Safety and Health at Work Vol. 12 Issue 2 2021
Risk Assessment for Toluene Diisocyanate and Respiratory Disease Human Studies (Original article)

Dublin Core

Title

Safety and Health at Work Vol. 12 Issue 2 2021
Risk Assessment for Toluene Diisocyanate and Respiratory Disease Human Studies (Original article)

Subject

Asthma, Lung cancer, Pulmonary function, Survivor bias, Toluene diisocyanate

Description

Background: Toluene diisocyanate (TDI) is a highly reactive chemical that causes sensitization and has
also been associated with increased lung cancer. A risk assessment was conducted based on occupational epidemiologic estimates for several health outcomes.
Methods: Exposure and outcome details were extracted from published studies and a NIOSH Health Hazard Evaluation for new onset asthma, pulmonary function measurements, symptom prevalence, and mortality from lung cancer and respiratory disease. Summary exposureeresponse estimates were calculated taking into account relative precision and possible survivor selection effects. Attributable incidence of sensitization was estimated as were annual proportional losses of pulmonary function. Excess lifetime risks and benchmark doses were calculated.
Results: Respiratory outcomes exhibited strong survivor bias. Asthma/sensitization exposure response decreased with increasing facility-average TDI air concentration as did TDI-associated pulmonary impairment. In a mortality cohort where mean employment duration was less than 1 year, survivor bias pre-empted estimation of lung cancer and respiratory disease exposure response.
Conclusion: Controlling for survivor bias and assuming a linear doseeresponse with facility-average TDI concentrations, excess lifetime risks exceeding one per thousand occurred at about 2 ppt TDI for sensitization and respiratory impairment. Under alternate assumptions regarding stationary and cumulative effects, one per thousand excess risks were estimated at TDI concentrations of 10 e 30 ppt. The unexplained reported excess mortality from lung cancer and other lung diseases, if attributable to TDI or associated emissions, could represent a lifetime risk comparable to that of sensitization.

Creator

Robert M. PARK

Publisher

Elsevier Korea LLC

Date

June 2021

Contributor

Sri Wahyuni

Format

PDF

Language

English

Type

Text

Coverage

Safety and Health at Work Vol. 12 Issue 2 2021

Files

Tags

,Repository, Repository Horizon University Indonesia, Repository Universitas Horizon Indonesia, Horizon.ac.id, Horizon University Indonesia, Universitas Horizon Indonesia, HorizonU, Repo Horizon , ,Repository, Repository Horizon University Indonesia, Repository Universitas Horizon Indonesia, Horizon.ac.id, Horizon University Indonesia, Universitas Horizon Indonesia, HorizonU, Repo Horizon , ,Repository, Repository Horizon University Indonesia, Repository Universitas Horizon Indonesia, Horizon.ac.id, Horizon University Indonesia, Universitas Horizon Indonesia, HorizonU, Repo Horizon , ,Repository, Repository Horizon University Indonesia, Repository Universitas Horizon Indonesia, Horizon.ac.id, Horizon University Indonesia, Universitas Horizon Indonesia, HorizonU, Repo Horizon , ,Repository, Repository Horizon University Indonesia, Repository Universitas Horizon Indonesia, Horizon.ac.id, Horizon University Indonesia, Universitas Horizon Indonesia, HorizonU, Repo Horizon ,

Citation

Robert M. PARK, “Safety and Health at Work Vol. 12 Issue 2 2021
Risk Assessment for Toluene Diisocyanate and Respiratory Disease Human Studies (Original article),” Repository Horizon University Indonesia, accessed April 4, 2025, https://repository.horizon.ac.id/items/show/2160.