Safety and Health at Work Vol. 10 Issue 4 2019
Risk Assessment for Metalworking Fluids and Respiratory Outcomes (Original Article)
Dublin Core
Title
Safety and Health at Work Vol. 10 Issue 4 2019
Risk Assessment for Metalworking Fluids and Respiratory Outcomes (Original Article)
Risk Assessment for Metalworking Fluids and Respiratory Outcomes (Original Article)
Subject
Benchmark dose, Hypersensitivity pneumonitis, Metalworking fluids, Occupational asthma, Survivor effect
Description
Background: Metalworking fluids (MWFs) are mixtures with inhalation exposures as mists, dusts, and vapors, and dermal exposure in the dispersed and bulk liquid phase. A quantitative risk assessment was performed for exposure to MWF and respiratory disease.
Methods: Risks associated with MWF were derived from published studies and NIOSH Health Hazard
Evaluations, and lifetime risks were calculated. The outcomes analyzed included adult onset asthma,
hypersensitivity pneumonitis, pulmonary function impairment, and reported symptoms. Incidence rates were compiled or estimated, and annual proportional loss of respiratory capacity was derived from cross-sectional assessments.
Results: A strong healthy worker survivor effect was present. New-onset asthma and hypersensi-
tivity pneumonitis, at 0.1 mg/m3 MWF under continuous outbreak conditions, had a lifetime risk
of 45%; if the associated microbiological conditions occur with only 5% prevalence, then the lifetime risk would be about 3%. At 0.1 mg/m3 , the estimate of excess lifetime risk of attributable pulmonary impairment was 0.25%, which may have been underestimated by a factor of 5 or more by a strong healthy worker survivor effect. The symptom prevalence associated with respiratory impairment at 0.1 mg/m3 MWF was estimated to be 5% (published studies) and 21% (Health Hazard
Evaluations).
Conclusion: Significant risks of impairment and chronic disease occurred at 0.1 mg/m3 for MWFs in use mostly before 2000. Evolving MWFs contain new ingredients with uncharacterized long-term hazards.
Methods: Risks associated with MWF were derived from published studies and NIOSH Health Hazard
Evaluations, and lifetime risks were calculated. The outcomes analyzed included adult onset asthma,
hypersensitivity pneumonitis, pulmonary function impairment, and reported symptoms. Incidence rates were compiled or estimated, and annual proportional loss of respiratory capacity was derived from cross-sectional assessments.
Results: A strong healthy worker survivor effect was present. New-onset asthma and hypersensi-
tivity pneumonitis, at 0.1 mg/m3 MWF under continuous outbreak conditions, had a lifetime risk
of 45%; if the associated microbiological conditions occur with only 5% prevalence, then the lifetime risk would be about 3%. At 0.1 mg/m3 , the estimate of excess lifetime risk of attributable pulmonary impairment was 0.25%, which may have been underestimated by a factor of 5 or more by a strong healthy worker survivor effect. The symptom prevalence associated with respiratory impairment at 0.1 mg/m3 MWF was estimated to be 5% (published studies) and 21% (Health Hazard
Evaluations).
Conclusion: Significant risks of impairment and chronic disease occurred at 0.1 mg/m3 for MWFs in use mostly before 2000. Evolving MWFs contain new ingredients with uncharacterized long-term hazards.
Creator
Robert M. Park
Publisher
Elsevier Korea LLC
Date
December 2019
Contributor
Sri Wahyuni
Format
PDF
Language
English
Type
Text
Coverage
Safety and Health at Work Vol. 10 Issue 4 2019
Files
Citation
Robert M. Park, “Safety and Health at Work Vol. 10 Issue 4 2019
Risk Assessment for Metalworking Fluids and Respiratory Outcomes (Original Article),” Repository Horizon University Indonesia, accessed September 20, 2024, https://repository.horizon.ac.id/items/show/1960.
Risk Assessment for Metalworking Fluids and Respiratory Outcomes (Original Article),” Repository Horizon University Indonesia, accessed September 20, 2024, https://repository.horizon.ac.id/items/show/1960.