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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Volume 18 Issue 1 2025</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135936">
                <text>Successful management of life-threatening spontaneous inferior thyroid artery rupture in neurofibromatosis type 1: a rare case report</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="135937">
                <text>Airway, Emergency, Spontaneous artery rupture, Neurofibromatosis type 1, Case report</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135938">
                <text>Abstract&#13;
Background Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is an autosomal dominant disorder associated with cutaneous&#13;
&#13;
and vascular complications. Arterial rupture, including the rare involvement of the subclavian artery, can be life-&#13;
threatening. We present a case of a ruptured inferior thyroid artery in a patient with NF1, presenting with a rapidly&#13;
&#13;
expanding neck hematoma.&#13;
&#13;
Case presentation A 35-year-old male with a history of NF1 presented to the emergency department with sudden-&#13;
onset right-sided neck swelling and pain. The swelling rapidly expanded, leading to severe dyspnea, irritability, and&#13;
&#13;
hoarseness, necessitating emergent intubation. After failed attempts of intubation, a surgical tracheostomy was&#13;
performed. Imaging revealed active arterial extravasation at the inferior thyroid artery near the thyrocervical trunk,&#13;
with a large neck hematoma extending into the mediastinum. Coil embolization was performed, resulting in a&#13;
favorable outcome. Postoperative follow-up confirmed successful embolization and resolution of symptoms.&#13;
Discussion and conclusion NF1 is commonly associated with cutaneous manifestations but can also lead to&#13;
vascular complications, including arterial stenosis and aneurysms, due to impaired vascular endothelial and smooth&#13;
muscle cell function. Rupture of the inferior thyroid artery in NF1 is extremely rare and can present with symptoms&#13;
such as hoarseness, dysphagia, and swelling, complicating initial diagnosis. Management of vascular complications in&#13;
NF1 can be challenging due to the fragility of affected vessels. Endovascular interventions, such as coil embolization,&#13;
offer a less invasive treatment option with promising outcomes. In this case, rapid airway management followed by&#13;
angiographic embolization led to a successful resolution.&#13;
Keywords Airway, Emergency, Spontaneous artery rupture, Neurofibromatosis type 1, Case report</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135939">
                <text>Hamza A. Abdul-Hafez1*, Yazan Abudeyak1&#13;
&#13;
, Mahmoud S. Mansour2&#13;
&#13;
, Mohammed A. Barakat3&#13;
and&#13;
&#13;
Mohanad A. Abuzahra4</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135940">
                <text>https://doi.org/10.1186/s12245-025-00854-y</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135941">
                <text>2025</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135942">
                <text>Peri Irawan</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="135943">
                <text>pdf</text>
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          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135944">
                <text>english</text>
              </elementText>
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            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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                <text>text</text>
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    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="15567">
        <name>Airway, Emergency, Spontaneous artery rupture, Neurofibromatosis type 1, Case report</name>
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  <item itemId="12723" public="1" featured="1">
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="134588">
                  <text>Volume 18 Issue 1 2025</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
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    <elementSetContainer>
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135926">
                <text>Reaching the right facility for emergency patients - destinations of patients transported by emergency medical services in Kigali, Rwanda</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135927">
                <text>Ambulance, Emergency medical services (EMS), Service D’Aide Médicale Urgente (SAMU), Rwanda</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135928">
                <text>Abstract&#13;
Background Ensuring that emergency patients reach the right healthcare facility at the right time is a key&#13;
component of providing quality emergency care. Rwanda’s prehospital emergency care system, Service D’Aide&#13;
Médicale Urgente (SAMU), was established in 2007 to provide prehospital emergency care services, but a formal&#13;
assessment of the receiving facilities has not been done. We explored the characteristics of patients transported by&#13;
SAMU to identify factors influencing the choice of destination health facilities.&#13;
