Stroke-Associated Pneumonia: Risk Factors and Discharge Status
Dublin Core
Title
Stroke-Associated Pneumonia: Risk Factors and Discharge Status
Subject
Incidence; stroke; pneumonia; prognosis
Description
Background: Stroke-associated Pneumonia (SAP) is one of the complications that
occur in stroke patients and is associated with worse clinical outcomes. Risk factors
for SAP and its impact on discharge status remain unclear.
Purpose: This study aimed to determine the factors influencing the incidence of
stroke-related pneumonia in the hospital and the patient’s discharge status.
Methods: A case-control study was conducted at a private hospital in Surabaya
from January 2021 to 2022. Medical record data were reviewed to identify stroke
patients with suspected or confirmed pneumonia, after which risk factors (age,
gender, stroke type, length of stay, stroke frequency, dysphagia, diabetes mellitus,
hypertension, COVID-19, and discharge status) associated with the occurrence of
SAP were examined. We excluded diagnoses of diseases with clinical manifestations
such as tuberculosis-like pneumonia, lung tumor, pulmonary edema, pulmonary
embolism, pulmonary atelectasis, and incomplete or missing medical record data.
Data analysis used the Chi-square test to identify the risk factors for stroke-
associated pneumonia.
Results: One hundred sixty-three stroke patients treated in all inpatient rooms
were diagnosed with pneumonia; 52.8% of them had confirmed pneumonia, while
the rest were still suspected of pneumonia. Most pneumonia occurs in ischemic
stroke patients (93.9%), first-time stroke patients (87.1%), experienced dysphagia
(55.2%), length of stay less than 7 days (55.2%), hypertension (55.2%), diabetes
mellitus (57.1%), and discharged home (84%). We also found as much as 12.9%
inpatient mortality due to SAP. Dysphagia, DM, and COVID-19 were significantly
correlated with the incidence of stroke-associated pneumonia (p=0.000).
Conclusion: Stroke-associated pneumonia is a substantial medical complication
among stroke patients affected by dysphagia, DM, and COVID-19. Screening for
dysphagia is necessary for nurses to prevent SAP in stroke patients.
occur in stroke patients and is associated with worse clinical outcomes. Risk factors
for SAP and its impact on discharge status remain unclear.
Purpose: This study aimed to determine the factors influencing the incidence of
stroke-related pneumonia in the hospital and the patient’s discharge status.
Methods: A case-control study was conducted at a private hospital in Surabaya
from January 2021 to 2022. Medical record data were reviewed to identify stroke
patients with suspected or confirmed pneumonia, after which risk factors (age,
gender, stroke type, length of stay, stroke frequency, dysphagia, diabetes mellitus,
hypertension, COVID-19, and discharge status) associated with the occurrence of
SAP were examined. We excluded diagnoses of diseases with clinical manifestations
such as tuberculosis-like pneumonia, lung tumor, pulmonary edema, pulmonary
embolism, pulmonary atelectasis, and incomplete or missing medical record data.
Data analysis used the Chi-square test to identify the risk factors for stroke-
associated pneumonia.
Results: One hundred sixty-three stroke patients treated in all inpatient rooms
were diagnosed with pneumonia; 52.8% of them had confirmed pneumonia, while
the rest were still suspected of pneumonia. Most pneumonia occurs in ischemic
stroke patients (93.9%), first-time stroke patients (87.1%), experienced dysphagia
(55.2%), length of stay less than 7 days (55.2%), hypertension (55.2%), diabetes
mellitus (57.1%), and discharged home (84%). We also found as much as 12.9%
inpatient mortality due to SAP. Dysphagia, DM, and COVID-19 were significantly
correlated with the incidence of stroke-associated pneumonia (p=0.000).
Conclusion: Stroke-associated pneumonia is a substantial medical complication
among stroke patients affected by dysphagia, DM, and COVID-19. Screening for
dysphagia is necessary for nurses to prevent SAP in stroke patients.
Creator
Yurike Septianingrum1
, Ratna Yunita Sari1
, Erika Martining Wardani1
, Nur Ainiyah1
, Imamatul Faizah1
,
Ah. Yusuf2, Ika Yuni Widyawati2
, Ratna Yunita Sari1
, Erika Martining Wardani1
, Nur Ainiyah1
, Imamatul Faizah1
,
Ah. Yusuf2, Ika Yuni Widyawati2
Source
https://doi.org/10.14710/nmjn.v14i3.56841
Date
12 March 2025
Contributor
peri irawan
Format
pdf
Language
english
Type
text
Files
Collection
Citation
Yurike Septianingrum1
, Ratna Yunita Sari1
, Erika Martining Wardani1
, Nur Ainiyah1
, Imamatul Faizah1
,
Ah. Yusuf2, Ika Yuni Widyawati2, “Stroke-Associated Pneumonia: Risk Factors and Discharge Status,” Repository Horizon University Indonesia, accessed February 21, 2026, https://repository.horizon.ac.id/items/show/11280.