Comparison of anesthesia onset and duration between needle and needle-free methods in pediatric circumcision
Dublin Core
Title
Comparison of anesthesia onset and duration between needle and needle-free methods in pediatric circumcision
Subject
anesthesia, circumcision, duration of anesthetic action, needle anesthesia, needle-free anesthesia
Description
Introduction: Various anesthesia methods are utilized during circumcision, including needle anesthesia (NA) and
needle-free anesthesia (NFA). However, research on differences in the total duration of anesthetic action between these
methods remains limited. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of NA and NFA techniques in
circumcision.
Methods: This observational study employed a prospective cohort design and an independent t-test. A total of 56
participants were included, with 28 patients assigned to each technique. Data collection was conducted using an
observation sheet. Consecutive sampling was applied, and the primary variables measured were the onset of anesthetic
drug, duration of anesthetic effect, and total duration of anesthetic action.
Results: The onset of anesthetic drug, measured as the time from administration to numbness, averaged 4.53 minutes
and 3.14 minutes using the NA and NFA methods, respectively (p<0.001). The average duration of anesthetic effect,
measured as the time from the onset of numbness to anesthesia dissipation, was 95.39 minutes and 79.00 minutes in
the NA and NFA methods, respectively (p<0.001). Finally, the total duration of anesthetic action was 100.46 minutes
and 82.54 minutes using the NA and NFA methods, respectively (p<0.001).
Conclusions: The NFA method facilitates a faster onset, while the NA method provides a longer duration of anesthetic
effect. These findings may assist clinicians in selecting anesthesia techniques based on procedural duration and patient
comfort in pediatric circumcision. Further studies are suggested to explore other influencing factors.
needle-free anesthesia (NFA). However, research on differences in the total duration of anesthetic action between these
methods remains limited. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of NA and NFA techniques in
circumcision.
Methods: This observational study employed a prospective cohort design and an independent t-test. A total of 56
participants were included, with 28 patients assigned to each technique. Data collection was conducted using an
observation sheet. Consecutive sampling was applied, and the primary variables measured were the onset of anesthetic
drug, duration of anesthetic effect, and total duration of anesthetic action.
Results: The onset of anesthetic drug, measured as the time from administration to numbness, averaged 4.53 minutes
and 3.14 minutes using the NA and NFA methods, respectively (p<0.001). The average duration of anesthetic effect,
measured as the time from the onset of numbness to anesthesia dissipation, was 95.39 minutes and 79.00 minutes in
the NA and NFA methods, respectively (p<0.001). Finally, the total duration of anesthetic action was 100.46 minutes
and 82.54 minutes using the NA and NFA methods, respectively (p<0.001).
Conclusions: The NFA method facilitates a faster onset, while the NA method provides a longer duration of anesthetic
effect. These findings may assist clinicians in selecting anesthesia techniques based on procedural duration and patient
comfort in pediatric circumcision. Further studies are suggested to explore other influencing factors.
Creator
Y. Sigit Kumara1
, Khudazi Aulawi2* , and Ariani Arista Putri Pertiwi3
, Khudazi Aulawi2* , and Ariani Arista Putri Pertiwi3
Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jn.v20i4.69292
Date
22 November 2025
Contributor
peri irawan
Format
pdf
Language
english
Type
text
Files
Collection
Citation
Y. Sigit Kumara1
, Khudazi Aulawi2* , and Ariani Arista Putri Pertiwi3, “Comparison of anesthesia onset and duration between needle and needle-free methods in pediatric circumcision,” Repository Horizon University Indonesia, accessed February 21, 2026, https://repository.horizon.ac.id/items/show/11164.