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                  <text>Prosiding STIKES Bethesda VOL 5 NO 1 2025</text>
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                <text>SIMULASI MODEL DISCRETE TIME MARKOV CHAIN (DTMC) SIA DAN SIAT PADA PENYEBARAN PENYAKIT HIV/AIDS</text>
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                <text>epidemic, DTMC, HIV, AIDS, treatment</text>
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                <text>Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a virus that can attack human white blood cells, thus reducing&#13;
the immune system, and making sufferers susceptible to infection. Decreased immunity due to HIV can&#13;
cause a collection of symptoms of the disease, commonly called Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome&#13;
(AIDS). Until now, no cure has been found for HIV/AIDS, but there is type of drug that can be used to&#13;
slow the development of the virus, namely antiretroviral (ARV). The purpose of this article is to model&#13;
the spread of HIV/AIDS using Discrete Time Markov Chain (DTMC) SIA (Susceptible-Infected-AIDS)&#13;
and SIAT (Susceptible-Infected-AIDS-Treatment) and then compare the two models through&#13;
simulation. The parameters used are rate of HIV transmission (β), rate of AIDS progression (δ), rate&#13;
of HIV treatment (α1), and rate of AIDS treatment (α2). The data used for calculating parameter&#13;
estimates are from Ministry of Health for cases 2014-2023. Simulations on the DTMC SIA epidemic&#13;
model show that the number of HIV individuals has decreased, while the number of AIDS individuals&#13;
has increased, reaching its peak with 24 individuals infected AIDS at t=1000. In contrast, DTMC SIAT&#13;
epidemic model with ARV shows that the number of HIV/AIDS individuals has decreased, while the&#13;
number of individuals receiving treatment has increased.&#13;
Keywords: epidemic, DTMC, HIV, AIDS, treatment</text>
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                <text>*Agnes Monica Puspitaningtyas, Respatiwulan, Isnandar Slamet</text>
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                  <text>Prosiding STIKES Bethesda VOL 5 NO 1 2025</text>
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                <text>Simulasi Model Epidemi Discrete Time Markov Chain Susceptible Infected Recovered-Susceptible Infected pada Penyebaran Penyakit Demam Berdarah Dengue</text>
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                <text>epidemi, demam berdarah dengue, discrete time markov chain</text>
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                <text>Penyebaran penyakit menular yang meluas dan terjadi dalam jangka waktu tertentu disebut dengan&#13;
epidemi. Demam berdarah dengue merupakan penyakit yang menular melalui gigitan nyamuk Aedes&#13;
aegypti atau Aedes albopticus yang telah terinfeksi virus dengue. Penyebaran penyakit demam berdarah&#13;
dengue pada populasi manusia terbagi menjadi kelompok manusia susceptible (Sh), manusia infected&#13;
(Ih), dan manusia recovered (Rh), serta pada populasi nyamuk terbagi menjadi kelompok nyamuk&#13;
susceptible (Sm), dan nyamuk infected (Im). Manusia yang terinfeksi dengue dapat sembuh dan&#13;
memiliki kekebalan permanen, sedangkan nyamuk yang terinfeksi akan membawa virus tersebut&#13;
selama hidupnya. Perubahan jumlah individu kedua populasi ditinjau mengikuti proses Markov waktu&#13;
diskrit atau disebut Discrete Time Markov Chain Susceptible Infected Recovered-Susceptible Infected&#13;
(DTMC SIR-SI). Penelitian ini menyimulasikan model epidemi DTMC SIR-SI dengan menentukan&#13;
probabilitas transisi, asumsi, variabel acak, serta parameter yang digunakan. Hasil simulasi menyatakan&#13;
bahwa memperkecil laju kontak antara nyamuk-manusia (βhb) dapat memperlambat perluasan&#13;
penyebaran epidemi dengan cara mengurangi jumlah individu yang terinfeksi. Selain itu, pengendalian&#13;
epidemi dapat dilakukan dengan memperbesar laju kesembuhan (γh) untuk mempercepat proses&#13;
pemulihan individu terinfeksi.&#13;
Kata kunci: epidemi, demam berdarah dengue, discrete time markov chain</text>
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                <text>*Dian Prihatiningsih, Respatiwulan, Sri Subanti</text>
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                <text>Efektivitas Kombinasi Nebulizer Dan Fisioterapi Dada Dengan Open Suction Pada Tn.M Dengan Gagal Napas Terpasang Endotracheal Tube Terhadap Bersihan Jalan Napas Di Salah Satu Rumah Sakit Swasta&#13;
Yogyakarta: Case Report</text>
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                <text>Endotracheal Tube - Chest Physiotherapy - Nebulizer - Suction.</text>
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                <text>Background: A problem that often arises in patients who are attached to an endotracheal tube is the&#13;
clearing of the airway due to the accumulation of sputum or foreign objects in the airway. Most of the&#13;
patients who are treated in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) room experience respiratory failure and then&#13;
