Safety and Health at Work Vol. 13 Issue 2 2022
Hazard Levels of Cooking Fumes in Republic of Korea Schools (Original article)
Dublin Core
Title
Safety and Health at Work Vol. 13 Issue 2 2022
Hazard Levels of Cooking Fumes in Republic of Korea Schools (Original article)
Hazard Levels of Cooking Fumes in Republic of Korea Schools (Original article)
Subject
CO, CO2, PM2.5, School cooking fumes,Short-term high exposure
Description
Background and Purpose: In 2021, lung cancer in school food workers was first recognized as an occupational cancer. The classification of the carcinogenicity of cooking fumes by International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) was based on Chinese epidemiological data. This study aimed to determine the hazard levels of school cooking fumes in Korea.
Materials and Methods: Based on public school cafeterias in one area, 25 locations were selected for the survey according to the number per school type, ventilation states, and environmental pre-assessments
of cafeterias. Two inside cooking areas using a heat source and one outside cooking area were selected as control measurement points. Measurements of CO, CO2, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs), including benzene, formaldehyde, and particulate matter (PM10, PM2.5, PM1, respectively), were taken. The concentrations and patterns of each substance in the kitchens were compared with the outdoor air quality.
Result: Known carcinogens, such as the concentrations of PAHs, formaldehyde, TVOC (benzene), and particulate matter in school cooking fumes, were all detected at similar or slightly higher levels than
those found outside. Additionally, substances were detected at relatively low concentrations compared to the Chinese cooking fumes reported in the literature. However, the short-term exposure to high concentrations of CO (or composite exposure with CO2) and PM2.5 in this study were shown.
Conclusion: The school cooking fumes in South Korea was a relatively less harmful than Chinese cooking
fumes, however short-term, high exposure of toxic substances can cause a critical health effect.
Materials and Methods: Based on public school cafeterias in one area, 25 locations were selected for the survey according to the number per school type, ventilation states, and environmental pre-assessments
of cafeterias. Two inside cooking areas using a heat source and one outside cooking area were selected as control measurement points. Measurements of CO, CO2, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs), including benzene, formaldehyde, and particulate matter (PM10, PM2.5, PM1, respectively), were taken. The concentrations and patterns of each substance in the kitchens were compared with the outdoor air quality.
Result: Known carcinogens, such as the concentrations of PAHs, formaldehyde, TVOC (benzene), and particulate matter in school cooking fumes, were all detected at similar or slightly higher levels than
those found outside. Additionally, substances were detected at relatively low concentrations compared to the Chinese cooking fumes reported in the literature. However, the short-term exposure to high concentrations of CO (or composite exposure with CO2) and PM2.5 in this study were shown.
Conclusion: The school cooking fumes in South Korea was a relatively less harmful than Chinese cooking
fumes, however short-term, high exposure of toxic substances can cause a critical health effect.
Creator
Iu-Jin Lee, Sang-Gil Lee, Bo-Hwa Choi , Hoe-Kyeong Seo, Ji-Hyung Choi
Publisher
Elsevier Korea LLC
Date
June 2022
Contributor
Sri Wahyuni
Format
PDF
Language
English
Type
Text
Coverage
Safety and Health at Work Vol. 13 Issue 2 2022
Files
Citation
Iu-Jin Lee, Sang-Gil Lee, Bo-Hwa Choi , Hoe-Kyeong Seo, Ji-Hyung Choi, “Safety and Health at Work Vol. 13 Issue 2 2022
Hazard Levels of Cooking Fumes in Republic of Korea Schools (Original article),” Repository Horizon University Indonesia, accessed February 5, 2025, https://repository.horizon.ac.id/items/show/2267.
Hazard Levels of Cooking Fumes in Republic of Korea Schools (Original article),” Repository Horizon University Indonesia, accessed February 5, 2025, https://repository.horizon.ac.id/items/show/2267.