Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol.12 issue 4 2022
African Journal of Emergency Medicine
Prevalence and correlates of depression and substance use disorders in emergency department populations: A cross-sectional study at East Africa’s largest public hospital

Jurnal Internasional Afrika vol.12 issue 4 2022
African Journal of Emergency Medicine
Prevalence and correlates of depression and substance use disorders in emergency department populations: A cross-sectional study at East Africa’s largest public hospital

Mental health Depression Substance use disorder Alcohol Tobacco Emergency department

Introduction: There are persistent gaps in screening, identification, and access to care for common mental disor- ders in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. An initial step towards reducing this gap is identifying the prevalence, co-morbidities, and context of these disorders in different clinical settings and exploring opportunities for inter- vention. This study evaluates the prevalence and correlates of depression and substance use disorders among adults presenting to the Emergency Department (ED) of a major national hospital in East Africa. Methods: This study utilized the World Health Organization’s STEPwise Approach to Surveillance (WHO- STEPS) tool and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) to conduct a cross-sectional survey capturing socio- demographic data, tobacco, and alcohol use and rates of depression in a sample of adults presenting to the ED. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were conducted for each outcome of interest and socio-demographics. Results: Of 734 respondents, 298 (40.6%) had a PHQ-9 score in the “moderate ”to “severe ”range indicative of major depressive disorder. About 17% of respondents endorsed current tobacco use while about 30% reported being daily alcohol users. Those with high PHQ-9 score had higher odds of reporting current tobacco use ( “severe range ”= adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.85, 95% CI 1.05, 3.26). Those with a “severe ”PHQ-9 scores were 9 times (aOR 2.3-35.3) more likely to be daily drinkers. Conclusions: Screening and identification of people with depression and substance use disorders in the ED of a large national hospital in Kenya is feasible. This offers an opportunity for brief intervention and referral to further treatment.

Theddeus Iheanacho , Kaitlin R. Maciejewski , Frances Ogudebe, Faith Chumo , Tracie Slade , Rebecca Leff , Christine Ngaruiya

www.elsevier.com/locate/afjem

elsavier

21 June 2022

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