Confronting whiteness through virtual humans: a review
of 20 years of research in prejudice and racial bias using
virtual environments

Dublin Core

Title

Confronting whiteness through virtual humans: a review
of 20 years of research in prejudice and racial bias using
virtual environments

Subject

virtual environments, whiteness, racial bias, systematic review, virtual reality, avatars

Description

Virtual environments (VEs) provide novel ways for users to experience computer generated people and places, which can be used by researchers

to examine and reduce racial bias. However, unless researchers consider the systemtic structures of racial inequities when designing their simu-
lations, they may unintentionally create experiences that could prime or entrench racist beliefs or attitudes. A critical Whiteness framework

guides this systematic review of 20 years of prejudice and bias reduction research in VEs. Of the 68 articles, findings indicated that virtual experi-
ences are a promising tool in anti-bias interventions. Future research must expand to more longitudinal, behaviorally focused studies while priori-
tizing predictive theoretical models and meaningfully reflecting on inclusive practices within the broader bias reduction space. We discuss best practices for future research in anti-bias and anti-prejudice in VEs.

Creator

Haley R. Hatfield,, Sun Joo (Grace) Ahn1,Matthew Klein1 , Kristine L. Nowak

Source

https://doi.org/10.1093/jcmc/zmac016

Date

15 July 2022

Contributor

PERI IRAWAN

Format

PDF

Language

ENGLISH

Type

TEXT

Files

Collection

Citation

Haley R. Hatfield,, Sun Joo (Grace) Ahn1,Matthew Klein1 , Kristine L. Nowak, “Confronting whiteness through virtual humans: a review
of 20 years of research in prejudice and racial bias using
virtual environments,” Repository Horizon University Indonesia, accessed May 19, 2025, https://repository.horizon.ac.id/items/show/8637.