Evaluating Usability of EMR-Integrated Triage Technologies in the Emergency Department: A Literature Review
Dublin Core
Title
Evaluating Usability of EMR-Integrated Triage Technologies in the Emergency Department: A Literature Review
Subject
Medical Record (EMR),
Emergency Department,
Triage, Usability,
Workflow Fit
Emergency Department,
Triage, Usability,
Workflow Fit
Description
Introduction: The Emergency Department (ER) is a vital hospital unit that
handles critically ill patients. The triage process determines treatment
priorities, so speed and accuracy significantly impact patient safety. The
implementation of Electronic Medical Records (EMR) is expected to
improve triage quality. However, usability aspects such as ease of use,
efficiency, error prevention, user satisfaction, and workflow compatibility
still require a comprehensive review. This review aimed to explore
current evidence on the usability of EMR-based triage systems in
Emergency Departments and the factors influencing successful
implementation.
Methods: This literature review followed the PRISMA 2020 guidelines.
Articles were searched through PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google
Scholar using the terms “usability,” “triage,” “electronic medical record,”
and “emergency room.” Included articles were original studies published
in English between 2020 and 2025 that addressed the validity, reliability,
or usability aspects of an EMR-based triage system in the ED. Review
articles, conference abstracts, and irrelevant studies were excluded. From
the selection process, 15 articles were selected for analysis.
Results: EMR-based triage instruments, such as EMOnco (Brazil) and CETS
(China), are valid and reliable. Digital systems such as eResus, MUST-Plus,
and CDSS improve documentation, accuracy, and patient safety. Mobile
applications have yielded mixed results: MEDIC faces learnability
challenges. At the same time, CoSMoS is easy to use despite limited EMR
integration. User satisfaction increases when systems support team
communication and transparency, but barriers such as low computer
literacy, alert fatigue, resistance, and documentation burden persist.
Conclusion: EMR-based triage technology in the ER has the potential to
improve efficiency, accuracy, and patient safety, but its effectiveness
depends heavily on usability. Successful implementation requires a user-
centered design approach, ongoing training, and periodic usability
evaluation.
handles critically ill patients. The triage process determines treatment
priorities, so speed and accuracy significantly impact patient safety. The
implementation of Electronic Medical Records (EMR) is expected to
improve triage quality. However, usability aspects such as ease of use,
efficiency, error prevention, user satisfaction, and workflow compatibility
still require a comprehensive review. This review aimed to explore
current evidence on the usability of EMR-based triage systems in
Emergency Departments and the factors influencing successful
implementation.
Methods: This literature review followed the PRISMA 2020 guidelines.
Articles were searched through PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google
Scholar using the terms “usability,” “triage,” “electronic medical record,”
and “emergency room.” Included articles were original studies published
in English between 2020 and 2025 that addressed the validity, reliability,
or usability aspects of an EMR-based triage system in the ED. Review
articles, conference abstracts, and irrelevant studies were excluded. From
the selection process, 15 articles were selected for analysis.
Results: EMR-based triage instruments, such as EMOnco (Brazil) and CETS
(China), are valid and reliable. Digital systems such as eResus, MUST-Plus,
and CDSS improve documentation, accuracy, and patient safety. Mobile
applications have yielded mixed results: MEDIC faces learnability
challenges. At the same time, CoSMoS is easy to use despite limited EMR
integration. User satisfaction increases when systems support team
communication and transparency, but barriers such as low computer
literacy, alert fatigue, resistance, and documentation burden persist.
Conclusion: EMR-based triage technology in the ER has the potential to
improve efficiency, accuracy, and patient safety, but its effectiveness
depends heavily on usability. Successful implementation requires a user-
centered design approach, ongoing training, and periodic usability
evaluation.
Creator
I Gede Rendy Arizona Vallentino1, Ni Luh Putu Inca Buntari Agustini1*
, Ida Ayu Putri
Wulandari1, & Yustina Ni Putu Yusniawati1
, Ida Ayu Putri
Wulandari1, & Yustina Ni Putu Yusniawati1
Source
https://doi.org/10.37363/bnr.2026.71530
Date
15 January 2026
Contributor
peri irawan
Format
pdf
Language
english
Type
text
Files
Collection
Citation
I Gede Rendy Arizona Vallentino1, Ni Luh Putu Inca Buntari Agustini1*
, Ida Ayu Putri
Wulandari1, & Yustina Ni Putu Yusniawati1, “Evaluating Usability of EMR-Integrated Triage Technologies in the Emergency Department: A Literature Review,” Repository Horizon University Indonesia, accessed April 11, 2026, https://repository.horizon.ac.id/items/show/12004.