestations, Laboratory parameters Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Anggraini Alam1*, Fina Meilyana Andriyani2 and Stanza Uga Peryoga2 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived https://doi.org/10.1186/s12245-024-00658-6 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2024 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Peri Irawan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource english Type The nature or genre of the resource text Severe MIS-C, Severe dengue, Clinical manifestations, Laboratory parameters https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/404ae7e8aca219b6b2da6c9d9aa55073.pdf 2175941a5b6f4384b8937dcf06b490c9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Volume 17 Issue 1 2024 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource peri irawan Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Creating a master training rotation schedule for emergency medicine residents and challenges in using artificial intelligence Subject The topic of the resource Master rotation blocks, Emergency medicine board trainees, Rotation templates, Artificial intelligence role Description An account of the resource Abstract Background The allocation of resident physicians to clinical rotations presents a complex challenge that requires balancing multiple objectives with the goals of providing optimal patient care, maintaining adequate departmental staffing, and maximizing residents’ training experience. While adhering to governing guidelines and training regulations, these physicians must comply with curricular milestones and educational goals for progression that must be achieved within specific time constraints. This manuscript reports on how to create annual master rotation schedules to meet the training requirements for 60 residents, while addressing the requirements detailed above. Methods Trainees in the field of Emergency Medicine have to meet variable essential annual curricula requirements. Methods of preparing rotations in different Emergency Departments are presented which usually need early planning to ensure the best coordination and number allocation among the different internal and external collaborative departments. This off-institution and off-service external rotation is an educational necessity regulated by the Saudi Commission of Health Sciences to maximize residents’ exposure and meet the expected educational milestones unique to Emergency Medicine training. Results We report how to create annual master rotation schedules to meet the training requirements for 60 Emergency Medicine residents, while maintaining steady adequate departmental staffing and accommodating the different external rotation capacities, a task that is usually handled by the chief residents and program director. Although some parts of this process can be performed by using scheduling software or with particular decision support management systems, many steps are still filtered and checked manually. External circumstances mandate changes in schedules that require last-minute changes which may overrule training restrictions and make them unfeasible. Conclusion To create such an agile schedule, we maintain a standardized template with preset blocks and rotations. Residents can choose the most suitable track that meets their preference for year-long rotation blocks. Thus, we minimize the individual variability in the preset allocations, guarantee an even distribution, give equal chances to each resident to accommodate and approximate their individual preferences, and decrease the overall workload and time consumed annually. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rawan Eskandarani1*, Ahmed Almuhainy1 and Abdulrahman Alzahrani1 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived https://doi.org/10.1186/s12245-024-00657-7 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2024 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Peri Irawan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource english Type The nature or genre of the resource text Master rotation blocks, Emergency medicine board trainees, Rotation templates, Artificial intelligence role https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/ba199628d593c9c69ada50722491b26d.pdf 8673245700155034640629521be4ae7f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Volume 17 Issue 1 2024 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource peri irawan Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Beyond urinalysis: evaluation of various clinical and laboratory reflex criteria to warrant urine culture collection in the emergency department Subject The topic of the resource Urinalysis, Urinary tract infection, Urine culture, Urinalysis reflex Description An account of the resource Abstract Background Clinical criteria are essential for diagnosing urinary tract infections (UTIs) followed by urine testing, including urinalysis (UA). No study has evaluated the potential related factors that may guide the appropriate collection of urine cultures. Therefore, we aimed to assess the factors that may guide the appropriate collection of urine cultures. Methods This was a case-control study of patients for whom a urine culture and a UA were ordered in the emergency department (ED) between February 2018 and December 2022. The cases included patients with positive cultures, whereas the controls included patients without growth. Patients were excluded if they were pregnant, underwent any urological procedure, received antibiotics within 3 days before ED presentation, or before culture collection. Results Of the 263 patients, 123 had growth and 140 did not have growth in urine cultures. In the univariate analysis, female gender, urinary symptoms, urinary white blood cell (WBC) count>5 cells/hpf, and nitrite in urine were significantly associated with growth (P<0.05). However, only female gender (aOR, 1.86; 95% CI, 1.06–3.24), urinary WBC count>5 cells/hpf (aOR, 4.60; 95% CI, 2.21–9.59), and positive nitrite in urine (aOR, 21.90; 95% CI, 2.80–171.00) remained significant in the multivariable analysis. These factors also remained significant in the subgroup of patients with urinary symptoms, except for the female gender. Conclusion A high urinary WBC count and positive nitrite in UA should be utilized as a guide to collect urine culture, particularly in female patients, to limit the unnecessary ordering of urine culture in the ED. These factors can be used as evidence-based UA reflex criteria as an antimicrobial stewardship intervention. Keywords Urinalysis, Urinary tract infection, Urine culture, Urinalysis reflex Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Nada M. Alateeq1 , Manal B. Mohammed1 , Albandari T. Alsubaie1 , Amal A. Alshehri1 , Dalya Attallah2 , Salem Agabawi3 and Abrar K. Thabit1* Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived https://doi.org/10.1186/s12245-024-00656-8 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2024 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Peri Irawan Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource english Type The nature or genre of the resource text Urinalysis, Urinary tract infection, Urine culture, Urinalysis reflex