Work Ability Index: Psychometric Testing in Aeronautical Industry
Workers

Work Ability Index: Psychometric Testing in Aeronautical Industry
Workers

Industry
Psychometrics
Reliability and validity
Spain
Work ability

The Work Ability Index (WAI) is an instrument that measures work ability. The wide
dispersion of the WAI internationally has led to its adaptation for use in different countries. This study
aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the WAI.
Methods: A methodological design was used over an opportunistic sample of 233 workers in the aeronautical industry in Spain. Reliability was evaluated through internal consistency. Factorial validity,
known groups, and convergent validity were tested.
Results: The Cronbach’s alpha and item-total correlation indicated an adequate internal consistency. The
confirmatory factor analysis, performed to evaluate the factorial validity, found adequate fit indices for a
two-factor solution with a high correlation between the factors. Factor 1, “Subjectively estimated work
ability and resources”, was composed of 3 subscales and factor 2, “Ill-health-related”, of 2 subscales.
Subscales 4 and 6 had loading in both factors. Workers under 45 years of age obtained higher significant
scores than older ones. Convergent validity was also evidenced since WAI was highly correlated with
self-assessment of health status.
Conclusions: The Spanish version of the WAI has shown evidence of reliability and validity in this study,
supporting its use in individual and collective health surveillance by occupational health professionals.
The factorial solution that was found has previously been reported in another international context.
However, further research is needed to resolve the discrepancies detected in the role of some subscales
between other national and international studies.

María Eugenia González-Domínguez 1,2
, Elena Fernández-García 3,4,*,
Olga Paloma-Castro 5,6
, Regina María González-López 7
, María Paz Rivas Pérez 1
,
Luis López-Molina 8,9
, Jesús García-Jiménez 10, José Manuel Romero-Sánchez 5,6

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1 Health and Safety Department, Medical Services, Centro Bahía de Cádiz, Airbus, El Puerto de Santa María, Cádiz, Spain
2 Research Group under the Andalusian Research, Development and Innovation Scheme CTS-391 “Grupo Multidisciplinario para el Progreso de Salud
Mental”, Universidad de Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain 3Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy, and Podiatry, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
4 Research Group under the Andalusian Research, Development, and Innovation Scheme CTS-1050 “Complex Care, Chronic and Health Outcomes”,
Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
5Nursing and Physiotherapy Department, Faculty of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Universidad de Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
6 Research Group under the Andalusian Research, Development, and Innovation Scheme CTS-1019 MELES “Nursing Methods and Standardized Languages”,
Universidad de Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
7 Centro de Salud Monòver, Conselleria de Sanitat Universal i Salut Pública, Generalitat Valenciana, Elda, Spain
8 Business Organization Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universidad de Cádiz, Spain
9 Research Group under the Andalusian Research, Development and Innovation Scheme SEJ-597 HiLPlug “Lean Management of Production and
Hyperconnected Universal Integrated Logistics”, Universidad de Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain 10 Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, Servicio Andaluz de Salud, Cádiz, Spain

8 December 2023

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