Methods We retrospectively analyzed SAMU data documenting patients transported in Kigali in 2022. The main&#13;
dataset included patient sex, age, emergency condition, insurance status, and destination facility. For a subset of&#13;
patients, additional data were available on clinical variables such as Glasgow Coma Score (GCS), variables to permit&#13;
derivation of the Triage Early Warning Scores (TEWS), and an assessment of urgency made by the ambulance team.&#13;
Facilities receiving patients transported by SAMU were categorised into health centers, district hospitals, and tertiary&#13;
hospitals. Results are described for the main dataset, and associations between facility type and patient characteristics&#13;
were determined using multinomial logistic regression on the subset of patients with additional clinical variables.&#13;
Results Data was available for 7,221 patients. The majority were male (65%), with a mean age of 34 years (SD=16).&#13;
The leading three emergency conditions were trauma (66%), gynecological and obstetric conditions (9%), and&#13;
medical conditions (17%). Most patients were received by district hospitals (47%), followed by health centers (36%),&#13;
and tertiary hospitals (17%). We also found that patients with urgency classified as “extreme” had a 49%, 37%, and</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135929">
                <text>Ephrem Daniel Sheferaw1*, Barnabas Alyande1&#13;
&#13;
, Oda Munyura1&#13;
&#13;
, Assuman Nuhu4&#13;
&#13;
, Aurore Nishimwe2&#13;
,&#13;
&#13;
Jeanne Nyinawankusi5&#13;
&#13;
, Jean Marie Uwitonze5&#13;
&#13;
, Jean Nepomuscene Sindikubwabo5&#13;
&#13;
, Irene Bagahirwa5&#13;
,&#13;
&#13;
Didier Hagumimana4&#13;
&#13;
, Fabien Hagenimana4&#13;
&#13;
, Collins Fred Inkotanyi1&#13;
&#13;
, Jean Claude Semuto5&#13;
&#13;
, Gilbert Rukundo5&#13;
,&#13;
&#13;
Agnieszka Ignatowicz2&#13;
&#13;
, Lucia D’Ambruoso3&#13;
&#13;
, Philbert Muhire7&#13;
&#13;
, Sudha Jayaraman8&#13;
&#13;
, Emmy Agabe Nkusi6&#13;
&#13;
, Laura Quinn2&#13;
,&#13;
&#13;
Abebe Bekele1&#13;
&#13;
, Jean Claude Byiringiro4† and Justine Davies2,9†</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135930">
                <text>https://doi.org/10.1186/s12245-025-00853-z</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135931">
                <text>2025</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135932">
                <text>Peri Irawan</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135933">
                <text>pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135934">
                <text>english</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135935">
                <text>text</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="15566">
        <name>Ambulance, Emergency medical services (EMS), Service D’Aide Médicale Urgente (SAMU), Rwanda</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="12722" public="1" featured="1">
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          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="134588">
                  <text>Volume 18 Issue 1 2025</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135916">
                <text>Patients’ attitude and information-seeking behaviour on intra-venous fluid therapy in emergency department for common cold: a cross-sectional study</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135917">
                <text>Attitude, Common cold, Information-seeking behaviour, Intra-venous fluid, Therapy</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135918">
                <text>Abstract&#13;
Objective This study aimed to examine patients’ attitude and information-seeking behaviour related to intra-venous&#13;
(IV) fluid use for the common cold visited in emergency department.&#13;
Methods A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted from January to May 2024. A total of 365 patients aged 18&#13;
years and older presenting with cold symptoms were surveyed using a validated questionnaire. The survey assessed&#13;
demographic information, attitudes towards IV fluid therapy, and the sources of information patients used. Descriptive&#13;
statistics, and one-sample t-tests were performed to compare mean perceptions against a neutral score (e.g., 3 on a&#13;
5-point Likert scale) using SPSS version 21.&#13;
Results The mean age of participants was 39.35±15.48 years, with 48.5% women and 51.5% men. Nearly two-third&#13;
(62.19%) of participants were agree or strongly agree that patient with cold must receive IV Fluid to get well. While the&#13;
majority of participants disagreed that IV fluid therapy strengthens the body (mean=2.08±1.02) or boosts immunity&#13;
(mean=2.03±0.98), many perceived it as effective in infection elimination (mean=3.81±1.24) and disease prevention&#13;
(mean=3.18±1.09). The majority of participants—81.92%, 88.49%, and 89.04%—agreed that sneezing, runny&#13;
nose, and mild fever, respectively, required IV fluids. Key information sources were specialists (mean=4.17±1.17)&#13;
and medical journals (mean=3.83±1.18), while general practitioners (mean=2.43±1.21) and social networks&#13;
(mean=2.6±1.33) were less utilized.&#13;
