The application of nursing diagnoses in Intensive Care Units: A scoping
review of clinical indicators and patient outcomes

Dublin Core

Title

The application of nursing diagnoses in Intensive Care Units: A scoping
review of clinical indicators and patient outcomes

Subject

clinical indicators; intensive care units; nursing diagnoses;
patient outcome; standardization

Description

Background: Nursing diagnoses are essential in Intensive Care Units
(ICUs) for guiding decisions, prioritizing care, and improving outcomes.
However, inconsistent terminology and documentation burdens hinder their
effective implementation and evaluation.
Purpose: The aimed of this study was to examine the application of nursing
diagnoses in ICUs, exploring their relationships with clinical indicators,
patient outcomes, and the impact of standardized diagnostic frameworks on
nursing practice.
Methods: This scoping review followed PRISMA-ScR guidelines We
searched PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, and Web of Science from 2019 to
2024. Studies examining nursing diagnoses in ICU settings were included.
The reviewers independently screened 527 records, with nineteen full-text
articles assessed for eligibility, resulting in thirteen included studies.
Results:. Thirteen studies with diverse methodologies from multiple
countries were analyzed. Four key themes emerged: 1) Clinical indicators
linked to specific nursing diagnoses, particularly respiratory conditions
where impaired spontaneous ventilation was associated with dyspnea, fever,
fatigue, and cough; 2) Implementation processes for nursing diagnoses,
including electronic health records and nurse-delivered thoracic ultrasound
that enhanced clinical decision-making; 3) Diagnostic validation and
prevalence studies highlighting the importance of standardized frameworks
for accurate diagnosis; and 4) Interventions that improved nursing practice
and patient outcomes, including the institutionalization of nursing processes
and development of electronic care plans.
Conclusions: Standardized nursing diagnoses optimize ICU patient care
by providing a structured approach to assessment, intervention planning,
and outcome evaluation. Technology integration and consistent terminology
enhance diagnostic accuracy and intervention effectiveness. Future research
should focus on validating these frameworks across diverse ICU settings
and patient populations to establish best practices for implementation.

Creator

Erna Dwi Wahyuni1* , Nursalam Nursalam2 , Yulis Setiya Dewi2
, Novalia Puspitasary1 , Sirikanok Klankhajhon3 , Jia-You Ye4,5 ,
Hidayat Arifin1, 4, 6,

Source

http://jkp.fkep.unpad.ac.id/index.
php/jkp

Date

December 25, 2025

Contributor

peri irawan

Format

pdf

Language

english

Type

text

Files

Citation

Erna Dwi Wahyuni1* , Nursalam Nursalam2 , Yulis Setiya Dewi2 , Novalia Puspitasary1 , Sirikanok Klankhajhon3 , Jia-You Ye4,5 , Hidayat Arifin1, 4, 6,, “The application of nursing diagnoses in Intensive Care Units: A scoping
review of clinical indicators and patient outcomes,” Repository Horizon University Indonesia, accessed February 12, 2026, https://repository.horizon.ac.id/items/show/10833.