Adherence to antiretroviral therapy, CD4 count, viral load and opportunistic infections in people with HIV/AIDS: a cross-sectional study
Dublin Core
Title
Adherence to antiretroviral therapy, CD4 count, viral load and opportunistic infections in people with HIV/AIDS: a cross-sectional study
Subject
adherence, antiretroviral therapy, CD4, opportunistic infections, PLHIV, viral load
Description
Introduction: Globally, antiretroviral therapy (ART) has been successful in reducing the death rate due to
human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Different conditions in Indonesia mean the death rate due to HIV/AIDS is
still high. The problem lies in the low compliance with ART. This study aimed to analyze the correlation between
ART adherence with number of CD4, the opportunistic infection (OI) and viral load in PLHIV.
Methods: A quantitative survey with cross-sectional approach was conducted between August – September
2022. As many as 375 PLHIV were recruited and agreed to give consent as research respondents. All respondents
completed a questionnaire about ART adherence, OI and had blood taken to check CD4 count and viral load.
Analyses were performed using Chi-squared test SPSS version 21 with significance level p<0.05.
Results: A significant relationship was shown between ART adherence and OI (p value= 0.000 with <0.05). The
respondents who reported adherence in ART also showed asymptomatic OI. The analysis also showed that ART
adherence had significant relationship with CD4 count (p value= 0.000 with <0.05) and viral load (p value= 0.000
with <0.05), respectively. Respondents adherent to taking ART had better level of CD4 and suppressed viral
load in the body.
Conclusions: Adherence of antiretroviral therapy is the important factor contributing to the immune status of
PLHIV, which has an impact on reducing CD4 count and suppressing viral load, thereby preventing the
emergence of OI.
human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Different conditions in Indonesia mean the death rate due to HIV/AIDS is
still high. The problem lies in the low compliance with ART. This study aimed to analyze the correlation between
ART adherence with number of CD4, the opportunistic infection (OI) and viral load in PLHIV.
Methods: A quantitative survey with cross-sectional approach was conducted between August – September
2022. As many as 375 PLHIV were recruited and agreed to give consent as research respondents. All respondents
completed a questionnaire about ART adherence, OI and had blood taken to check CD4 count and viral load.
Analyses were performed using Chi-squared test SPSS version 21 with significance level p<0.05.
Results: A significant relationship was shown between ART adherence and OI (p value= 0.000 with <0.05). The
respondents who reported adherence in ART also showed asymptomatic OI. The analysis also showed that ART
adherence had significant relationship with CD4 count (p value= 0.000 with <0.05) and viral load (p value= 0.000
with <0.05), respectively. Respondents adherent to taking ART had better level of CD4 and suppressed viral
load in the body.
Conclusions: Adherence of antiretroviral therapy is the important factor contributing to the immune status of
PLHIV, which has an impact on reducing CD4 count and suppressing viral load, thereby preventing the
emergence of OI.
Creator
Nursalam Nursalam1,
* , Tintin Sukartini1
, Misutarno Misutarno2
, and Diah Priyantini3
* , Tintin Sukartini1
, Misutarno Misutarno2
, and Diah Priyantini3
Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jn.v19i1.49958
Date
16 November 2023
Contributor
peri irawan
Format
pdf
Language
english
Type
text
Files
Collection
Citation
Nursalam Nursalam1,
* , Tintin Sukartini1
, Misutarno Misutarno2
, and Diah Priyantini3, “Adherence to antiretroviral therapy, CD4 count, viral load and opportunistic infections in people with HIV/AIDS: a cross-sectional study,” Repository Horizon University Indonesia, accessed February 22, 2026, https://repository.horizon.ac.id/items/show/11002.