Conclusions The findings highlight the need for public health education on the natural course of the common cold&#13;
and the appropriate use of ED services to reduce unnecessary IV fluid administration.&#13;
Keywords Attitude, Common cold, Information-seeking behaviour, Intra-venous fluid, Therapy</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135919">
                <text>Abdollah Malekian1&#13;
&#13;
, Shiv Kumar Mudgal2&#13;
&#13;
, Nipin Kalal3&#13;
&#13;
, Shima Zaghi4&#13;
&#13;
, Zohreh Hosseini Marznaki5&#13;
,&#13;
&#13;
Seyyed Hamid Hoseini6&#13;
&#13;
, Fatemeh Keshavarzi7&#13;
&#13;
and Seyed Mohammad Hosseininejad8*</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135920">
                <text>https://doi.org/10.1186/s12245-025-00852-0</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135921">
                <text>2025</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135922">
                <text>Peri Irawan</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135923">
                <text>pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135924">
                <text>english</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135925">
                <text>text</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="15565">
        <name>Attitude, Common cold, Information-seeking behaviour, Intra-venous fluid, Therapy</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="12720" public="1" featured="1">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="12775">
        <src>https://repository.horizon.ac.id/files/original/43dc1ca101ba98224fcb75dbf15d87aa.pdf</src>
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        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="134588">
                  <text>Volume 18 Issue 1 2025</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135896">
                <text>Predictive value of venous bicarbonate levels for survival to hospital discharge in out-of- hospital cardiac arrest patients</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135897">
                <text>Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, Metabolic acidosis, Venous bicarbonate levels, Survival, Resuscitation&#13;
strategies</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135898">
                <text>Abstract&#13;
Background Acid-base disturbances significantly impact cardiac function and prognostic outcomes in cardiac arrest.&#13;
Previous studies have highlighted the correlation between pH levels from arterial blood gas (ABG) analyses during&#13;
cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) and survival outcomes. However, ABG&#13;
measurements are often impractical in resource-limited settings. This study explores the relationship between serum&#13;
bicarbonate levels and survival outcomes in patients with OHCA.&#13;
Methods This retrospective cohort study examined patients with OHCA who presented at Srinagarind Hospital&#13;
(Thailand) between 2015 and 2021. We analyzed venous bicarbonate levels and other laboratory markers (Na+,&#13;
K+, BUN, Creatinine). Demographic and clinical data were extracted from electronic medical records. The primary&#13;
objective was to assess the association between venous bicarbonate levels and survival and to determine the optimal&#13;
cutoff values for predicting survival in these patients.&#13;
Results Of the 461 identified patients, 19% survived hospital discharge. Survivors exhibited higher bicarbonate and&#13;
BUN levels but lower potassium levels. Bicarbonate levels≥12.6 demonstrated a sensitivity of 74% and specificity&#13;
of 47%, with an 88.44% negative predictive value (NPV) for survival. A sensitivity analysis, which reclassified patients&#13;
who left against medical advice as non-survivors, revealed that a bicarbonate cutoff of 13.9 mmol/L yielded the&#13;
best predictive value, with a sensitivity of 93.8% and a specificity of 52.1%. Factors associated with increased survival&#13;
included BUN≥19.5, bicarbonate≥12.6, private transport, and initial PEA or VT/VF rhythms, while potassium≥5.1&#13;
decreased survival likelihood.&#13;
Conclusion Bicarbonate levels, particularly with a threshold greater than 12.6 mmol/L, may be effective prognostic&#13;
indicators. Other factors influencing survival include BUN, potassium levels, private transport, and initial cardiac&#13;
rhythm. These insights can help clinicians improve resuscitation strategies and prognosis assessment, especially in&#13;
resource-limited settings.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135899">
                <text>Pariwat Phungoen1 , John M. O’Donnell2,3, Jirat Tosibphanom1&#13;
&#13;
, Praew Kotruchin1 , Thummasorn Phurisetthasak1&#13;
&#13;
and Thanat Tangpaisarn1*</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="135900">
                <text>https://doi.org/10.1186/s12245-025-00851-1</text>
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                <text>2025</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="135902">
                <text>Peri Irawan</text>
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      <tag tagId="427">
        <name>Out-of-hospital Cardiac Arrest</name>
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                  <text>Volume 18 Issue 1 2025</text>
