Safety and Health at Work Vol. 12 Issue 4 2021
The Impact of Adverse Employment and Working Conditions on the Risk of Workplace Injury in Canada (Original article)
Dublin Core
Title
Safety and Health at Work Vol. 12 Issue 4 2021
The Impact of Adverse Employment and Working Conditions on the Risk of Workplace Injury in Canada (Original article)
The Impact of Adverse Employment and Working Conditions on the Risk of Workplace Injury in Canada (Original article)
Subject
Employment standards, Occupational health, Occupational safety, Vulnerability, Work injury
Description
Background: Employment standards (ES) include having a regular payday, regular breaks, the right to paid sick or vacation time, and paid wages. Inadequate ES contribute to the labour market vulnerability of workers; however, they are not typically considered to be risk factors for workplace injury. In a sample of Canadian workers, we examine the risk of injury associated with inadequate ES, independent of, and combined with inadequate workplace protections from workplace hazards.
Methods: Data from 2,803 adults working 15 hours or more/week in workplaces with at least five employees were analysed. We explored associations between exposure to workplace hazards with inade-
quate protections [termed occupational health and safety (OHS) vulnerability] and inadequate ES on workplace injury (physical or mental injury; injury requiring time off). Additive interaction models were used to examine the independent and combined effects of these exposures.
Results: Occupational health and safety vulnerability and inadequate ES were independently associated with increased injury outcomes. Adjusted models showed an additive relationship for all injury outcomes between OHS vulnerability and inadequate ES. Statistically significant superadditive relationships were observed for physical injury risk with policy and procedure vulnerability plus inadequate ES [synergy index (S) 1.50, 95% CI: 1.13-2.00] and for overall OHS vulnerability plus inadequate ES (S 1.53, 95% CI: 1.16-2.02), suggesting a combined effect greater than independent effects.
Conclusion: Occupational health and safety vulnerability and inadequate ES are independently associated with workplace injury. For certain injury outcomes, the combined effect of OHS vulnerability and inadequate ES is greater than the independent effects of each individual exposure.
Methods: Data from 2,803 adults working 15 hours or more/week in workplaces with at least five employees were analysed. We explored associations between exposure to workplace hazards with inade-
quate protections [termed occupational health and safety (OHS) vulnerability] and inadequate ES on workplace injury (physical or mental injury; injury requiring time off). Additive interaction models were used to examine the independent and combined effects of these exposures.
Results: Occupational health and safety vulnerability and inadequate ES were independently associated with increased injury outcomes. Adjusted models showed an additive relationship for all injury outcomes between OHS vulnerability and inadequate ES. Statistically significant superadditive relationships were observed for physical injury risk with policy and procedure vulnerability plus inadequate ES [synergy index (S) 1.50, 95% CI: 1.13-2.00] and for overall OHS vulnerability plus inadequate ES (S 1.53, 95% CI: 1.16-2.02), suggesting a combined effect greater than independent effects.
Conclusion: Occupational health and safety vulnerability and inadequate ES are independently associated with workplace injury. For certain injury outcomes, the combined effect of OHS vulnerability and inadequate ES is greater than the independent effects of each individual exposure.
Creator
Victoria Nadalin, Cameron Mustard, Peter M. Smith
Publisher
Elsevier Korea LLC
Date
December 2021
Contributor
Sri Wahyuni
Format
PDF
Language
English
Type
Text
Coverage
Safety and Health at Work Vol. 12 Issue 4 2021
Files
Citation
Victoria Nadalin, Cameron Mustard, Peter M. Smith, “Safety and Health at Work Vol. 12 Issue 4 2021
The Impact of Adverse Employment and Working Conditions on the Risk of Workplace Injury in Canada (Original article),” Repository Horizon University Indonesia, accessed April 3, 2025, https://repository.horizon.ac.id/items/show/2233.
The Impact of Adverse Employment and Working Conditions on the Risk of Workplace Injury in Canada (Original article),” Repository Horizon University Indonesia, accessed April 3, 2025, https://repository.horizon.ac.id/items/show/2233.