Jurnal Nasional Infokes vol.3 no.1 2019
HUBUNGAN ANTARA FAKTOR LINGKUNGAN FISIK TERHADAP TRANSMISI MALARIA DI INDONESIA

Jurnal Nasional Infokes vol.3 no.1 2019
HUBUNGAN ANTARA FAKTOR LINGKUNGAN FISIK TERHADAP TRANSMISI MALARIA DI INDONESIA

Malaria transmission, microscopic, serology, P. falciparum, physical
environmental factors.

Malaria distributed almost in all provinces in Indonesia with various
endemicity levels and transmission. Malaria transmission is related to the
epidemiological factors such as malaria parasite (Plasmodium), host (human)
and malaria vector (female Anopheles mosquito). Malaria transmission is also
influenced by physical environmental factors such as air temperature, humidity,
rainfall, wind speed, and altitude. The study was performed to determining the
correlation between physical environmental factors to the malaria transmission
in low and middle endemic area in Indonesia. This was observational analytic
study by cross sectional design. Malaria transmission were evaluated through
microscopic and serologic examination to the blood sample of the population in
the low endemic area (Purworejo) and moderate endemic area (South Lampung).
Blood sample of the population were collected in January-November 2010 in
Purworejo and in November 2010-September 2011 in South Lampung. Antibody
measurement was performed by ELISA indirect method using recombinant P.
falciparum MSP-1 and AMA-1 antigen. The sample considered malaria positive
if the Optical Density (OD) above the cut off of OD at 0.19 for MSP-1 and 0.14
for AMA-1. Data on physical environment was obtained from Badan Meteorology
dan geofisika (BMKG/ Meteorology and Geophysics Board) of Kotabumi,
Lampung and of Central Java BMKG. Altitude data of each sample were
obtained from the Indonesian Malaria Transmission Consortium (MTC) team.
Correlation between malaria positive slides with climate factors was analyzed
used logistic regression test. Whereas the correlation between titer antibody with
the location altitude was analyzed using Pearson correlation and simple
regression. The climate factors had not correlation to the malaria transmission in
Purworejo and South Lampung. However is correlated to the malaria
transmission in Purworejo (OR= 1.00) whereas in South Lampung, the altitude
had no correlation to the malaria transmission in significance level p< 0.05. The
altitude had no correlation to malaria transmission in Purworejo. Physical
environmental factors had no correlation to the malaria transmission in South
Lampung.
Keywords: Malaria transmission, microscopic, serology, P. falciparum, physical
environmental factors.

Soraya

JUNI 2019

PERI IRAWAN

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INDONESIA

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