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    <elementSetContainer>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="135864">
                <text>A comparison of SIEVE, SORT, and START triage training effectiveness between immersive interactive 3D learning materials using virtual reality (VR-SSST) and traditional methods in mass casualty incidents</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="135865">
                <text>Virtual reality, Disaster triage, Sieve triage, Sort triage, Start triage, Mass casualty incidents, ARCS model</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135866">
                <text>Abstract&#13;
Introduction Disaster triage is a crucial competency for paramedics. Traditional training methods, such as lectures&#13;
and tabletop exercises (TTx), may not provide immersive and high-pressure experience necessary for optimal&#13;
skill development. Virtual reality (VR) is innovative, allowing trainees to engage in realistic triage simulations in a&#13;
controlled, interactive environment.&#13;
Objective The study aimed to compare the effectiveness of VR-based triage training and traditional methods by&#13;
assessing knowledge, learner motivation, and practical skills through pre-and post-tests, the ARCS model, and live&#13;
simulations.&#13;
Methods This method-oriented, randomized study was conducted over a 2-week intervention among 83&#13;
paramedic students and compared traditional lecture-based (n=41) with VR-based (n=42) training for MCI triage&#13;
education among paramedic students at the Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University. Both&#13;
groups attended lectures. Knowledge was assessed through validated pre- and post-tests in four domains: memory,&#13;
comprehension, application and analysis. Learner motivation was evaluated using the ARCS model (Attention,&#13;
Relevance, Confidence, Satisfaction), and practical skills were measured during live simulations, assessing time use&#13;
and a validated accuracy score that included triage steps, proper sequencing, and the correctness of triage judgment.&#13;
Results Both groups demonstrated significant improvements in post-test knowledge scores. The VR group scored&#13;
higher across all ARCS model dimensions: attention (4.78 vs. 4.17, p&lt;0.001), relevance (4.79 vs. 4.37, p&lt;0.001),&#13;
confidence (4.74 vs. 4.24, p&lt;0.001), and satisfaction (4.71 vs. 4.34, p&lt;0.001). In the practical triage assessment, the VR&#13;
group achieved higher accuracy in SORT triage (14.39 vs. 12.09, p=0.001) than the traditional group.</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135867">
                <text>Kritsada Chumvanichaya1 , Chaiyaporn Yuksen1 , Promphet Nuanprom2 and Kasamon Aramvanitch1*</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135868">
                <text>https://doi.org/10.1186/s12245-025-00850-2</text>
              </elementText>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135869">
                <text>2025</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135870">
                <text>Peri Irawan</text>
              </elementText>
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            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135872">
                <text>english</text>
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    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="15563">
        <name>Virtual reality, Disaster triage, Sieve triage, Sort triage, Start triage, Mass casualty incidents, ARCS model</name>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="134588">
                  <text>Volume 18 Issue 1 2025</text>
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    <elementSetContainer>
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135822">
                <text>A survey of emergency medicine physicians’ knowledge, attitude, and practice towards esophagogastric variceal bleeding</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135823">
                <text>Emergency physicians, Esophagogastric variceal bleeding, Knowledge, Attitude, Practice</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135824">
                <text>Abstract&#13;
Background Esophageal-gastric variceal bleeding (EVB) is one of the leading causes of mortality in patients with&#13;
cirrhotic portal hypertension. Rapid, accurate, and effective emergency care is crucial for successful patient outcomes.&#13;
Aims This study aims to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of Chinese emergency physicians regarding&#13;
EVB, with the goal of improving the diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal bleeding in emergency settings.&#13;
Methods A self-designed questionnaire based on clinical guidelines was developed to assess EVB knowledge,&#13;
attitudes, and practices of Chinese emergency physicians in treating EVB. An online survey was conducted among&#13;
emergency physicians nationwide. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and correlation analysis.&#13;
Results The knowledge score for EVB was 11.2±3.5 (total score was 22), indicating a relatively low level of&#13;
