Experiences of Workplace Bullying Among Workers With Workrelated Musculoskeletal Disorders: A Qualitative Assessment Using
the Negative Acts Questionnaire

Experiences of Workplace Bullying Among Workers With Workrelated Musculoskeletal Disorders: A Qualitative Assessment Using
the Negative Acts Questionnaire

bullying
musculoskeletal disorders
Negative Acts Questionnaire
qualitative study
Taiwan

Previous studies suggest that workers with disabilities are susceptible to workplace
bullying. Additionally, research indicates that filing compensation claims can strain employer
—employee relationships. This study investigates experiences of workplace bullying among workers
diagnosed with work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs).
Methods: Qualitative interview data from 11 male and 10 female workers with physician-diagnosed
WRMSDs were analyzed using the constructs of the Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised, which encompasses three domains: work-related bullying (7 items), personal bullying (12 items), and physically
intimidating bullying (3 items). Their self-rated health and psychological status were also evaluated.
Results: Among the 21 workers, 10 experienced at least one form of workplace bullying. The most
commonly reported form was “pressure not to claim something to which you are entitled” (9 workers),
followed by “hints or signals from others that you should quit your job” (5 workers), “having your
opinions ignored” (3 workers), and “being given unmanageable workloads” (3 workers). Workers who
experienced workplace bullying were more likely to report poor health and psychological distress.
Conclusion: Occupational health professionals should pay close attention to the nature, forms, and
impacts of negative behaviors experienced by workers with WRMSDs. Appropriate interventions should
be implemented to address conflicts between workers and management arising from work-related
disabilities and to better support workers in their rehabilitation process.

Ching-Yu Lin 1,2
, Pei-Hua Chung 1,3
, Po-Han Lee 1,4
, Yawen Cheng 1,5,*

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1 Institute of Health Policy and Management, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taiwan 2Department of Rehabilitation, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine and Management, Taiwan 3 Center for Drug Evaluation, Taiwan 4Global Health Program, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taiwan 5Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taiwan

13 September 2025

Fajar Bagus Wijanarko

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