Acute toxic encephalopathy induced
by organic solvent exposure: a case report
of diagnostic challenges and occupational
health implications

Acute toxic encephalopathy induced
by organic solvent exposure: a case report
of diagnostic challenges and occupational
health implications

Acute toxic encephalopathy induced
by organic solvent exposure: a case report
of diagnostic challenges and occupational
health implications

Abstract
Background Toxic encephalopathy, which results from exposure to neurotoxic substances, poses a considerable
clinical challenge, especially for occupational groups like painters and construction workers.
Case presentation This case report describes a 35-year-old female painter who experienced acute toxic
encephalopathy, presenting with severe headache, nausea, and vomiting. Initially, her condition was misdiagnosed as
cervical spondylosis. However, recognizing her occupational exposure to organic solvents was essential for arriving at
the correct diagnosis. This case highlights the importance of thorough evaluations, particularly detailed occupational
histories, to avoid misdiagnosis and ensure timely management of such conditions. Neuroimaging results showed
bilateral symmetric white matter changes, which supported the diagnosis of organic solvent toxicity. This finding
aligns with existing literature that discusses how lipid solubility can disrupt neuronal function. The patient's positive
outcome following prompt treatment underscores the critical need for early recognition of toxic encephalopathy, as it
can significantly improve recovery chances.
Conclusion This case enhances our understanding of the complexities associated with diagnosing acute
encephalopathy caused by organic solvents and underscores the urgent need for healthcare providers to be more
aware of occupational hazards.
Keywords Acute toxic encephalopathy, Neurotoxic substance exposure, Organic solvent exposure

Mengfei Han1
, Yi Ren1
, Kongbo Lv1
, Li Wang2
and Zhizhou Yang1*

https://doi.org/10.1186/s12245-025-01092-y

2026

peri irawan

pdf

english

text