Provision of bystander CPR for out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest in the Middle East: a retrospective gender‐based analysis
Dublin Core
Title
Provision of bystander CPR for out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest in the Middle East: a retrospective gender‐based analysis
Subject
Cardiac arrest, Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, Gender differences, Middle East
Description
Background Previous studies conducted in North America, Europe, and East Asia (Liu et al., EClinicalMedicine
44:101293, 2022; Matsui et al., JAMA Netw Open 2:e195111, 2019; Awad et al., J Am Coll Emerg Physicians Open
4:e12957, 2023; Yoon et al., Prehosp Emerg Care :1–7, 2022) reported gender disparities in the provision of bystander
CPR for patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). However, it remains unknown whether similar dispari-
ties exist in the Middle Eastern and Gulf regions. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate gender differences
in the provision of bystander CPR for patients with OHCA in Qatar.
Methods Retrospective analysis of data obtained from Hamad Medical Corporation OHCA registry in the State
of Qatar (2016–2022). We included adults with non-traumatic and EMS-attended OHCA. We used multilevel logistic
regression to examine the association between gender and provision of bystander CPR.
Results In total, 4283 patients were included. Of those, 3414 (79.7%) were males, 1639 (38.3%) arrested in public
locations, and 1463 (34.2%) received bystander CPR. Unadjusted comparisons showed that females were significantly
older than males (mean age: 62.2 vs. 52.7). Females had a lower proportion of OHCA occurring in public locations
(15.1% vs. 44.2%) and a lower proportion of shockable rhythm (11.9 vs. 27.5%). Regarding the outcome variable
(provision of bystander CPR), the unadjusted analysis showed that the proportion of females who received bystander
CPR was lower than that of males (29.2% vs. 35.4%, p<0.001). However, after adjustment, we found no significant
difference in provision of bystander CPR by gender (adjusted OR female vs. male 0.99, 95% CI 0.84–1.20, p=0.97). In
the subgroup who arrested in public locations, the analysis revealed females had greater odds of receiving bystander
CPR (adjusted OR female vs. male 1.47, 95% CI 1.10–1.82, p=0.04).
Conclusions Overall, bystander CPR was less common in female gender; after adjustment for other covariates,
including arrest location, we found no significant gender differences in provision of bystander CPR. We also observed
that females were found to have a lower incidence of cardiac arrest in public locations. Nevertheless, if females were
to experience cardiac arrest in a public location, they would be more likely to receive CPR. Further research is required
to explain the observed differences in provision of bystander CPR.
44:101293, 2022; Matsui et al., JAMA Netw Open 2:e195111, 2019; Awad et al., J Am Coll Emerg Physicians Open
4:e12957, 2023; Yoon et al., Prehosp Emerg Care :1–7, 2022) reported gender disparities in the provision of bystander
CPR for patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). However, it remains unknown whether similar dispari-
ties exist in the Middle Eastern and Gulf regions. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate gender differences
in the provision of bystander CPR for patients with OHCA in Qatar.
Methods Retrospective analysis of data obtained from Hamad Medical Corporation OHCA registry in the State
of Qatar (2016–2022). We included adults with non-traumatic and EMS-attended OHCA. We used multilevel logistic
regression to examine the association between gender and provision of bystander CPR.
Results In total, 4283 patients were included. Of those, 3414 (79.7%) were males, 1639 (38.3%) arrested in public
locations, and 1463 (34.2%) received bystander CPR. Unadjusted comparisons showed that females were significantly
older than males (mean age: 62.2 vs. 52.7). Females had a lower proportion of OHCA occurring in public locations
(15.1% vs. 44.2%) and a lower proportion of shockable rhythm (11.9 vs. 27.5%). Regarding the outcome variable
(provision of bystander CPR), the unadjusted analysis showed that the proportion of females who received bystander
CPR was lower than that of males (29.2% vs. 35.4%, p<0.001). However, after adjustment, we found no significant
difference in provision of bystander CPR by gender (adjusted OR female vs. male 0.99, 95% CI 0.84–1.20, p=0.97). In
the subgroup who arrested in public locations, the analysis revealed females had greater odds of receiving bystander
CPR (adjusted OR female vs. male 1.47, 95% CI 1.10–1.82, p=0.04).
Conclusions Overall, bystander CPR was less common in female gender; after adjustment for other covariates,
including arrest location, we found no significant gender differences in provision of bystander CPR. We also observed
that females were found to have a lower incidence of cardiac arrest in public locations. Nevertheless, if females were
to experience cardiac arrest in a public location, they would be more likely to receive CPR. Further research is required
to explain the observed differences in provision of bystander CPR.
Creator
Emad Awad1,2,3*, Guillaume Alinier4,5,6,7, Hassan Farhat4,8,9, Niki Rumbolt1
, Adnaan Azizurrahman1
,
Buthaina Mortada1 and Rakan Shami1
, Adnaan Azizurrahman1
,
Buthaina Mortada1 and Rakan Shami1
Source
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12245-023-00537-6
Date
2023
Contributor
Peri Irawan
Format
pdf
Language
english
Type
text
Files
Collection
Citation
Emad Awad1,2,3*, Guillaume Alinier4,5,6,7, Hassan Farhat4,8,9, Niki Rumbolt1
, Adnaan Azizurrahman1
,
Buthaina Mortada1 and Rakan Shami1, “Provision of bystander CPR for out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest in the Middle East: a retrospective gender‐based analysis,” Repository Horizon University Indonesia, accessed April 11, 2026, https://repository.horizon.ac.id/items/show/12198.