are attached to an endotracheal tube for a long period of time and often experience complications, one&#13;
of which is increased sputum. Thus, the measures that can be taken are a combination of nebulizers and&#13;
non-pharmacological actions of chest physiotherapy with suction which has the effect of releasing&#13;
phlegm and can clear the airway. Main symptoms: patients with respiratory failure accompanied by&#13;
additional ronchi breathing sounds in both lung lobes are heard, there is sputum in the circuit.&#13;
Therapeutic intervention: the administration of the nebulizer is carried out for 15 minutes, then for chest&#13;
physiotherapy it is carried out for 10 minutes using the clapping technique simultaneously with the&#13;
nebulizer, then paused and suction is performed for 15 seconds, this intervention is carried out for three&#13;
consecutive days. Outcome: after intervention during the day, it is expected to reduce sputum&#13;
production.Conclusion: There is an increase in oxygen saturation and a decrease in sputum production&#13;
after a combination of nebulizer and chest physiotherapy with open suction.&#13;
Keywords: Endotracheal Tube - Chest Physiotherapy - Nebulizer - Suction.</text>
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                <text>1&#13;
Ivana Maylinda, 2Diah Pujiastuti, 3Danarso</text>
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                <text>Anaemia is a condition where the number of red blood cells (erythrocytes) or haemoglobin (Hb) levels in&#13;
the blood (&lt;12gd/l Butterfly Hug is a nonpharmacological intervention that can reduce sleep pattern&#13;
disturbances in anaemic patients because it can soothe with a calm state a person can increase melatonin&#13;
horons that can stimulate sleep and reduce the hormone cartisol. The research design used is descriptive&#13;
quantitative with a case study design with a case study approach through the butterfly hug action by asking&#13;
the patient to cross their arms in the form of hugging the patient's upper arm asking the patient to suggest&#13;
thoughts by emptying the mind and imagining a preferred place then doing deep breathing techniques and&#13;
patting the upper arm with a slow tempo repeat until the patient falls asleep. The result of the intervention&#13;
was a decreased sleep pattern disorder with the patient lying down from 20-30 minutes to 5 minutes carried&#13;
out for three days. Advice for nurses is that this intervention can be a non-pharmacological alternative to&#13;
reduce sleep disturbances in anaemic patients.&#13;
Keywords: anaemia, butterfly hug</text>
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                <text>1Dewi Jati Satyani*,&#13;
2&#13;
Ignasia Yunita Sari,&#13;
&#13;
3Ganang Agus</text>
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                <text>ASUHAN KEPERAWATAN KOMPREHENSIF PADA PASIEN ST ELEVASI&#13;
MIOKARD INFARK DENGAN MASALAH KEPERAWATAN NYERI AKUT: CASE REPORT</text>
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                <text>ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction; Acute Pain</text>
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                <text>Introduction: ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) is a condition that occurs when&#13;
&#13;
coronary blood flow experiences a sudden decrease due to the occlusion of a thrombus in a pre-&#13;
existing alekrosclerotic plaque which can result in myocyte cell death. In general, STEMI occurs&#13;
&#13;
due to atherosclerotic anterior arteries or other causes that can create an imbalance between&#13;
oxygen supply and demand in the myocardium. Method: case report on the implementation of&#13;
comprehensive nursing care in patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction with acute pain&#13;
nursing problems at the Yogyakarta Regional Private Hospital. Results and discussion:&#13;
application of nursing care carried out on st elevation myocardial infarction patients with acute&#13;
pain nursing problems at the Yogyakarta Special Region Private Hospital, when the research&#13;
started on 13-14 May 2024 at the Yogyakarta Special Region Private Hospital. Data collection&#13;
techniques use interview, observation and physical examination methods, as well as&#13;
documentation studies. Conclusions and suggestions: with comprehensive nursing care, it is&#13;
hoped that patients can avoid further complications and achieve optimal recovery.&#13;
Key words: ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction; Acute Pain</text>
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                <text>1Helmi Prisetiya Ningrum, 1Ethic Palupi*, 2FA Muji Raharjo</text>
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                  <text>Prosiding STIKES Bethesda VOL 5 NO 1 2025</text>
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                <text>TERAPI KOMBINASI RELAKSASI GENGGAM JARI DAN INHALASI AROMATERAPI LAVENDER UNTUK NYERI PASCA OPERASI TURP (CASE REPORT)</text>
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                <text>Benign prostatic hyperplasia is the non-malignant growth of the stroma and glandular epithelium of&#13;