understanding. Statistically significant differences in knowledge scores were observed across hospital grades,&#13;
educational backgrounds, years of experience, professional titles, and participation in relevant training programs&#13;
(P&lt;0.05). The mean attitude score for EVB was above 4 (total score was 5), reflecting a generally positive attitude&#13;
among physicians. In terms of practices, the score for treatment behavior of EVB was 2.7±1.2, and behavior was&#13;
positively correlated with knowledge and attitude (P&lt;0.05).&#13;
Conclusion Chinese emergency physicians demonstrate a low level of knowledge about EVB treatment, although&#13;
their attitudes remain positive. Their clinical practices in EVB management are also insufficient. Enhancing education&#13;
on EVB and standardizing treatment protocols are necessary to improve patient outcomes.&#13;
Keywords Emergency physicians, Esophagogastric variceal bleeding, Knowledge, Attitude, Practice</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135825">
                <text>Zhenzhen Gao1†, Yusong Gao2†, Shuai Ma1&#13;
&#13;
, Tianpeng Zhang3&#13;
&#13;
, Junyuan Wu1&#13;
&#13;
, Shubin Guo1&#13;
&#13;
and Xue Mei1*</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135826">
                <text>https://doi.org/10.1186/s12245-025-00849-9</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135827">
                <text>2025</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135828">
                <text>Peri Irawan</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135829">
                <text>pdf</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135830">
                <text>english</text>
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      <tag tagId="15561">
        <name>Emergency physicians, Esophagogastric variceal bleeding, Knowledge, Attitude, Practice</name>
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  <item itemId="12711" public="1" featured="1">
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          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="134588">
                  <text>Volume 18 Issue 1 2025</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
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          </elementContainer>
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    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135801">
                <text>A comparison of outcomes between transferred patients versus patients wh o presented directly to the emergency department with necrotizing fasciitis</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135802">
                <text>Necrotizing fasciitis, Operative report, Soft tissue infection, Cellulitis, Skin abscess</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135803">
                <text>Abstract&#13;
Introduction Necrotizing Fasciitis (NF) is a rare life-threatening bacterial infection that necessitates emergent&#13;
resuscitation and operative intervention. Most of the literature has emphasized the need for early surgical&#13;
intervention. This is problematic for patients being treated at a facility lacking surgical support, with concerns for&#13;
increasing mortality and morbidity rates.&#13;
Methods This is a 10-year retrospective study of emergency department (ED) documentation and surgical operative&#13;
reports of patients seen at Arrowhead Regional Medical Center from January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2020. The&#13;
patients were divided into two groups: the Transfer Group (TG), consisting of those transferred from another facility,&#13;
and the Direct Admit Group (DAG), comprising those who presented directly to the ED. A comparison was conducted&#13;
to identify statistically significant differences between the 2 groups of patients with a final diagnosis of NF, with&#13;
specific emphasis on mortality rate, hospital length of stay (LOS), and intensive care unit (ICU) LOS.&#13;
Results A total of 134 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of NF were included in the final analysis. More than&#13;
half (50.8%, n=68) of the patients presented as transfers from area hospitals. Compared to the DAG, the TG had a&#13;
significantly higher percentage of patients undergoing surgical intervention within six hours of ED presentation&#13;
(95.6% vs. 10.6%, respectively; p&lt;0.0001). The TG had a lower mortality rate compared to the DAG (11.8% vs. 22.7%),&#13;
though the difference did not reach statistical significance. There was no statistically significant difference in hospital&#13;
LOS (13 days vs. 13.5 days, p=0.9046) or ICU LOS (3 days for both groups, p=0.4845) between these two groups.&#13;
Conclusion Aggressive management with broad-spectrum antibiotics and intravenous fluid resuscitation may&#13;
mitigate the effect on mortality in patients with necrotizing fasciitis when prompt surgical intervention is not&#13;
available.&#13;
Keywords Necrotizing fasciitis, Operative report, Soft tissue infection, Cellulitis, Skin abscess</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135804">
                <text>Michael M. Neeki1,2,3*, Fanglong Dong1,2,3, Louis Tran1,2,3, Aldin Malkoc1,2,3, Joseph Kim1,2,3, Sarah C. Neeki1,2,3,&#13;
