Background: Injuries cause significant morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan African countries such as Rwanda.
These burdens may be compounded by limited access to intravenous (IV) resuscitation fluids such as crystalloids
and blood products. This…
Introduction: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a major cause of sudden cardiac death which can be
prevented by early cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). International bodies recommend that basic life support
(BLS) skills be taught in…
Background: Understanding the epidemiology of battlefield casualties is required for plans and coordinated efforts
towards improved combat trauma care (CTC) performance and outcome. The engagement of the Armed
Forces of Nigeria (AFN) in containing…
Introduction: Due to the COVID-19 crisis or any other mass casualty situation it might be necessary to give
artificial ventilation to many affected patients. Contrarily, the worldwide availability of emergency ventilators is
still a shortage,…
Background: The Covid-19 pandemic has had a drastic effect on the global community. Blood products are
precious resources especially in the African context and this has been especially compounded during the Covid-
19 pandemic. Concurrent to this…
Introduction: It is widely accepted that pain is the most common complaint during invasive nursing procedures,
which causes anxiety in patients. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of family presence on the
level of pain and…
South Africa, several cases of toxic alcohol ingestion presented to our emergency unit. Many of these patients
admitted to making home brews of alcohol while others simply use industrial toxic alcohols. The diagnosis of
these poisonings is…
Background: Captopril is an important drug and is used to control hypertensive urgency world-wide. But there is
very little data available regarding the evaluation of its outcomes in hypertensive urgency among African patients.
This study aimed to…
Background: The South African Triage Scale (SATS) requires the calculation of the Triage Early Warning Score
(TEWS), which takes time and is prone to error.
Aim: to derive and validate triage scores from a clinical database collected in a…