the prostate causing enlargement of the prostate gland. Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (TURP)&#13;
surgery is a non-incisional surgery, which electrically cuts the prostate through the urethral meatus&#13;
which is often performed on BPH patients. Data from the Ministry of Health in 2019 the highest&#13;
prevalence of prostate cancer is in DI Yogyakarta province as much as 4.86 per 1,000 population. The&#13;
purpose of the case study through the action of a combination of finger grip relaxation therapy and&#13;
lavender aromatherapy inhalation on pain in BPH patients after TURP surgery. The research design&#13;
used is a quantitative descriptive method with a case study design and a sample size of 1 person carried&#13;
out a combination of finger grasp relaxation therapy and lavender aromatherapy inhalation for 2 days&#13;
carried out for 15-30 minutes of assessment using the Numeric Rating Scale. The results of the&#13;
intervention obtained a decrease in pain levels from a scale of 5 to 3 gradually. The conclusion obtained&#13;
is that the combination of finger grasping relaxation and lavender aromatherapy inhalation effectively&#13;
reduces the level of pain after TURP surgery.&#13;
Keywords: Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia; TURP; Pain; finger grip relaxation and lavender&#13;
aromatherapy inhalation.</text>
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                <text>1Limbong Dameria Shyntia Christin, 2&#13;
&#13;
Ignasia Yunita Sari*,&#13;
&#13;
3Ganang Agus Sudiboyo</text>
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                  <text>Prosiding STIKES Bethesda VOL 5 NO 1 2025</text>
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                <text>BERKUMUR AIR HANGAT UNTUK MENGURANGI RASA HAUS DAN AROMATHERAPY CHAMOMILE UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS TIDUR PADA PASIEN GAGAL GINJAL KRONIS: CASE REPORT</text>
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                <text>chronic renal failure - thirst - warm gargle therapy - sleep disturbance - chamomile aromatherapy</text>
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                <text>GGK patients will feel thirsty due to fluid reduction and GGK patients feel sleep disturbances. Ways that&#13;
can be done in reducing thirst and improving sleep quality are gargling therapy to reduce thirst, and&#13;
chamomile aromatherapy therapy to improve sleep quality. Patients with chronic renal failure who&#13;
experience dry mouth and lips due to fluid restriction and also complaints of insomnia at night. The&#13;
research design used descriptive quantitative sampling technique with a total sample of one person. The&#13;
interventions carried out were warm water gargling which was carried out for 30 seconds with 25cc of&#13;
warm water and chamomile aromatherap which was given for 15 minutes, the assessment was carried out&#13;
using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and the PSQI questionnaire. The results of the intervention for two&#13;
times obtained a change in thirst from severe thirst to moderate thirst and no change in the patient's sleep&#13;
quality remained with a score of 14 (poor sleep quality).Suggestions for room nurses because there is a&#13;
decrease in thirst with warm water gargling and improved sleep quality with chamomile aromatherapy,&#13;
therefore warm water gargling therapy and chamomile aromatherapy can be applied in hospitals as a&#13;
nurse's independent action in chronic renal failure patients with thirst problems.&#13;
Keywords: chronic renal failure - thirst - warm gargle therapy - sleep disturbance - chamomile&#13;
aromatherapy</text>
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                <text>1Oceu Puspita Sari, 2*&#13;
&#13;
Ignasia Yunita Sari*,&#13;
&#13;
3Ganang Agus Sudibyo</text>
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                <text>CASE REPORT: LIGHT MASSAGE THERAPY PADA PASIEN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE YANG MENJALANI HEMODIALISA DENGAN HIPERTENSI</text>
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                <text>Background: Yogyakarta with a percentage of 33.8% of the population experiencing chronic renal&#13;
failure. Hypertension is the main cause of chronic renal failure. In Indonesia, it is estimated that 8,472&#13;
people or 36% of chronic kidney failure patients are caused by hypertension. It is estimated that 42%&#13;
of deaths in 2018 were complicated by hypertension. Complications of hypertension and renal failure&#13;
increase patient mortality, this is the basis for the importance of blood pressure control in patients with&#13;
chronic renal failure. Main Symptoms: Patients with chronic renal failure who have blood pressure&#13;
above 140/90 mmHg. Methods: This type of final scientific work uses a descriptive approach with a&#13;
case report design. The population is patients with chronic renal failure who undergo hemodialysis.&#13;
The sampling technique used purposive sampling, the number of samples was one person. The&#13;
intervention performed was Light Massage Therapy. Assessment using blood pressure observation&#13;
