JURNAL INTERNASIONAL KEBIDANAN 2020-2023 UNIVERSITAS KEDOKTERAN GUILAN VOLUME 31 ISSUE 1.
JOURNAL OF HOLISTIC NURSING OF MIDWIFERY
A Comparative Study on Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Pregnant Women With Different Age

JURNAL INTERNASIONAL KEBIDANAN 2020-2023 UNIVERSITAS KEDOKTERAN GUILAN VOLUME 31 ISSUE 1.
JOURNAL OF HOLISTIC NURSING OF MIDWIFERY
A Comparative Study on Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Pregnant Women With Different Age

Pregnancy outcome, Maternal age, Reproduction, Adolescent

Introduction: Delayed childbearing is increasing. Increased maternal age has been associated
with increased risk of pregnancy complications. On the other hand, the adolescent pregnancy
has traditionally been considered high-risk, especially in developing countries.
Objective: This study aimed to compare the adverse pregnancy outcomes in different age
groups of pregnant women.
Materials and Methods: The analytical study with cross-sectional design was conducted
on 345 pregnant women referred to one of the maternity hospitals in Rasht, Iran in 2018
who were selected by sequential sampling method. They were followed from gestational
age >37 weeks until delivery in 3 groups: <19 years, 19-35 years and >35 years. The data
collection tool was a two-part researcher-made questionnaire which surveys demographic,
fertility, and socioeconomic information and adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes.
The collected data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics (Chi-square
test, Fisher’s exact test, Kruskal-Wallis test, ANOVA, Bonfrroni test, Spearman correlation
test, and multiple linear regression analysis).
Results: The highest prevalence of maternal diabetes mellitus (29.7%) and cesarean section
(72.46%) were reported in the age group >35 years. The highest frequency of premature
rupture of membranes (18.8%) and abnormal fetal presentation (13.8%) were reported in
age groups <19 years and 19-35 years, respectively. Among maternal outcomes, maternal
diabetes, abnormal fetal presentation, premature rupture of membranes and delivery by
cesarean section were significantly different between three groups (P<0.05). There was a
significant difference between maternal age and neonatal outcomes in ages groups <19 years
and 19-35 years (P<0.05). Multiple linear regression model showed that the maternal age
<19 years was a predictor of adverse neonatal outcomes. The group <19 years reported more
adverse outcomes than the age group 19-35 years (β=0.282, 95% CL: 0.002-0.561, P=0.049).
Conclusion: All age groups of pregnant women faced some pregnancy outcomes. Due to Iran’s
new plan to encourage childbearing, prenatal screening, and receiving more prenatal care,
we recommend pregnant women to participate in childbirth preparation training courses.

Soudabe Ebrahimi , Maryam Niknami , Fatemeh Rafat , Ehsan Kazemnezhad Leili

January 2021, Volume 31, Number 1

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