The effect of 12-weeks foot exercise on blood glucose levels, ankle brachial index, and sensation of protection in diabetes mellitus patients: A quasi- experiment study

Dublin Core

Title

The effect of 12-weeks foot exercise on blood glucose levels, ankle brachial index, and sensation of protection in diabetes mellitus patients: A quasi- experiment study

Subject

diabetes mellitus; foot exercise; blood glucose; abi value;
sensation of protection

Description

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a global health issue causing nerve
damage, blood vessel damage, and leg impairment. Foot exercises can
improve risk factors for diabetic foot ulcers, neuropathy symptoms, pressure
distribution, joint mobility, and strength in individuals with diabetes.
Purpose: This study aimed to determine the effect of 12-weeks foot exercise
on blood glucose levels, ABI values, and sensation of protection in diabetes
mellitus patients West Java, Indonesia.
Methods: The sample in this study was individuals aged 18 or above with a
confirmed diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. A 154 patients willingly volunteered
to participate and were subsequently enrolled in the study (77 in intervention
group and 77 in control group). The study encompassed participants who
engaged in a twelve-week regimen of foot exercises utilizing teaching
modules and video materials.The study employed several tools, namely
a glucometer, a glucometer stick, Ankle Brachial Index value, and a
questionnaire. A bivariate analysis using the paired t-test and ANCOVA was
conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics version 22.0.
Results: In intervention group, random blood glucose was decreased
significantly from 237.5 ± 9.56 at baseline to 188.0 ±6 9.19 after intervention
(p=0.002). Sensation of protection as measure by the number of areas with
loss sensation was improve from 5.21 ± 1.03 at baseline to 3.42 ± 1.21 after
intervention (p=0.001). While, no significant improvement in ankle-brachial
index after intervention (p=0.413). The ANCOVA test showed that between
group, sensation of protection was significantly different in intervention group
compare to control group (ß =0.413, p-value=0.038).
Conclusion: The study found that a 12-week foot exercise program

significantly improves blood glucose and sensation protection, but not ankle-
brachial index. Further research is needed with a more rigorous study design

and larger sample size.

Creator

Rosliana Dewi* , Johan Budhiana , Marina Pra Agustina, Fera Melinda,
Astri Zeini Wahida

Source

http://jkp.fkep.unpad.ac.id/index.
php/jkp

Date

December 25, 2024

Contributor

PERI IRAWAN

Format

PDF

Language

ENGLISH

Type

TEXT

Files

Citation

Rosliana Dewi* , Johan Budhiana , Marina Pra Agustina, Fera Melinda, Astri Zeini Wahida, “The effect of 12-weeks foot exercise on blood glucose levels, ankle brachial index, and sensation of protection in diabetes mellitus patients: A quasi- experiment study,” Repository Horizon University Indonesia, accessed February 11, 2026, https://repository.horizon.ac.id/items/show/10735.