sheets and tensimeters. Results: The results of two interventions showed a decrease in systolic and&#13;
diastolic blood pressure. Conclusion: Successfully applying Light Massage Therapy to reduce blood&#13;
pressure in patients with chronic renal failure. Suggestion: Light Massage Therapy as a complementary&#13;
therapy and alternative family education to reduce blood pressure.&#13;
Keywords: chronic renal failure; hemodialysis; hypertension; light massage therapy</text>
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                <text>Bacground : Stroke is a disorder of central nervous function in the form of blockage of cerebral blood&#13;
vessels, symptoms that appear in hemiparese disease, namely decreased muscle strength, one of the&#13;
closure interventions that can be done in dealing with decreased muscle strength by giving clove oil&#13;
massage with swedish massage techniques. Objective: Knowing the provision of clove oil massage&#13;
with swedish massage techniques in increasing the strength of muscle strength in patients with&#13;
cerebrovascular accident (CVA) Non Hemorrhagic. Methods : Giving clove oil massage with swedish&#13;
massage technique on the extremities. Massage is given 1x a day with a duration of 15 minutes and&#13;
lasts for 3 days. Results : The results of giving clove oil massage with swedish massage techniques&#13;
showed a significant increase in muscle strength after the intervention. Conclusion: Giving clove oil&#13;
massage with swedish massage technique is quite effective in overcoming the problem of decreased&#13;
&#13;
muscle strength. Suggestion : The results of this study can be used as a reference in non-&#13;
pharmacological interventions in the form of clove oil massage or clove oil with swedish massage&#13;
&#13;
techniques to increase muscle strength in patients with decreased muscle strength.&#13;
&#13;
Keywords : Clove Oil - Physical mobility disorder - Non-hemorrhagic stroke - Swedish Massage</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="140618">
                <text>1Tri Widarti, 1Nurlia Ikaningtyas, 2Yossana Herlian</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>2025</text>
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                <text>Peri Irawan</text>
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                <text>english</text>
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        <name>Clove Oil - Physical mobility disorder - Non-hemorrhagic stroke - Swedish Massage</name>
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                  <text>Prosiding STIKES Bethesda VOL 5 NO 1 2025</text>
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              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="140290">
                  <text>peri irawan</text>
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                <text>Pemberian Oat Lotion untuk Menurunkan Xerosis pada Pasien Gagal Ginjal Kronik yang Menjalani Hemodialisis: Studi Kasus</text>
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                <text>oat; lotion; xerosis; hemodialysis</text>
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                <text>Background: Mr. W, 67 years old, has chronic kidney failure and has been undergoing hemodialysis&#13;
for 13 years. The problem experienced is xerosis. Mr. W complained that his skin was dry on his feet&#13;
and the patients xerosis scale at scale 2, dry skin was scaly, few large scales, litte rought and looked&#13;
whitish. If dry skin is not treated immediately can cause itchy skin which can disrupt the patient's quality&#13;
of life. Treatment that can be reduce dry skin is to maintain skin moisture, one of which is by giving oat&#13;
lotion. Oats contain protein and are rich in vitamin E which can moisturize the skin, smooth the skin,&#13;
tighten the skin and regenerate the skin quickly. Method: Patients with chronic renal failure who&#13;
experience xerosis in their bodies. The intervention was for 10 days. The degree of dry skin was assessed&#13;
before and after administering oat lotion using Overall Dry Skin Score (ODSS) and skin analyzer.&#13;
Result: The results of intervention showed that was a change in the xerosis scale from scale 2 to scale&#13;
1 and skin moisture from very dry to dry skin. Conclusion: Oat lotion can reduce xerosis and increase&#13;
skin moisture in chronic kidney failure patients undergoing hemodialysis. Suggestion: Giving oat lotion&#13;
can be applied in hospitals as an independent action for nurses in chronic kidney failure patients with&#13;
xerosis.&#13;
Keywords: oat; lotion; xerosis; hemodialysis</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="140636">
                <text>1Yohana Wahyu Pertiwi*,&#13;
&#13;
1Nimsi Melati, 2Eni Purwanti</text>
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                <text>2025</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="140638">
                <text>Peri Irawan</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="140639">
                <text>PDF</text>
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