Suraj Patel1,2,3, Niluk Leon Senewiratne1,2,3, Mariel Ma1,2,3, Cynthis Wong1,2,3, Rodney Borger1,2,3 and David Wong1,2,3</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135805">
                <text>https://doi.org/10.1186/s12245-025-00848-w</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135806">
                <text>2025</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135807">
                <text>Peri Irawan</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135808">
                <text>pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135809">
                <text>english</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="15560">
        <name>Necrotizing fasciitis, Operative report, Soft tissue infection, Cellulitis, Skin abscess</name>
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  </item>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Volume 18 Issue 1 2025</text>
                </elementText>
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    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135791">
                <text>Critical revisits after discharge from the emergency department</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135792">
                <text>Revisits, Triage, Patient safety, Ed administration</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="135793">
                <text>Abstract&#13;
Aims Emergency department (ED) revisits within 72 h is a standard quality measure for emergency care but most&#13;
revisits are managed and discharged. However, a sub-group of revisits are due to clinical deterioration resulting in&#13;
admissions to higher acuity care or even mortality. We aimed to identify these critical revisits and their associated risk&#13;
factors. Identification of these factors would allow development of strategies to reduce incidence of post discharge&#13;
deterioration.&#13;
Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted on all patients who had a revisit within 72 h of discharge from&#13;
the ED of a tertiary hospital in Singapore from 2008 to 2020. Deidentified data were extracted from the electronic&#13;
health records (EHR). We identified critical revisits, defined as a revisit that resulted in death or admission to Intensive&#13;
Care Unit or High Dependency. These patients were compared to patients who had a revisit that resulted in discharge&#13;
or admission to general ward. The main outcome was the rate of critical revisit. We also determined the commonest&#13;
index and critical revisit ED diagnosis as well as factors associated with critical revisits.&#13;
Results Out of 1,057,533 discharges from the ED over the study period, 44,506 (4.2%) had a revisit within 72 h, of&#13;
which 1321 (0.12%) were critical revisits. Adjusted odds ratios from multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated&#13;
that higher heart rate, higher mean arterial pressure, and several lab abnormalities were associated with critical&#13;
revisits. Diagnosis categories at the initial visit with the highest contribution to the likelihood of a critical revisit&#13;
included “acute cerebrovascular disease” (OR: 38.00, 95%CI: 27.04–53.39), “other gastrointestinal disorders” (OR: 3.10,&#13;
95%CI: 2.41–3.99) and “residual codes; unclassified” (OR: 2.69, 95%CI: 2.01–3.60).&#13;
Conclusion Critical revisits after discharge were rare in our study population, most prevalent amongst the elderly&#13;
with multiple comorbidities. Future research should focus on diagnoses at higher risk of a critical revisit to develop&#13;
practical approaches to follow up these patients.&#13;
Keywords Revisits, Triage, Patient safety, Ed administration</text>
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                <text>Zhenghong Liu1*†, Raziyeh Mohammadi2†, Seyed Ehsan Saffari2&#13;
&#13;
, Wei Lin Tallie Chua1&#13;
&#13;
, Mingwei Ng1&#13;
,&#13;
&#13;
Fahad Javaid Siddiqui3&#13;
&#13;
and Marcus Eng Hock Ong1,4</text>
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&#13;
in medical emergencies with organ failure is unknown. We hypothesized that remifentanil use in nonoperative inten-&#13;
sive care unit (ICU) patients requiring ventilatory management would improve delirium outcomes. This retrospec-&#13;
tive study included 95 nonoperative patients with unplanned ICU admissions requiring ventilatory opioids. Delirium&#13;
&#13;
was assessed using the Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist. Patients were divided into remifentanil and non-&#13;
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&#13;
weighting. After matching, the remifentanil group had significantly more delirium-free days (DFDs) within 14 days&#13;
than the non-remifentanil group (8 [5–11] vs. 5 [3–9], p&lt;.001). Adjusted multivariate analysis showed that DFD&#13;
was significantly increased in the remifentanil group (Odds ratio=2.639 [95% CI 1.279–5.445]; p=0.009). Remifentanil&#13;
use in nonoperative ventilated ICU patients may reduce delirium duration.&#13;
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confirmed with coronary angiogram showing occlusion in proximal left circumflex artery, as well as rise in troponin.&#13;
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