The effect of an empowerment program on knowledge and cancer
cervical screening participation among reproductive age women in Indonesia: A randomized clinical trial
Dublin Core
Title
The effect of an empowerment program on knowledge and cancer
cervical screening participation among reproductive age women in Indonesia: A randomized clinical trial
cervical screening participation among reproductive age women in Indonesia: A randomized clinical trial
Subject
cancer cervical; empowerment; Indonesia; knowledge;
screening participation
screening participation
Description
Background: Cervical cancer in Indonesia is the second leading cause of
death and a significant health burden, largely due to low screening coverage.
Indonesia faces challenges in developing women’s health due to a lack of
information, studies, weak relationship between research, management,
planning, and service provision, and limited resources and expertise.
Purpose: This study aimed to examine the effect of an empowerment-
based educational intervention on improving knowledge and participation in
cervical cancer screening among women of reproductive age in Indonesia.
Methods: A randomized clinical trial was conducted in Jakarta, Indonesia,
from February to July 2023, involving 150 eligible women. Participants
were allocated to intervention or control groups using block randomization
(block size = 4) with a 1:1 ratio. The intervention group received a three-
week empowerment program consisting of six educational sessions.
Outcomes, including cervical cancer knowledge and screening participation,
were measured at baseline and eight weeks post-intervention. Data were
analyzed using t-tests, chi-square tests, and linear regression. Risk ratios
and differences were estimated using marginal standardization. Analyses
followed the intention-to-treat principle, with blinding applied during data
analysis.
Results:A randomized study with 80 participants showed an improvement in
knowledge about cervical cancer and cancer cervical screening participation
at 8 weeks. The intervention group showed a mean difference of 3.91 (1.38)
and 4.24 (0.45) p<0.05. More participants in the intervention group reached
Minimal Clinically Important Differences (MCIDs) in knowledge about cervical
cancer and cancer cervical screening participation than in the control group,
with a relative risk of 2.34 (95% CI=1.08-4.36) and 2.57 (95% CI=1.21-4.90),
respectively.
Conclusion: An empowerment program significantly enhances knowledge
and participation in cancer cervical screening among reproductive age
women in Indonesia after intervention, but further studies are needed to
determine its long-term impact.
death and a significant health burden, largely due to low screening coverage.
Indonesia faces challenges in developing women’s health due to a lack of
information, studies, weak relationship between research, management,
planning, and service provision, and limited resources and expertise.
Purpose: This study aimed to examine the effect of an empowerment-
based educational intervention on improving knowledge and participation in
cervical cancer screening among women of reproductive age in Indonesia.
Methods: A randomized clinical trial was conducted in Jakarta, Indonesia,
from February to July 2023, involving 150 eligible women. Participants
were allocated to intervention or control groups using block randomization
(block size = 4) with a 1:1 ratio. The intervention group received a three-
week empowerment program consisting of six educational sessions.
Outcomes, including cervical cancer knowledge and screening participation,
were measured at baseline and eight weeks post-intervention. Data were
analyzed using t-tests, chi-square tests, and linear regression. Risk ratios
and differences were estimated using marginal standardization. Analyses
followed the intention-to-treat principle, with blinding applied during data
analysis.
Results:A randomized study with 80 participants showed an improvement in
knowledge about cervical cancer and cancer cervical screening participation
at 8 weeks. The intervention group showed a mean difference of 3.91 (1.38)
and 4.24 (0.45) p<0.05. More participants in the intervention group reached
Minimal Clinically Important Differences (MCIDs) in knowledge about cervical
cancer and cancer cervical screening participation than in the control group,
with a relative risk of 2.34 (95% CI=1.08-4.36) and 2.57 (95% CI=1.21-4.90),
respectively.
Conclusion: An empowerment program significantly enhances knowledge
and participation in cancer cervical screening among reproductive age
women in Indonesia after intervention, but further studies are needed to
determine its long-term impact.
Creator
Nofa Anggraini* , Susi Susanti , Rima Akhiri , Sisi Amelia, Dewi
Cahyani
Cahyani
Source
http://jkp.fkep.unpad.ac.id/index.
php/jkp
php/jkp
Date
August 30, 2025
Contributor
peri irawan
Format
pdf
Language
english
Type
text
Files
Collection
Citation
Nofa Anggraini* , Susi Susanti , Rima Akhiri , Sisi Amelia, Dewi
Cahyani, “The effect of an empowerment program on knowledge and cancer
cervical screening participation among reproductive age women in Indonesia: A randomized clinical trial,” Repository Horizon University Indonesia, accessed February 12, 2026, https://repository.horizon.ac.id/items/show/10801.
cervical screening participation among reproductive age women in Indonesia: A randomized clinical trial,” Repository Horizon University Indonesia, accessed February 12, 2026, https://repository.horizon.ac.id/items/show/10801.