A phenomenological interview study with patients being non-conveyed in the ambulance service
Dublin Core
Title
A phenomenological interview study with patients being non-conveyed in the ambulance service
Subject
Patients’ perspectives, Emergency medical services [MeSH], Ambulance care, Non-conveyance, Caring
encounter, Phenomenology
encounter, Phenomenology
Description
Background Non-conveyed patients (i.e. patients who are not transported to a hospital after being assessed by
ambulance clinicians) represent a significantly increasing proportion of all patients seeking ambulance care. Scientific
knowledge about patients’ non-conveyance experiences is sparse. This study describes the lived experiences of nonconveyed patients in an ambulance care context.
Methods A reflective lifeworld research (RLR) approach founded on phenomenology is used. Data is derived from
nine in-depth interviews with patients not conveyed by the ambulance service in a major Swedish region.
Results Patients’ lived experiences of becoming acutely ill or injured and not conveyed by ambulance to a hospital
are characterised by several dynamic movements: losing and regaining situational and bodily control, dependence
and autonomy, external competence and inner knowledge, handing over and regaining responsibility, and fear and
security.
Conclusions Patients’ lived experiences of non-conveyance are complex and versatile. Although non-conveyed
patients initially experience strong fear and the loss of situational and bodily control, they gradually feel more secure
when experiencing confirmation and trust, which evolves into insecurity and uncertainty. The non-conveyance
situation’s complexity from a patient’s perspective implies the need for ambulance organisations to take measures
to prevent further suffering. Non-conveyed patients must be taken seriously in their unique situations, requiring
ambulance clinicians to reflect and act with a conscious ethical perspective before, during and after their visit.
ambulance clinicians) represent a significantly increasing proportion of all patients seeking ambulance care. Scientific
knowledge about patients’ non-conveyance experiences is sparse. This study describes the lived experiences of nonconveyed patients in an ambulance care context.
Methods A reflective lifeworld research (RLR) approach founded on phenomenology is used. Data is derived from
nine in-depth interviews with patients not conveyed by the ambulance service in a major Swedish region.
Results Patients’ lived experiences of becoming acutely ill or injured and not conveyed by ambulance to a hospital
are characterised by several dynamic movements: losing and regaining situational and bodily control, dependence
and autonomy, external competence and inner knowledge, handing over and regaining responsibility, and fear and
security.
Conclusions Patients’ lived experiences of non-conveyance are complex and versatile. Although non-conveyed
patients initially experience strong fear and the loss of situational and bodily control, they gradually feel more secure
when experiencing confirmation and trust, which evolves into insecurity and uncertainty. The non-conveyance
situation’s complexity from a patient’s perspective implies the need for ambulance organisations to take measures
to prevent further suffering. Non-conveyed patients must be taken seriously in their unique situations, requiring
ambulance clinicians to reflect and act with a conscious ethical perspective before, during and after their visit.
Creator
Jakob Lederman, Caroline Löfvenmark, Therese Djärv, Veronica Lindström and Carina Elmqvist
Publisher
BMC Emergency Medicine
Date
(2023) 23:30
Contributor
Fajar Bagus W
Format
PDF
Language
English
Type
Text
Files
Collection
Citation
Jakob Lederman, Caroline Löfvenmark, Therese Djärv, Veronica Lindström and Carina Elmqvist, “A phenomenological interview study with patients being non-conveyed in the ambulance service,” Repository Horizon University Indonesia, accessed October 31, 2025, https://repository.horizon.ac.id/items/show/4317.