Nurturing Care Practices and Developmental Outcomes in Acutely Ill Children Aged 12-36 Months: A Cross-Sectional Study
Dublin Core
Title
Nurturing Care Practices and Developmental Outcomes in Acutely Ill Children Aged 12-36 Months: A Cross-Sectional Study
Subject
acute disease, child development, cross-sectional studies, early childhood development, indonesia
Description
Background: The period from 12 to 36 months represents a
critical window for child development, yet the relationship
between nurturing care practices and developmental outcomes
during acute illness remains poorly understood. This study
aimed to determine the relationship between maternal nurturing
care practices and the developmental status of acutely ill
children aged 12-36 months in Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta,
Indonesia.
Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive-analytic study was
conducted among 70 mother-child pairs recruited through
consecutive sampling. Maternal nurturing care practices were
assessed using a modified questionnaire adapted from UNICEF
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices tools. Child development
was evaluated using the Indonesian Pre-Screening Development
Questionnaire (KPSP). Maternal depression was measured using
the Beck Depression Inventory-II. Data were analyzed using
Fisher's exact test, with statistical significance set at p<0.05.
Results: The majority of mothers (57.1%) demonstrated poor
nurturing care practices, while 84.3% of acutely ill children
showed age-appropriate development. Most mothers (80.0%)
were aged 20-35 years, had secondary education (50.0%), and
were not experiencing depression (68.6%). Fever was the most
common acute illness (44.3%), with a median duration of 3 days.
No statistically significant association was found between
maternal nurturing care practices and child development status
(p=0.331, OR=2.250, 95% CI: 0.543-9.330). Additionally,
established developmental predictors including maternal
education (p=0.745), family economic status (p=1.000), and
maternal depression (p=0.873) showed no significant
associations with developmental outcomes.
Conclusion: These findings highlight the need for contextspecific nurturing care assessment tools and longitudinal
research designs to better understand the complex dynamics
between caregiving practices, acute illness, and developmental
outcomes in young children.
critical window for child development, yet the relationship
between nurturing care practices and developmental outcomes
during acute illness remains poorly understood. This study
aimed to determine the relationship between maternal nurturing
care practices and the developmental status of acutely ill
children aged 12-36 months in Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta,
Indonesia.
Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive-analytic study was
conducted among 70 mother-child pairs recruited through
consecutive sampling. Maternal nurturing care practices were
assessed using a modified questionnaire adapted from UNICEF
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices tools. Child development
was evaluated using the Indonesian Pre-Screening Development
Questionnaire (KPSP). Maternal depression was measured using
the Beck Depression Inventory-II. Data were analyzed using
Fisher's exact test, with statistical significance set at p<0.05.
Results: The majority of mothers (57.1%) demonstrated poor
nurturing care practices, while 84.3% of acutely ill children
showed age-appropriate development. Most mothers (80.0%)
were aged 20-35 years, had secondary education (50.0%), and
were not experiencing depression (68.6%). Fever was the most
common acute illness (44.3%), with a median duration of 3 days.
No statistically significant association was found between
maternal nurturing care practices and child development status
(p=0.331, OR=2.250, 95% CI: 0.543-9.330). Additionally,
established developmental predictors including maternal
education (p=0.745), family economic status (p=1.000), and
maternal depression (p=0.873) showed no significant
associations with developmental outcomes.
Conclusion: These findings highlight the need for contextspecific nurturing care assessment tools and longitudinal
research designs to better understand the complex dynamics
between caregiving practices, acute illness, and developmental
outcomes in young children.
Creator
Amalina Batrisyia Agustin, Fitri Haryanti, Ika Parmawati, Akhmadi Akhmadi
Source
https://doi.org/10.37341/jkg.v9i2.1304
Publisher
Poltekkes Surakarta
Date
December 2025
Contributor
Sri Wahyuni
Format
PDF
Language
English
Type
Text
Files
Collection
Citation
Amalina Batrisyia Agustin, Fitri Haryanti, Ika Parmawati, Akhmadi Akhmadi, “Nurturing Care Practices and Developmental Outcomes in Acutely Ill Children Aged 12-36 Months: A Cross-Sectional Study,” Repository Horizon University Indonesia, accessed February 21, 2026, https://repository.horizon.ac.id/items/show/10921.