The Relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM)
Dublin Core
Title
The Relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM)
Subject
antenatal care, body mass index, gestational diabetes
mellitus, obesity, pregnancy
mellitus, obesity, pregnancy
Description
Introduction: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a growing metabolic
complication in pregnancy, affecting 1 in 6 births globally. In Indonesia,
obesity prevalence among women of reproductive age reached 26.7% in
2022, with local studies in East Java reporting GDM rates as high as 27.4%.
Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 42 pregnant women at
Puskesmas Jelakombo, Jombang, in December 2024. Participants were
selected using purposive sampling based on gestational age ≥24 weeks
and complete OGTT results. The study used weight and height
measurements to calculate Body Mass Index (BMI) and Oral Glucose
Tolerance Test (OGTT) results to diagnose Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
(GDM). These tools helped determine if there is a link between BMI and
GDM risk in pregnant women. BMI was categorized using WHO standards,
and GDM was diagnosed using the 2013 WHO OGTT criteria. Data were
analyzed using the chi-square test.
Results: Of the participants, 57.1% were diagnosed with GDM. Among
them, 45.2% were overweight and 11.9% were obese. Statistical analysis
showed a significant association between BMI and GDM risk: p = 0.00052;
OR = 8.6; 95% CI: 2.4–30.8.
Conclusion: Higher BMI is strongly linked to increased GDM risk. This
highlights the importance of routine BMI screening and nutritional
counseling during antenatal care, especially in primary healthcare settings
with limited access to specialized services.
complication in pregnancy, affecting 1 in 6 births globally. In Indonesia,
obesity prevalence among women of reproductive age reached 26.7% in
2022, with local studies in East Java reporting GDM rates as high as 27.4%.
Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 42 pregnant women at
Puskesmas Jelakombo, Jombang, in December 2024. Participants were
selected using purposive sampling based on gestational age ≥24 weeks
and complete OGTT results. The study used weight and height
measurements to calculate Body Mass Index (BMI) and Oral Glucose
Tolerance Test (OGTT) results to diagnose Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
(GDM). These tools helped determine if there is a link between BMI and
GDM risk in pregnant women. BMI was categorized using WHO standards,
and GDM was diagnosed using the 2013 WHO OGTT criteria. Data were
analyzed using the chi-square test.
Results: Of the participants, 57.1% were diagnosed with GDM. Among
them, 45.2% were overweight and 11.9% were obese. Statistical analysis
showed a significant association between BMI and GDM risk: p = 0.00052;
OR = 8.6; 95% CI: 2.4–30.8.
Conclusion: Higher BMI is strongly linked to increased GDM risk. This
highlights the importance of routine BMI screening and nutritional
counseling during antenatal care, especially in primary healthcare settings
with limited access to specialized services.
Creator
Muarrofah1*, Anita Rahmawati1, & Nur Asiyah Afifah1
Source
https://doi.org/10.37363/bnr.2025.63502
Date
23 July 2025
Contributor
peri irawan
Format
pdf
Language
english
Type
text
Files
Collection
Citation
Muarrofah1*, Anita Rahmawati1, & Nur Asiyah Afifah1, “The Relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM),” Repository Horizon University Indonesia, accessed April 11, 2026, https://repository.horizon.ac.id/items/show/11924.