Association between Work-related Communication Devices Use
during Work Outside of Regular Working Hours and Depressive
Symptoms in Wage Workers

Association between Work-related Communication Devices Use
during Work Outside of Regular Working Hours and Depressive
Symptoms in Wage Workers

communication devices
depressive symptoms
wage worker
working hours

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between work-related communication
devices use during work outside of regular working hours and depressive symptoms in wage workers.
Methods: Data from 50,538 workers aged 15 years or older who had participated in the 6th Korean
Working Condition Survey (KWCS) were used. The final sample was 32,994 wage workers. The questionnaire asked the respondents how often they used communication devices for work during work
outside of regular working hours. Depressive symptoms were assessed using WHO-5 Well-Being Index.
Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the association between work-related
communication devices use during work outside of regular working hours and depressive symptoms.
Results: The rate of depressive symptoms was highest among workers who did not use work-related
communication devices during work outside of regular working hours. After adjusting for sociodemographic and work-related factors, the odds ratio of depressive symptoms among workers who
used communication devices when working outside of regular working hours was 1.20 (95% CI: 1.09
e1.32); the odds ratio of depressive symptoms in the group not using communication devices for freetime work was 1.66 (95% CI: 1.37e2.00), which was higher than that of the reference group, that is,
workers who did not work outside of regular working hours, and was statistically significant.
Conclusion: Regardless of whether work-related communication devices are used, working outside of
regular working hours increases depressive symptoms. The use of work-related communication devices
during work outside of regular working hours can reduce the rate of depressive symptoms

Min-Sun Kim 1
, Shin-Goo Park 1,*, Hwan-Cheol Kim 1
, Sang-Hee Hwang 2

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1Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
2Department of Dentistry, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Dalseo-Gu, Daegu, Republic of Korea

23 November 2023

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